[German-language translation of the PANELVIEW instrument to evaluate the guideline development process from the perspective of the guideline group].

Introduction: The development process for clinical guidelines is influenced by factors that are relevant to the validity of a guideline but often are not captured sufficiently in the final guideline documents. PANELVIEW is an English-language tool that can be used to explore the guideline development process from the perspective of guideline group members. Our aim was to translate the PANELVIEW tool into German, taking into account national contexts and linguistic differences.

Compartmental chest wall volume changes during volitional hyperpnoea with constant tidal volume in healthy individuals.

Prolonged high-intensity ventilation is associated with the development of rapid shallow breathing with decreased end-inspiratory volumes of all chest wall compartments. During respiratory muscle endurance training using normocapnic hyperpnoea, tidal volume (V(T)) is normally kept constant. The aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in muscle recruitment during constant-V(T) hyperpnoea, to assess potential mechanisms related to rapid shallow breathing.

Maximal cardiac output during arm exercise in the sitting position after cervical spinal cord injury.

Objective: To determine and compare haemodynamic responses at maximal arm-crank (ACE) and wheelchair exercise (WCE) in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury and pair-matched able-bodied individuals.

Methods: Nine male, motor-complete cervical spinal cord injured and 9 able-bodied individuals performed graded, maximal ACE and WCE. Cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume were determined at rest and at maximal exercise in cervical spinal cord injured individuals.

Compartmental chest wall volume changes during volitional normocapnic hyperpnoea.

During increased ventilation, inspiratory rib cage muscles have been suggested to take over part of diaphragmatic work after the diaphragm fatigues. We investigated the extent to which this proposed change in muscle recruitment is associated with changes in the relative contribution of chest wall compartments to tidal volume (V(T)). Thirteen healthy subjects performed 1 h of fatiguing normocapnic hyperpnoea.

Chest wall volume changes during inspiratory loaded breathing.

We assessed the effect of inspiratory loaded breathing (ILB) on respiratory muscle strength and investigated the extent to which respiratory muscle fatigue is associated with chest wall volume changes during ILB. Twelve healthy subjects performed ILB at 76 ± 11% of maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP) for 1h. MIP and breathing pattern during 3 min of normocapnic hyperpnea (NH) were measured before and after ILB.