Risk factors for development of aminoglycoside resistance among gram-negative rods.

Purpose: Development of scoring systems to predict the risk of aminoglycoside resistance and to guide therapy is described.

Methods: Infections due to aminoglycoside-resistant gram-negative rods (AR-GNRs) are increasingly common and associated with adverse outcomes; selection of effective initial antibiotic therapy is necessary to reduce adverse consequences and shorten length of stay. To determine risk factors for AR-GNR recovery from culture, cases of GNR infection among patients admitted to 2 institutions in a major academic hospital system during the period 2011-2016 were retrospectively analyzed.

Risk Factors for Development of Carbapenem Resistance Among Gram-Negative Rods.

Background: Infections due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (CR-GNR) are increasing in frequency and result in high morbidity and mortality. Appropriate initial antibiotic therapy is necessary to reduce adverse consequences and shorten length of stay.

Methods: To determine risk factors for recovery on culture of CR-GNR, cases were retrospectively analyzed at a major academic hospital system from 2011 to 2016.

Risk Factors for Colistin Resistance among Gram-Negative Rods and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates.

Infections due to colistin-resistant (Col) Gram-negative rods (GNRs) and colistin-resistant isolates in particular result in high associated mortality and poor treatment options. To determine the risk factors for recovery on culture of Col GNRs and Col, analyses were chosen to aid decisions at two separate time points: the first when only Gram stain results are available without any bacterial species information (corresponding to the Col GNR model) and the second when organism identification is performed but prior to reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results (corresponding to the Col model). Cases were retrospectively analyzed at a major academic hospital system from 2011 to 2016.

A Simple Derived Prediction Score for the Identification of an Elevated Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure Using Precatheterization Clinical Data in Patients Referred to a Pulmonary Hypertension Center.

Background: One of the foremost diagnostic challenges in clinical pulmonary hypertension is discriminating between pulmonary arterial hypertension (group 1) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (group 2.2). Group 2.

A data-driven approach to optimized medication dosing: a focus on heparin.

Purpose: To demonstrate a novel method that utilizes retrospective data to develop statistically optimal dosing strategies for medications with sensitive therapeutic windows. We illustrate our approach on intravenous unfractionated heparin, a medication which typically considers only patient weight and is frequently misdosed.

Methods: We identified available clinical features which impact patient response to heparin and extracted 1,511 patients from the multi-parameter intelligent monitoring in intensive care II database which met our inclusion criteria.