Thyroidal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Protein Expression and Thyroid Function Tests in Patients with COVID-19: Results from a Retrospective Case Series and a Prospective Cohort Study.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 has initially been known as a respiratory disease but in the course of the pandemic the understanding has emerged that severity is owing to fatal inflammatory responses apart from lung injury. In this context, endocrine disorders such as thyroiditis as well as pituitary dysfunction in addition to nonthyroidal illness syndrome have been described. Furthermore, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the SARS-CoV-2 cell receptor, has been detected in most endocrine tissues, including the thyroid gland.