The Predictive Value of the Fibrinogen-Albumin-Ratio Index on Surgical Outcomes in Patients with Advanced High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.

Background/objectives: The present study evaluates predictive implications of the pretherapeutic Fibrinogen-Albumin-Ratio Index (FARI) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study included 161 patients with HGSOC International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage ≥ IIb, who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Associations between the FARI and complete tumor resection status were described by receiver operating characteristics, and binary logistic regression models were fitted.

Aesthetic Outcome and Psychosexual Distress After Treatment for Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions.

Objectives: This study compared aesthetic outcome, psychosexual distress, and treatment satisfaction between women receiving surgical treatment or medical treatment with imiquimod for vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.

Materials And Methods: This is an extended analysis of the multicenter, randomized noninferiority trial "topical imiquimod versus surgery for vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia." Patients were randomized to primary topical treatment or surgery and stratified by unifocal or multifocal disease.

Corrected Allele Frequency of BRCA1/2 Mutations Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Treatment Response to PARP-Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer Patients.

PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have increased treatment options in ovarian cancer, particularly in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, although there are still marked differences in the duration of patients' response to this targeted therapy. BRCA testing is routinely performed in tumor tissue of ovarian cancer patients. The resulting molecular pathological findings include the genetic nomenclature of the mutation, the frequency of the mutated allele (variant allele frequency, VAF), and the tumor cell content.

Defining Models to Classify between Benign and Malignant Adnexal Masses Using Routine Laboratory Parameters.

Discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses is essential for optimal treatment planning, but still remains challenging in a routine clinical setting. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare albumin as a single parameter to calculate models by analyzing laboratory parameters of 1552 patients with an adnexal mass (epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC): = 294; borderline tumor of the ovary (BTO): = 66; benign adnexal mass: = 1192) undergoing surgery. Models comprising classical laboratory parameters show better accuracies (AUCs 0.

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Expression in Tumor-Associated Neovasculature Is an Independent Prognostic Marker in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is present in the tumor-associated neovasculature of many cancer types. Current data in ovarian cancer are limited and controversial; thus, the aim of this study was to investigate PSMA expression in a larger and homogenous patient cohort. This might lead to further studies investigating the use of imaging and therapeutic modalities targeting PSMA.

Biomarker-Based Models for Preoperative Assessment of Adnexal Mass: A Multicenter Validation Study.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal genital malignancy in women. We aimed to develop and validate new proteomic-based models for non-invasive diagnosis of OC. We also compared them to the modified Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA-50), the Copenhagen Index (CPH-I) and our earlier Proteomic Model 2017.

Association of a Combined Cancer Exhaustion Score with Circulating Tumor Cells and Outcome in Ovarian Cancer-A Study of the OVCAD Consortium.

We investigated the prognostic role of systemic characteristics for cancer exhaustion and the presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in primary epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. We included 185 patients in this multicenter study with a median follow-up time of 10.25 years.

PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on TILs in peritoneal metastases compared to ovarian tumor tissues and its associations with clinical outcome.

The therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors is currently being investigated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but immunological effects of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis in EOC still remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was thus to compare infiltration rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 expressing tumor infiltrating leucocytes (TILs) in primary ovarian tumor tissue and metastatic intraperitoneal implants and to investigate its impact on overall survival (OS). Tumor specimens (ovarian tumor tissues and intraperitoneal metastases) of 111 patients were used to investigate the PD-1, PD-L1 and CD8 expression rates on TILs and PD-L1 expression rate of tumor cells.

Risk Reclassification of Patients with Endometrial Cancer Based on Tumor Molecular Profiling: First Real World Data.

Recently, guidelines for endometrial cancer (EC) were released that guide treatment decisions according to the tumors' molecular profiles. To date, no real-world data regarding the clinical feasibility of molecular profiling have been released. This retrospective, monocentric study investigated the clinical feasibility of molecular profiling and its potential impact on treatment decisions.

The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is an independent prognostic parameter of survival in patients with invasive vulvar cancer.

Objective: To assess the prognostic value of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with vulvar cancer.

Methods: Data of 130 consecutive patients who underwent primary surgical resection for vulvar cancer at the Medical University of Vienna between 1999 and 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. The SII was defined as platelets × neutrophils/lymphocytes as previously described.

Targeted Therapy Recommendations for Therapy Refractory Solid Tumors-Data from the Real-World Precision Medicine Platform MONDTI.

Advanced therapy-refractory solid tumors bear a dismal prognosis and constitute a major challenge in offering effective treatment strategies. In this real-world retrospective analysis of our precision medicine platform MONDTI, we describe the molecular profile of 554 patients diagnosed with 17 different types of advanced solid tumors after failure of all standard treatment options. In 304 cases (54.

A Global Gene Body Methylation Measure Correlates Independently with Overall Survival in Solid Cancer Types.

Epigenetics, CpG methylation of CpG islands (CGI) and gene bodies (GBs), plays an important role in gene regulation and cancer biology, the former established as a transcription regulator. Genome wide CpG methylation, summarized over GBs and CGIs, was analyzed for impact on overall survival (OS) in cancer. The averaged GB and CGI methylation status of each gene was categorized into methylated and unmethylated (defined) or undefined.

Molecular Guided Treatments in Gynecologic Oncology: Analysis of a Real-World Precision Cancer Medicine Platform.

Introduction: Advanced gynecologic cancers have a poor prognosis and constitute a major challenge for adequate treatment strategies. By analyzing and targeting molecular alterations, molecular guided treatments may be a viable option for the treatment of advanced gynecologic cancers.

Patients And Methods: In this single-center, real-world retrospective analysis of our platform for precision cancer medicine (PCM), we describe the molecular profiling of 72 patients diagnosed with different types of advanced gynecologic malignancies.

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Correlates with Favorable Overall Survival in High Grade Ovarian Cancer.

It is still a question of debate whether neutrophils, often found in the tumor microenvironment, mediate tumor-promoting or rather tumor-inhibiting activities. The present study focuses on the involvement of neutrophils in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Macroscopic features classify two types of peritoneal tumor spread in HGSOC.

Gamma-glutamyltransferase as a preoperative differential diagnostic marker in patients with adnexal mass.

Objective: Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is involved in tumor development, progression and chemotherapy resistance. The present study evaluated GGT serum levels as a preoperative predictive marker for ovarian cancer in patients with adnexal mass.

Study Design: Preoperative GGT serum levels of 2235 patients with adnexal mass and subsequent surgery were ascertained (patients with benign ovarian tumors: n = 1811; borderline tumor of the ovary [BTO]: n = 85; epithelial ovarian cancer [EOC]: n = 339).

NECTIN4 (PVRL4) as Putative Therapeutic Target for a Specific Subtype of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer-An Integrative Multi-Omics Approach.

In high grade serous ovarian cancer patients with peritoneal involvement and unfavorable outcome would benefit from targeted therapies. The aim of this study was to find a druggable target against peritoneal metastasis. We constructed a planar-scale free small world-co-association gene expression network and searched for clusters with hub-genes associated to peritoneal spread.

The value of pretreatment serum butyrylcholinesterase level as a novel prognostic biomarker in patients with cervical cancer treated with primary (chemo-)radiation therapy.

Background: Deficiency in butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a condition commonly noticed in liver damage, inflammation, and malnutrition, has previously been associated with impaired prognosis in different malignancies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the value of pretreatment serum BChE levels as a prognostic biomarker in patients with cervical cancer treated with primary (chemotherapy-[chemo-])radiation therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated data of a consecutive series of patients with cervical cancer treated with primary (chemo-)radiation therapy between 1998 and 2015.

Factors associated with post-relapse survival in patients with recurrent cervical cancer: the value of the inflammation-based Glasgow Prognostic Score.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the value of the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) as a prognostic tool for predicting post-relapse survival (PRS) in patients with recurrent cervical cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 116 patients with recurrent cervical cancer in whom serologic biomarkers had been assessed at the time of relapse. The GPS was calculated as follows: patients with elevated serum C-reactive protein levels and hypoalbuminemia were allocated a score of 2, and those with 1 or no abnormal value were allocated a score of 1 and 0, respectively.

Preoperative C-reactive protein serum levels as a predictive diagnostic marker in patients with adnexal masses.

Objective: To evaluate C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels as a preoperative predictive marker for ovarian cancer in patients with adnexal masses.

Methods: CRP serum levels of 1843 adnexal masses and subsequent surgery were investigated (patients with benign ovarian tumors: n=1423; borderline tumor of the ovary [BTO]: n=83; EOC: n=337). Test characteristics and predictive values of CRP serum levels were investigated by univariate analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression models.

Development of a tool for prediction of ovarian cancer in patients with adnexal masses: Value of plasma fibrinogen.

Objective: To develop a tool for individualized risk estimation of presence of cancer in women with adnexal masses, and to assess the added value of plasma fibrinogen.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of 906 patients with adnexal masses who underwent cystectomy or oophorectomy. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses including pre-operative plasma fibrinogen levels and established predictors were performed.

Two different, mutually exclusively distributed, mutations in ovarian and peritoneal tumor tissues of a serous ovarian cancer patient: indicative for tumor origin?

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is characterized by a mutation rate of up to 96.7% and associated with a more aggressive tumor biology. The origin of HGSOC is thought to arise either from fallopian tube secretory cells or the ovarian surface epithelium/inclusion cysts, the former with more evidence.

EV-Associated MMP9 in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Is Preferentially Localized to Annexin V-Binding EVs.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most aggressive type of ovarian cancer and is responsible for most deaths caused by gynecological cancers. Numerous candidate biomarkers were identified for this disease in the last decades, but most were not sensitive or specific enough for clinical applications. Hence, new biomarkers for HGSOC are urgently required.