Patient and Provider Characteristics Associated with Receipt of Image-guided Interventions for Low Back Pain.

Background And Purpose: Low back pain commonly causes disability, often managed with conservative image-guided interventions before surgery. Research has documented racial disparities with these and other non-pharmacologic treatments. We posited that individual chart reviews may provide insight into the disparity of care types through documented patient/provider discussions and their effect on treatment plans.

Narcotic Consumption Analysis among Severely Injured and Advanced Aged Trauma Patients.

Background: Multimodal pain management has been shown to be effective in treating pain in acutely injured trauma patients. Our community-based, level 1 trauma center previously published in 2022 the efficacy of implementing multimodal pain control (MMPC) protocol in our inpatient trauma population which decreased the use of opioids while maintaining similar pain control. The MMPC group had a trend toward higher age and was significantly less injured.

Response to comment on "Policy impacts of statistical uncertainty and privacy".

We offer our thanks to the authors for their thoughtful comments. Cui, Gong, Hannig, and Hoffman propose a valuable improvement to our method of estimating lost entitlements due to data error. Because we don't have access to the unknown, "true" number of children in poverty, our paper simulates data error by drawing counterfactual estimates from a normal distribution around the official, published poverty estimates, which we use to calculate lost entitlements relative to the official allocation of funds.

Utility of Abbreviated Small Bowel Follow Through Study in the Management of Small Bowel Obstruction.

Introduction: Small bowel obstruction is a common surgical complaint. Most small bowel obstructions are managed successfully nonoperatively. Unanimous guidelines for nonoperative management of small bowel obstruction do not exist.

Policy impacts of statistical uncertainty and privacy.

Funding formula reform may help address unequal impacts of uncertainty from data error and privacy protections.

Crowdsourcing triggers rapid, reliable earthquake locations.

In many cases, it takes several minutes after an earthquake to publish online a seismic location with confidence. Via monitoring for specific types of increased website, app, or Twitter usage, crowdsourced detection of seismic activity can be used to "seed" the search in the seismic data for an earthquake and reduce the risk of false detections, thereby accelerating the publication of locations for felt earthquakes. We demonstrate that this low-cost approach can work at the global scale to produce reliable and rapid results.

Proteins of TNF-α and IL6 Pathways Are Elevated in Serum of Type-1 Diabetes Patients with Microalbuminuria.

Soluble cytokine receptors may play an important role in development of microalbuminuria (MA) in type-1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we measured 12 soluble receptors and ligands from TNF-α/IL6/IL2 pathways in T1D patients with MA ( = 89) and T1D patients without MA ( = 483) participating in the PAGODA study. Twelve proteins in the sera from T1D patients with and without MA were measured using multiplex Luminex assays.

Globotriaosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb) as a biomarker for cardiac variant (N215S) Fabry disease.

Fabry disease (FD) is a multi-systemic X-linked lysosomal disorder caused by the deficient activity of α-galactosidase-A enzyme, which leads to accumulation of glycosphingolipids in various body tissues. The N215S mutation is a known variant of FD, with a late onset cardiac phenotype. Consensus guidelines acknowledged the use of globotriaosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb) as a diagnostic marker for classical FD but its utility for cardiac variant FD is not clear.

Large-Scale Discovery and Validation Studies Demonstrate Significant Reductions in Circulating Levels of IL8, IL-1Ra, MCP-1, and MIP-1β in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.

Context: Previous studies have attempted to elucidate the potential role of various cytokines and chemokines in human type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, the precise role of these serum proteins in T1D is still controversial and undetermined primarily due to the small sample sizes of the previous studies. We profiled a panel of serum cytokines and chemokines using a large-scale, two-stage study design for the discovery and validation of the serum proteins associated with T1D.

Participants: The participants were patients with T1D and islet autoantibody-negative control subjects from the Phenome and Genome of Diabetes Autoimmunity study.

Surgical approach to a rare case of double-outlet right ventricle and aortopulmonary window.

Although the spectrum of physiology seen in infants and children with double-outlet right ventricle is broad, this anatomy in combination with an aortopulmonary window is extremely rare. We present an interesting case of an infant prenatally diagnosed with this rare CHD. To our knowledge, this is the first report of complete repair in the neonatal period for such a combination of defects.

Baseline characteristics and concerns of female cancer patients/survivors seeking treatment at a Female Sexual Medicine Program.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to characterize patients seeking treatment at a Female Sexual Medicine and Women's Health Program and examine their sexual/vaginal health issues.

Methods: Data from clinical assessment forms were extracted from 509 women referred to the Female Sexual Medicine and Women's Health Program during/after cancer treatment. The form consists of a Vaginal Assessment Scale (VAS), vaginal health items, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) (Sexual Activity Questionnaire [SAQ], Sexual Self-Schema Scale [SSS], Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]), and exploratory items.

Caucasion allied health students' attitudes towards African Americans: implications for instruction and research.

In order to determine Caucasian allied health student racial attitudes towards the African American population, students and faculty of a Southern school of allied health professions were surveyed using the Racial Argument Scale (RAS). A one way ANOVA found a significant difference between allied health programs, p = .008, and post hoc testing found the Occupational Therapy Program's scores to be significantly lower (less negative towards Blacks) than the Physical Therapy and Physician Assistant Program's scores (p = .

Discussing safe sexual practices during cancer treatment.

Physical intimacy can contribute significantly to a person's well-being, but oncology clinicians rarely discuss sexuality with their patients. Lack of knowledge and personal discomfort are widely acknowledged barriers. This article addresses these barriers by outlining steps patients can take during treatment to ensure safe sexual activity.

The effects of an instructional intervention on racial attitude formation in occupational therapy students.

The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effect of a 9-week instructional intervention designed to increase 24 Caucasian American occupational therapy students' awareness of personal racial attitudes toward African Americans. The learning content focused on specific cognitive-perceptual biases thought to play a role in the formation of racial attitudes. A pre- to posttest implicit measure of racial bias indicated an increase in bias in some students following the intervention and a decrease of bias in others.

The expression of inflammatory genes is upregulated in peripheral blood of patients with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: Our previous gene expression microarray studies identified a number of genes differentially expressed in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and islet autoantibody-positive subjects. This study was designed to validate these gene expression changes in T1D patients and to identify gene expression changes in diabetes complications. RESEARCH DESIGH AND METHODS: We performed high-throughput real-time RT-PCR to validate gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a large sample set of 928 T1D patients and 922 control subjects.

Extremely sub-wavelength THz metal-dielectric wire microcavities.

We demonstrate minimal volume wire THz metal-dielectric micro-cavities, in which all but one dimension have been reduced to highly sub-wavelength values. The smallest cavity features an effective volume of 0.4 µm(3), which is ~5.

Monolithically integrated heterodyne optical phase-lock loop with RF XOR phase detector.

We present results for an heterodyne optical phase-lock loop (OPLL), monolithically integrated on InP with external phase detector and loop filter, which phase locks the integrated laser to an external source, for offset frequencies tuneable between 0.6 GHz and 6.1 GHz.

Discovery and validation of serum protein changes in type 1 diabetes patients using high throughput two dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and immunoassays.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is expected to cause significant changes in the serum proteome; however, few studies have systematically assessed the proteomic profile change associated with the disease. In this study, a semiquantitative spectral counting-based two dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platform was used to analyze serum samples from T1D patients and controls. In this discovery phase, significant differences were found for 21 serum proteins implicated in inflammation, oxidation, metabolic regulation, and autoimmunity.

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in sera of patients with type 1 diabetes and diabetic complications.

Background: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), commonly known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases characterized by monocytic infiltration. However, limited data have been reported on MCP-1 in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the findings are inconclusive and inconsistent.

Methods: In this study, MCP-1 was measured in the sera from 2,472 T1D patients and 2,654 healthy controls using a Luminex assay.

The rural hospital doctors workforce in New Zealand.

Introduction: The sustainability of New Zealand's rural hospitals has been in question for some years. Increasingly, clinical services have been centralised and specialist staff have moved to bigger centres. As well as clinical services, the governance of these hospitals has shifted, often due to a shortage of vocationally registered medical practitioners available to lead the clinical services.

Association between type 1 diabetes and GWAS SNPs in the southeast US Caucasian population.

The present study was conducted to assess genetic associations for type 1 diabetes (T1D) reported in previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A total of 21 previously reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by TaqMan assays in 1434 Caucasian T1D patients and 1864 normal controls from Georgia. Analysis of the samples identified 18 SNPs (PTPN22, INS, IFIH1, SH2B3, ERBB3, CTLA4, C14orf181, CTSH, CLEC16A, CD69, ITPR3, C6orf173, SKAP2, PRKCQ, RNLS, IL27, SIRPG and CTRB2) with putative association.

A comparison study of continuous insulin infusion protocols in the medical intensive care unit: computer-guided vs. standard column-based algorithms.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of continuous insulin infusion (CII) via a computer-guided and a standard paper form protocol in a medical intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: Multicenter randomized trial of 153 ICU patients randomized to CII using the Glucommander (n = 77) or a standard paper protocol (n = 76). Both protocols used glulisine insulin and targeted blood glucose (BG) between 80 mg/dL and 120 mg/dL.