An open carbon-phenolic ablator for scientific exploration.

Space exploration missions rely on ablative heat shields for the thermal protection of spacecraft during atmospheric entry flights. While dedicated research is needed for future missions, the scientific community has limited access to ablative materials typically used in aerospace. In this paper, we report the development of the HEFDiG Ablation-Research Laboratory Experiment Material (HARLEM), a carbon-phenolic ablator designed to supply the need for ablative materials in laboratory experiments.

Novel heat flux controlled surface cooling for hypersonic flight.

This paper presents a new method in theory and experiment to adjust the transpiration cooling based on the actual measured heat flux. This is particularly useful in extreme heating environments, e.g.