Longitudinal Changes in Dietary Supplement Use among United States Military Personnel: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Previous studies investigating temporal changes in dietary supplement (DS) use have used representative samples but have not followed the same cohort over time. This study investigated longitudinal patterns of changes in DS use and factors associated with discontinuing DS use in a single group of active-duty United States military service members (SMs). SMs (n = 5778) completed two identical questionnaires on their DS use and demographic/lifestyle characteristics an average ± standard deviation 1.

Associations between Chronic Medical Conditions and Persistent Dietary Supplement Use: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

This longitudinal study examined associations between chronic medical conditions (CMCs) and persistent dietary supplement (DS) use. On two separate occasions, 1.3 ± 0.

Longitudinal changes in adverse effects reporting in multiple dietary supplement classifications: The US military dietary supplement use study.

Over 70% of United States military service members (SMs) regularly use dietary supplements (DSs) and about 18% have reported adverse effects (AEs) associated with use. This investigation examined longitudinal changes in AEs reporting among DS users. On two separate occasions 1.

The Medical Burden of Obesity and Overweight in the US Military: Association of BMI with Clinically Diagnosed Medical Conditions in United States Military Service Members.

Background: A high BMI is associated with various medical conditions, notably type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mental health disorders. In the US military, BMI increased linearly between 1975 and 2015.

Objective: This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between BMI and a comprehensive range of clinically diagnosed medical conditions (CDMCs) in US military service members (SMs).

Associations between clinically diagnosed medical conditions and dietary supplement use: the US military dietary supplement use study.

Objective: This study examined associations between multiple dietary supplement (DS) categories and medical conditions diagnosed by health professionals.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Volunteers completed an online questionnaire on DS use and demographic/lifestyle factors.

Short sleep duration is associated with a wide variety of medical conditions among United States military service members.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study investigated self-reported sleep duration and its association with a comprehensive range of clinically-diagnosed medical condition categories (CDMCs), as well as the relationship between short sleep duration (≤6 h) and demographic/lifestyle factors, among United States military service members (SMs).

Methods: A stratified random sample of SMs (n = 20,819) completed an online questionnaire on usual daily hours of sleep and demographic/lifestyle characteristics. CDMCs for a six-month period prior to questionnaire completion were obtained from a comprehensive military electronic medical surveillance system and grouped into 33 CDMCs covering both broad and specific medical conditions.

Prescription medication use of United States military service members by therapeutic classification.

This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of, and factors associated with, filled prescription medications (FPMs) among United States (US) service members (SMs). A stratified random sample of active duty SMs from the Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, and Navy was obtained from military workforce records. Participants ( = 26,680) completed a questionnaire on demographics, physical characteristics, and lifestyle factors and approved access to their FPM for the previous 6 months.

Dietary Supplement and Prescription Medication Use Among US Military Service Members With Clinically Diagnosed Medical Conditions: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Background: Use of prescription medications (PMs) with dietary supplements (DSs) can be hazardous because of potential adverse interactions, but patterns of dual use in military service members (SMs) has not been examined.

Objective: Investigate dual use of filled PMs (FPMs) and DSs, factors associated with dual use, and dual use among SMs with clinically diagnosed medical conditions (CDMCs).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Adverse Effects Associated with Multiple Categories of Dietary Supplements: The Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Background: About 50% of Americans and 70% of US military service members (SMs) regularly use dietary supplements (DSs) and some are associated with adverse effects (AEs). SMs are more likely to use unsafe DSs than civilians.

Objective: The aim of this investigation was to examine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, AEs.

Integration of Multiple Surveillance Systems to Track COVID-19 in the U.S. Army Population.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic presented unique challenges for surveillance of the military population, which include active component service members and their family members. Through integrating multiple Department of Defense surveillance systems, the Army Public Health Center can provide near real-time case counts to Army leadership on a daily basis.

Materials And Methods: The incidence of COVID-19 was tracked by incorporating data from the Disease Reporting System Internet, laboratory test results, Commanders' Critical Incidence Reports, reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention military liaison, and media reports.

The cost of lower extremity fractures among active duty U.S. Army soldiers, 2017.

The estimated cost to the Army for lower extremity fractures in 2017 was approximately $116 million. Direct medical expenses totaled $24 million, and indirect medical costs totaled $92 million ($900 thousand lost duty; $91 million limited duty). Foot and toe fractures, along with lower leg and ankle fractures accounted for the majority of soldiers' initial visits for care (n=4,482; 91.

Implementation of a standardized oral screening tool by paediatric cardiologists.

Background: An examination of invasive procedure cancellations found that the lack of pre-procedural oral screening was a preventable cause, for children with congenital heart disease. The purpose of this study was to implement an oral screening tool within the paediatric cardiology clinic, with referral to paediatric dental providers for positive screens. The target population were children aged ≥6 months to <18 years old, being referred for cardiac procedures.

Prevalence of selected underlying health conditions among active component Army service members with coronavirus disease 2019, 11 February-6 April 2020.

The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is exhibiting widespread community transmission throughout most of the world. Previous reports have evaluated the risk of serious illness in civilians diagnosed with COVID-19; however, similar reports have not been compiled for the Army active component (AC) population. COVID-19 has been a reportable condition for the Department of Defense since 5 February 2020, and, as of the morning of 6 April, a total of 873 cases were reported to the Disease Reporting System internet from Army installations.

Incidence, timing, and seasonal patterns of heat illnesses during U.S. Army basic combat training, 2014-2018.

Risk factors for heat illnesses (HIs) among new soldiers include exercise intensity, environmental conditions at the time of exercise, a high body mass index, and conducting initial entry training during hot and humid weather when recruits are not yet acclimated to physical exertion in heat. This study used data from the Defense Health Agency's-Weather-Related Injury Repository to calculate rates and to describe the incidence, timing, and geographic distribution of HIs among soldiers during U.S.

Secular Trends in the Physical Fitness of United States Army Recruits on Entry to Service, 1975-2013.

Knapik, JJ, Sharp, MA, and Steelman, RA. Secular trends in the physical fitness of United States Army recruits on entry to service, 1975-2013. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 2030-2052, 2017-A systematic literature search was conducted to identify and analyze articles that reported on physical fitness of new US Army recruits.

Demographic factors associated with dietary supplement prescriptions filled by United States Military Service Members 2005-2013.

Background: Dietary supplements (DSs) can be purchased over-the-counter but may also be prescribed by medical personnel for specific therapeutic reasons. Few studies have examined this latter source of DSs despite the fact that 79% of physicians and 82% of nurses have recommended DSs to their patients. This investigation examined demographic factors associated with temporal trends in oral DS prescriptions filled by all United States (US) service members (SMs) from 2005 to 2013 (n = 1,427,080 ± 22,139, mean ± standard deviation per year).

Risk Factors for Injuries During Military Static-Line Airborne Operations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective:  To identify and analyze articles in which the authors examined risk factors for soldiers during military static-line airborne operations.

Data Sources:  We searched for articles in PubMed, the Defense Technical Information Center, reference lists, and other sources using the key words airborne, parachuting, parachutes, paratrooper, injuries, wounds, trauma, and musculoskeletal.

Study Selection:  The search identified 17 684 potential studies.

Importance of external cause coding for injury surveillance: lessons from assessment of overexertion injuries among U.S. Army soldiers in 2014.

Injuries are a barrier to military medical readiness, and overexertion has historically been a leading mechanism of injury among active duty U.S. Army soldiers.