Automated tooth segmentation in magnetic resonance scans using deep learning - A pilot study.

Objectives: The main objective was to develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence model for tooth segmentation in magnetic resonance (MR) scans.

Methods: MR scans of 20 patients performed with a commercial 64-channel head coil with a T1-weighted 3D-SPACE (Sampling Perfection with Application Optimized Contrasts using different flip angle Evolution) sequence were included. Sixteen datasets were used for model training and 4 for accuracy evaluation.

Automated condylar seating assessment using a deep learning-based three-step approach.

Objectives: In orthognatic surgery, one of the primary determinants for reliable three-dimensional virtual surgery planning (3D VSP) and an accurate transfer of 3D VSP to the patient in the operation room is the condylar seating. Incorrectly seated condyles would primarily affect the accuracy of maxillary-first bimaxillary osteotomies as the maxillary repositioning is dependent on the positioning of the mandible in the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel tool by utilizing a deep learning algorithm that automatically evaluates the condylar seating based on CBCT images as a proof of concept.

Advancements in diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders: leveraging Vision transformers for multi-class detection.

Objectives: Diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) is critical to prevent oral cancer. This study aims to automatically detect and classify the most common pre-malignant oral lesions, such as leukoplakia and oral lichen planus (OLP), and distinguish them from oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and healthy oral mucosa on clinical photographs using vision transformers.

Methods: 4,161 photographs of healthy mucosa, leukoplakia, OLP, and OSCC were included.

Outpatient Video Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study of Patients' Experiences and Characteristics.

Background: During the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic, an exponential increase in video consultations replacing in-person outpatient visits was observed in hospitals. Insight into patients' experiences with this type of consultation is helpful for a broad, sustainable, and patient-centered implementation of video consultation.

Objective: This study aims to examine patients' experiences with video consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify discriminative patient and consultation characteristics to determine when video consultation is most feasible.

Clockwise versus counterclockwise rotation in bimaxillary surgery: 3D analysis of facial soft tissue outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare facial 3D soft tissue changes in subjects with Class III deformities who underwent bimaxillary clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) rotational orthognathic surgery.

Methods: Asian Class III subjects who completed bimaxillary surgical orthodontic treatments were enrolled and categorized into CW and CCW groups based on maxillary occlusal plane alterations. Preoperative and 9-month follow-up cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D stereophotogrammetry were obtained, superimposed, and quantified for skeletal movements and soft tissue changes in six facial regions.

Skeletal structure of asymmetric mandibular prognathism and retrognathism.

Background: This study aimed to compare the skeletal structures between mandibular prognathism and retrognathism among patients with facial asymmetry.

Results: Patients who had mandibular asymmetry with retrognathism (Group A) in The Netherlands were compared with those with deviated mandibular prognathism (Group B) in Korea. All the data were obtained from 3D-reformatted cone-beam computed tomography images from each institute.

What is the impact of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion on the midfacial soft tissues? A prospective three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry study.

Objectives: To evaluate the midfacial soft tissue changes of the face in patients treated with miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE).

Materials And Methods: 3D facial images and intra-oral scans (IOS) were obtained before expansion (T0), immediately after completion of expansion (T1), and 1 year after expansion (T2). The 3D images were superimposed and two 3D distance maps were generated to measure the midfacial soft tissue changes: immediate effects between timepoints T0 and T1 and overall effects between T0 and T2.

Patients' perspectives on the use of artificial intelligence in dentistry: a regional survey.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry is rapidly evolving and could play a major role in a variety of dental fields. This study assessed patients' perceptions and expectations regarding AI use in dentistry. An 18-item questionnaire survey focused on demographics, expectancy, accountability, trust, interaction, advantages and disadvantages was responded to by 330 patients; 265 completed questionnaires were included in this study.

A learning curve in 3D virtual surgical planned orthognathic surgery.

Objectives: To assess the surgical accuracy of 3D virtual surgical planned orthognathic surgery and the influence of posterior impaction and magnitude of the planned movements on a possible learning curve.

Materials And Methods: This prospective cohort study included subjects who underwent bimaxillary surgery between 2016 and 2020 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen. 3D virtual surgical planning (VSP) was performed with CBCT data and digitalized dentition data.

Positional assessment of lower third molar and mandibular canal using explainable artificial intelligence.

Objective: The aim of this study is to automatically assess the positional relationship between lower third molars (M3i) and the mandibular canal (MC) based on the panoramic radiograph(s) (PR(s)).

Material And Methods: A total of 1444 M3s were manually annotated and labeled on 863 PRs as a reference. A deep-learning approach, based on MobileNet-V2 combination with a skeletonization algorithm and a signed distance method, was trained and validated on 733 PRs with 1227 M3s to classify the positional relationship between M3i and MC into three categories.

Super-Resolution of Dental Panoramic Radiographs Using Deep Learning: A Pilot Study.

Using super-resolution (SR) algorithms, an image with a low resolution can be converted into a high-quality image. Our objective was to compare deep learning-based SR models to a conventional approach for improving the resolution of dental panoramic radiographs. A total of 888 dental panoramic radiographs were obtained.

Deep learning for automated segmentation of the temporomandibular joint.

Objective: Quantitative analysis of the volume and shape of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) requires accurate segmentation of the mandibular condyles and the glenoid fossae. This study aimed to develop and validate an automated segmentation tool based on a deep learning algorithm for accurate 3D reconstruction of the TMJ.

Materials And Methods: A three-step deep-learning approach based on a 3D U-net was developed to segment the condyles and glenoid fossae on CBCT datasets.

What is the Oral Health-related Quality of Life following Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE)? A prospective clinical cohort study.

Background: Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) is a non-surgical orthodontic treatment for transverse maxillary deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and pain perception of patients undergoing MARPE treatment.

Methods: 42 consecutive patients (9 men, 33 women) from the age of 16 onwards (mean: 27.

Reproducibility of Manual Transfer of the Clinical Natural Head Position: Influence on the Soft Tissue and Hard Tissue Position of 3-Dimensional Virtual Surgical Planning.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of manually transferring the clinical natural head position (NHP) to the 3-dimensional (3D) virtual surgical planning and its subsequent influence on the soft tissue and maxillary hard tissue position.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was set up. The study population consisted of subjects who underwent bimaxillary osteotomies between 2016 and 2020 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Radboud University Medical Centre (Nijmegen, the Netherlands).

Efficacy of Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) in late adolescents and adults with the Dutch Maxillary Expansion Device: a prospective clinical cohort study.

Objectives: To provide a higher degree of evidence on the efficacy of Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) in late adolescents and adults, thereby applying the Dutch Maxillary Expansion Device (D-MED).

Materials And Methods: D-MED was developed as an individualized, 3D-designed, and fabricated MARPE appliance supported by 4 palatal miniscrews. Patients from the age of 16 onwards with transverse maxillary deficiency were enrolled consecutively.

Is the pattern of mandibular asymmetry in mild craniofacial microsomia comparable to non-syndromic class II asymmetry?

Objectives: To compare the characteristics of mandibular asymmetry in patients with unilateral craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and class II asymmetry.

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography of consecutive adults with Pruzansky-Kaban type I and IIA CFM (CFM group) was analyzed by 3D cephalometry. Fourteen mandibular landmarks and two dental landmarks were identified.

Quantitative analysis of aesthetic outcomes of morphofunctional septorhinoplasty for secondary cleft lip nasal deformity.

The main aim of this study was to assess nasal symmetry after morphofunctional septorhinoplasty, more specifically, symmetry of the alar base and nostrils, and nasal projection, in patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft nasal deformities. Secondary cleft rhinoplasty was performed using morphofunctional septorhinoplasty techniques in 150 patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and nose deformities. Nasal changes were analysed by measuring nasal tip projection, nostril height, nostril width, alar base width, and nasal gap area preoperatively and postoperatively on standard submentovertex view 2-dimensional photographs.

Three-dimensional analysis of condylar remodeling and skeletal relapse following LeFort-I osteotomy: A one-year follow-up bicenter study.

The aim of the study was to quantify the postoperative condylar remodeling after Le Fort I surgery. Patients treated with a Le Fort I osteotomy were investigated. CBCT scans were acquired preoperatively, one week and one year postoperatively.

Classification of caries in third molars on panoramic radiographs using deep learning.

The objective of this study is to assess the classification accuracy of dental caries on panoramic radiographs using deep-learning algorithms. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on a reference data set consisted of 400 cropped panoramic images in the classification of carious lesions in mandibular and maxillary third molars, based on the CNN MobileNet V2. For this pilot study, the trained MobileNet V2 was applied on a test set consisting of 100 cropped PR(s).

Three-dimensional virtual planning in mandibular advancement surgery: Soft tissue prediction based on deep learning.

The study aimed at developing a deep-learning (DL)-based algorithm to predict the virtual soft tissue profile after mandibular advancement surgery, and to compare its accuracy with the mass tensor model (MTM). Subjects who underwent mandibular advancement surgery were enrolled and divided into a training group and a test group. The DL model was trained using 3D photographs and CBCT data based on surgically achieved mandibular displacements (training group).

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Condylar Hypoplasia and Facial Asymmetry in Craniofacial Microsomia Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Purpose: To assess the condylar hypoplasia and its correlation with craniofacial deformities in adults with unilateral craniofacial microsomia (CFM).

Methods: Pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography scans of consecutive adults (mean age: 20.4 ± 3.

The role of muscular traction in the occurrence of skeletal relapse after advancement bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO): A systematic review.

The aim of this systematic review was (i) to determine the role of muscular traction in the occurrence of skeletal relapse after advancement BSSO and (ii) to investigate the effect of advancement BSSO on the perimandibular muscles. This systematic review reports in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Electronic database searches were performed in the databases MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library.

Efficacy of Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) in late adolescents and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) is a non-surgical treatment for transverse maxillary deficiency. However, there is limited evidence concerning its efficacy.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of MARPE in late adolescents and adults by assessing success rate and skeletal and dental transverse maxillary expansion, as well as treatment duration, dental and periodontal side effects and soft tissue effects.

Author Correction: One-year postoperative skeletal stability of 3D planned bimaxillary osteotomies: maxilla-first versus mandible-first surgery.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.