[Corrigendum] Anti‑carcinogenic properties of omeprazole against human colon cancer cells and azoxymethane‑induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats.

Following the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that certain of the in vitro image panels shown in Fig. 3B (featuring the effects of adding five different concentrations of omeprazole on acridine orange/ethidium bromide‑stained HCA‑7 cells) and Fig. 4 (showing western blotting experiments) on p.

Stimulating the posterior parietal cortex reduces self-reported risk-taking propensity in people with tobacco use disorder.

Previous research has identified a replicable role for the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in risk behaviors, but it is unclear whether this relationship is causal. Here, we used a targeted neuromodulation protocol leveraging a single-session of 10-Hz rTMS to the PPC versus a control region in the visual cortex (V5), as well as two active comparison regions [superior frontal gyrus (SFG), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)] (within-person, randomized order), to examine within-session changes in a comprehensive measure of self-reported risk-taking propensity (the Domain-Specific Risk-Taking or DOSPERT scale). Individuals with tobacco use disorder were selected as sample participants who present with clinically relevant risk-taking propensity ( = 50; 14 women, mean [] age=33.

Case report: Tremor in the placebo condition of a blinded clinical trial of intermittent theta-burst stimulation for cocaine use disorder.

We report a case of a new-onset, persistent tremor that developed during a clinical trial (NCT02927236) of intermittent theta burst stimulation [iTBS, a form of repetitive magnetic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)] for cocaine use disorder. Although the participant exhibited an exceptionally strong clinical response, subsequent unblinding revealed that they received sham iTBS. This case highlights the potential for strong functional neurological placebo responses in rTMS trials, and functional disorders might be a marker of a placebo response.

Functional and structural effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: A systematic review.

Background: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a disabling symptom for people with schizophrenia (SCZ), and do not always respond to antipsychotics. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown efficacy for medication-refractory AVH, though the underlying neural mechanisms by which rTMS produces these effects remain unclear. This systematic review evaluated the structural and functional impact of rTMS for AVH in SCZ, and its association with clinical outcomes.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuromodulation therapies for substance use disorders.

While pharmacological, behavioral and psychosocial treatments are available for substance use disorders (SUDs), they are not always effective or well-tolerated. Neuromodulation (NM) methods, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) may address SUDs by targeting addiction neurocircuitry. We evaluated the efficacy of NM to improve behavioral outcomes in SUDs.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Reducing the Relative Reinforcing Value of Food in Adult Patients With Obesity Pursuing Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Protocol for a Pilot, Within-Participants, Sham-Controlled Trial.

Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the most effective and durable obesity treatment. However, there is heterogeneity in weight outcomes, which is partially attributed to variability in appetite and eating regulation. Patients with a strong desire to eat in response to the reward of palatable foods are more likely to overeat and experience suboptimal outcomes.

Participatory design of a sleep intervention with correctional supervisors using a root causes approach.

Background: After a Design Team (DT) conducted a workforce health assessment of correctional supervisors, they selected sleep as an intervention priority, given its numerous health and work consequences. Existing workplace sleep interventions are designed with little worker input, but participatory solutions that incorporate workers' lived experiences and root causes of poor sleep may be more relevant, appropriate, and acceptable to end-users, resulting in better uptake.

Methods: The DT met bi-monthly to complete the Intervention Design and Analysis Scorecard (IDEAS) tool to brainstorm interventions that address root causes of poor sleep, and evaluate, rank, and select interventions for implementation.

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt-associated surgical site infection with three-month versus twelve-month surveillance periods in Canadian hospitals.

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt-associated surgical site infection surveillance for 3 months compared to 12 months after surgery captures 83% of cases with no significant differences in patient characteristics, surgery types, or pathogens. A shorter 3-month follow-up can reduce resource use and allow for more timely reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates for hospitals.

Synbiotic containing extensively hydrolyzed formula improves gastrointestinal and atopic symptom severity, growth, caregiver quality of life, and hospital-related healthcare use in infants with cow's milk allergy.

Background: Healthy gut microbiota is important for prognosis in cow's milk allergy (CMA). The application of synbiotics (specific pre- and probiotics) in extensively hydrolyzed formulae (eHFs) is a relatively new concept.

Aims: To evaluate a synbiotic-containing, whey-based eHF (SeHF) with galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharides, and bifidobacterium breve M-16V in infants with CMA.

Neuromodulation to Treat Substance Use Disorders in People With Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses: A Systematic Review.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a common yet poorly studied comorbidity in individuals with psychotic disorders. The co-occurrence of the two complicates recovery and interferes with pharmacological and behavioral treatment response and adherence. Recently, researchers have been exploring both invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation techniques as potential treatment methods for SUDs.

Antenatal Care Research in East Africa During the Millennium Development Goals Initiative: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: The global burden of maternal mortality remains high and inequitably distributed between countries. Antenatal care (ANC) was identified as critical component in achieving the Millennium Development Goal of improving maternal health. This scoping review aimed to summarize trends and critically explore research about ANC attendance for East African women conducted during the Millennium Development Goals initiative, with a specific focus on barriers to ANC access.

Are Indigenous research principles incorporated into maternal health research? A scoping review of the global literature.

Background: Indigenous women world-wide are diverse and heterogenous, yet many have similar experiences of colonization, land dispossession, and discrimination. These experiences along with inequitable access to, and quality of, maternal healthcare increase adverse maternal health outcomes. To improve health outcomes for Indigenous women, studies must be conducted with Indigenous involvement and reflect Indigenous research principles.

Comparisons of In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility Assays for Phosphorus in Feline Diets and Associations with Dietary Nutrient Content.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient; however, potential health impacts of high dietary levels of added soluble, highly bioavailable P salts especially are a concern. P sources with lower bioavailability are considered safer. Yet, speciation of different P sources to assess diets' risk to health is challenging.

Phonological processing in psychopathic offenders.

Recent research has demonstrated that psychopathic offenders exhibit dynamic cognitive and behavioral deficits on a variety of lab tasks that differentially activate left hemisphere resources. The Left Hemisphere Activation (LHA) hypothesis is a cognitive perspective that aims to address these deficits by conceptualizing psychopathy as a disorder in which behavior and cognitive processing change dynamically as a function of the differential taxation of left hemisphere resources. This study aimed to investigate whether psychopathic traits are associated with electrophysiological anomalies under conditions that place differential demands on left hemisphere language processing systems.

Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole Suppresses Carcinogen-induced Colonic Adenoma Progression to Adenocarcinoma in F344 Rat.

Colorectal cancer causes over 53,000 deaths annually in the United States. Its rising incidences worldwide and particularly in young adults is a major concern. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of omeprazole that is clinically approved for treating acid reflux, to enable its repurposing for colorectal cancer prevention.

Treating cocaine and opioid use disorder with transcranial magnetic stimulation: A path forward.

Developing new, effective treatments for substance use disorders (SUDs), especially cocaine and opioid use disorders (CUD and OUD), are of immense importance. These are chronic, relapsing brain diseases characterized by dysregulated circuits manifesting from neuroplastic change brought on by repeated exposure to substances of abuse. A potential treatment is therapeutically inducing neuroplastic change in targeted dysregulated circuits.

Factors influencing antenatal care attendance for Bakiga and Indigenous Batwa women in Kanungu District, Southwestern Uganda.

Introduction: The number of maternal deaths remains high in sub-Saharan Africa. Effective antenatal care (ANC) reduces maternal morbidity and mortality; therefore, provision of improved antenatal care services has been prioritised across sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, research is limited on the ANC experiences of Indigenous women in sub-Saharan Africa.

Detection and Distribution of Viruses Infecting Garlic Crops in Australia.

The distribution of viruses in eastern Australian field garlic was evaluated. Detection assays were developed that involved generic RT-PCR for viruses in the , and genera followed by virus-specific colorimetric dot-blot hybridization. Assays targeted the potyviruses (onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), shallot yellow stripe virus (SYSV), and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV)), the carlaviruses (garlic common latent virus (GCLV) and shallot latent virus (SLV)), and the allexiviruses (garlic viruses A, B, C, X (GarVA, -B, -C, -X) and shallot virus X (ShVX)).

Participatory survey design of a workforce health needs assessment for correctional supervisors.

Introduction: The correctional workforce experiences persistent health problems, and interventions designed with worker participation show favorable outcomes. However, participatory intervention research often leaves workers out of the health needs assessment, the basis of interventions subsequently developed. This omission risks failure to detect factors contributing to the health and is less likely to result in primary prevention interventions.

Systematic review on estimated rates of nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity in patients treated with polymyxins.

Background: Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity are commonly associated with polymyxin treatment; however, the emergence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria with limited therapeutic options has resulted in increased use of polymyxins.

Objectives: To determine the rates of nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity during polymyxin treatment and whether any factors influence these.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched on 2 January 2020.