The effects of seeding density and osteoclastic supplement concentration on osteoclastic differentiation and resorption.

The bone resorbing osteoclasts are a complex type of cell essential for bone remodeling. There is no consensus on medium composition and seeding density for osteoclastogenesis, despite the importance thereof on osteoclastic differentiation and activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative effect of monocyte or peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) seeding density, osteoclastic supplement concentration and priming on the generation of functional osteoclasts, and to explore and evaluate the usefulness of commonly used markers for osteoclast cultures.

Tuning the resorption-formation balance in an 3D osteoblast-osteoclast co-culture model of bone.

The aim of the present study was to further improve an 3D osteoblast (OB) - osteoclast (OC) co-culture model of bone by tuning it towards states of formation, resorption, and equilibrium for their future applications in fundamental research, drug development and personalized medicine. This was achieved by varying culture medium composition and monocyte seeding density, the two external parameters that affect cell behavior the most. Monocytes were seeded at two seeding densities onto 3D silk-fibroin constructs pre-mineralized by MSC-derived OBs and were co-cultured in one of three different media (OC stimulating, Neutral and OB stimulating medium) for three weeks.

Osteoblast-osteoclast co-cultures: A systematic review and map of available literature.

Drug research with animal models is expensive, time-consuming and translation to clinical trials is often poor, resulting in a desire to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animal models. One approach to replace and reduce the use of animal models is to use in vitro cell-culture models. To study bone physiology, bone diseases and drugs, many studies have been published using osteoblast-osteoclast co-cultures.

Antibacterial effects of electrospun chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibrous membranes loaded with chlorhexidine and silver.

To prevent percutaneous device associated infections (PDAIs), we prepared electrospun chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanofibrous membrane containing silver nanoparticles as an implantable delivery vehicle for the dual release of chlorhexidine and silver ions. We observed that the silver nanoparticles were distributed homogeneously throughout the fibers, and a fast release of chlorhexidine in 2days and a sustained release of silver ions for up to 28days. The antibacterial efficacy of the membranes against Staphylococcus aureus showed that the membranes exhibited an obvious inhibition zone upon loading with either chlorhexidine (20μg or more per membrane) or AgNO3 (1 and 5wt% to polymer).