A Local Desiccant Antimicrobial Agent as an Alternative to Adjunctive Antibiotics in the Treatment of Periodontitis: A Narrative Review.

Periodontitis is one of the most common oral polymicrobial infectious diseases induced by the complex interplay between the altered subgingival microbiota and the host's dysregulated immune-inflammatory response, leading to the initiation of progressive and irreversible destruction of the periodontal tissues and eventually to tooth loss. The main goal of cause-related periodontal therapy is to eliminate the dysbiotic subgingival biofilm in order to arrest local inflammation and further periodontal tissue breakdown. Because, in some cases, subgingival mechanical instrumentation has limited efficiency in achieving those goals, various adjunctive therapies, mainly systemic and locally delivered antimicrobials, have been proposed to augment its effectiveness.

Current Perspectives on Periodontitis in Systemic Sclerosis: Associative Relationships, Pathogenic Links, and Best Practices.

Systemic sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystemic disease characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix protein deposition and extreme progressive microvasculopathy. These processes lead to damage within the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, but also to facial changes with physiognomic and functional alterations, and dental and periodontal lesions. Orofacial manifestations are common in SSc but are frequently overshadowed by systemic complications.

Periodontitis in Ischemic Stroke Patients: Case Definition Challenges of the New Classification Scheme (2018).

The identification of the associative relationships between ischemic stroke (IS) and risk factors such as advanced age and periodontitis is essential to design real screening protocols and to address them using primary and secondary preventive policies. This study primarily aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the 2018 European Federation of Periodontology/American Academy of Periodontology (EFP/AAP) case definition in detecting periodontitis against the 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) case definition in a group of IS patients. Secondarily, we report the periodontal status of IS patients and the associative relationship with respect to some risk factors.

In Vitro Study on the Adhesive Performance of Some Resin-Based Materials Used to Restore Class II Cavities.

The study aimed to evaluate the adhesive performances of two ormocer materials and two micro-hybrid composites placed to restore class II cavities. We tested the null hypothesis, which considered that the adhesive behaviors of tested materials did not differ. On each extracted tooth, two class II cavities were prepared having an enamel located cervical margin and a cementum located cervical margin, respectively, and were restored using two different restoration techniques.

Interleukin-1α and -1β assessment in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontal patients with chronic hepatitis C.

The study assessed whether the increased production of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as a result of chronic hepatic inflammation, could be the expression of the negative impact on periodontal disease. The study included chronic periodontitis patients who were systemically healthy, chronic periodontitis patients suffering from chronic hepatitis C, as well as control patients, being systemically and periodontally healthy. After periodontal examination and the assessment of certain periodontal parameters, gingival crevicular fluid was collected from all participating patients.

Investigations on the adhesion of new composites for restoring cervical lesions using energy dispersive X-ray analysis and scanning electron microscopy.

Restoration of noncarious cervical lesions with resin composites is one of the treatment options, but the retention of the restorations located at the crown-root junction is still a cause of clinical concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adhesive properties of three experimental resin composites and two commercial materials used to restore cavities prepared on extracted teeth as well as to determine the relative elemental composition of these materials. We tested the null hypothesis, which considered that the adhesive behaviours of different resin composites did not differ.

Optical coherence tomography assessment of gingival epithelium inflammatory status in periodontal - Systemic affected patients.

Introduction: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging tool used in various medical fields (ophthalmology, dermatology), which allows the observation of morphological particularities on the surface of tissues or internal constructive details of about 2-3mms in depth. In periodontology, it has been used as an experimental tool for periodontal pocket analysis (depth, calculus deposits) but not for the assessment of periodontal inflammation in the gingival tissues, which has been the subject of our in-vitro study.

Material And Method: Gingival samples were collected from three types of patients: patients with periodontal disease; patients with periodontal disease and a systemic comorbidity; periodontal and systemic healthy patients.

Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and clinical assessment of patients with chronic periodontitis treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy and adjunctive systemic antibiotherapy.

This study aims to evaluate the oxidative stress changes in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) undergoing non-surgical periodontal therapy alone, compared with non-surgical periodontal therapy with adjunctive systemic antibiotic therapy. Sixteen patients with CP, randomly assigned into two equal groups, were treated either with scaling and root planing (SRP) + Amoxicillin + Metronidazole, each 500 mg, three times daily, for seven days (test group), or with SRP + placebo for seven days (control group). Venous blood and unstimulated saliva samples were collected.

Mast Cells: Key Players in the Shadow in Oral Inflammation and in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity.

Although mast cells (MCs) have been discovered over 130 years ago, their function was almost exclusively linked to allergic affections. At the time being, it is well known that MCs possess a great variety of roles, in both physiologic and pathologic conditions. In the oral tissues, MCs release different proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), that promote leukocyte infiltration in various inflammatory states of the oral cavity.

Expression of Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Wound Healing after Gingivectomy in Postorthodontic Patients.

Background. Wound healing is a tissue repair process after an injury, and two of its main components are inflammation and angiogenesis, in which course a cascade of mediators is involved. The aim of this research was to evaluate the involvement of Pentraxin 3 and Thrombospondin 1 in wound healing after periodontal surgery (gingivectomy) for gingival overgrowth during orthodontic treatment with or without magnification devices, by assessing their levels in GCF.

Clinical and histological characterization of an aggressive periodontitis case associated with unusual root canal curvatures.

The article presents the histological and clinical characteristics in a severe generalized aggressive periodontitis case associated with multiple root curvatures and the complex therapeutic approach of the severe periodontal destructions. The patient received a complex therapy, including periodontal non-surgical, regenerative and reconstructive approaches, and also endodontic and prosthetic treatments. Recall appointments were fixed at 3-month intervals.

Severely altered post-traumatic internal morphology of upper incisors associated with biologic width violation - the combined conservative approach.

This is the report of a case of four upper incisors with multiple internal/external resorptions after a falling accident in the childhood and subsequent violation of the biologic width by incorrect individual coronal restorations. Endodontic orthograde retreatment was performed and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was placed as apical plug and to repair the large internal resorption. In order to re-establish the biologic width, a controlled surgical crown-lengthening procedure was performed.

Localized Juvenile Spongiotic Gingival Inflammation: A Report on 3 Cases.

Background And Aims: A new pathological entity with distinct clinicopathological features has been recently described and termed as juvenile spongiotic gingivitis. Histopathological associated features are unique and characterized by prominent intercellular edema (spongiosis) and neutrophil infiltrate. The aims of this paper were to: introduce juvenile spongiotic gingivitis to the dental and pediatric communities, to report three cases based on clinical and histopathological findings, and to discuss the most common clinical differential diagnoses.

Short-Term Results in Evaluating a Gingiva-Adhesive Hydrophobic-Chlorhexidine-Gel for Chronic Periodontitis.

Background And Aims: Oral mucosa and interproximal spaces of the teeth could favor the colonization of periodontopathogenic bacteria, which could be targeted by chemical antiplaque agents such as chlorhexidine, present in different oral hygiene products, thus improving the control of biofilm growth and delaying microbial accumulation. The study aimed to evaluate whether the use of a hydrophobic gel with good gingival adhesion for 14 days after the scaling and root planing of patients with chronic periodontitis would improve the treatment outcome, when compared with the use of a regular hydrophyllic gel.

Material And Methods: Patients with moderate disease were included in two study groups.

[The role of smoking in changing essential parameters in body homeostasis].

Smoking, one of the avoidable causes of mortality, is considered a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and bronchopulmonary cancer. Many studies suggest that nicotine induces vasoconstriction, not only in coronary arteries but also in peripheral vessels, hypertension, pro-atherogenic effects, due to increase of platelet activation and fatty acids concentration, alterations of endothelial-cell shapes, as well as endothelial-cell proliferation. The main affected vascular biochemical parameters are: endothelin-1, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins, C-reactive protein, nitric oxide, fibrinogen, and uric acid.