Response to a low-energy meal replacement plan on glycometabolic profile and reverse cardiac remodelling in type 2 diabetes: a comparison between South Asians and White Europeans.

Background: South Asians (SA) constitute a quarter of the global population and are disproportionally affected by both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and heart failure. There remains limited data of the acceptability and efficacy of low-energy meal replacement plans to induce remission of T2D in SA.

Objectives: The objective of this exploratory secondary analysis of the DIASTOLIC study was to determine if there was a differential uptake, glycometabolic and cardiovascular response to a low-energy meal replacement plan (MRP) between SA and White European (WE) people with T2D.

Sedentary Time Is Independently Related to Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance in Adults With or at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: This cross-sectional study examined associations of device-measured sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with adipose tissue insulin resistance in people with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Method: Data were combined from six previous experimental studies (within our group) involving patients with T2DM or primary risk factors (median (interquartile range) age, 66.2 (66.

Fibro-inflammatory recovery and type 2 diabetes remission following a low calorie diet but not exercise training: A secondary analysis of the DIASTOLIC randomised controlled trial.

Aims: To investigate the relationship between fibro-inflammatory biomarkers and cardiovascular structure/function in people with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) compared to healthy controls and the effect of two lifestyle interventions in T2D.

Methods: Data were derived from the DIASTOLIC randomised controlled trial (RCT) and includes a comparison between those with T2D and the matched healthy volunteers recruited at baseline. Adults with T2D without cardiovascular disease (CVD) were randomized to a 12-week intervention either: (1) exercise training, (2) a low-energy (∼810 kcal/day) meal-replacement plan (MRP) or (3) standard care.

Interrelationship between micronutrients and cardiovascular structure and function in type 2 diabetes.

Micronutrients are important for normal cardiovascular function. They may play a role in the increased risk of cardiovascular disease observed in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T2D-related heart failure. The aims of this study were to (1) examine micronutrient status in people with T2D healthy controls; (2) assess any changes following a nutritionally complete meal replacement plan (MRP) compared with routine care; (3) determine if any changes were associated with changes in cardiovascular structure/function.

Evaluation of an 8-Week Vegan Diet on Plasma Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Postchallenge Glucose in Adults with Dysglycemia or Obesity.

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite generated by the gut in response (in part) to meat consumption, is linked to poor cardiometabolic health.

Objectives: We investigate the effect of an 8-week vegan diet, followed by a 4-week period of unrestricted diet, on glucose tolerance and plasma TMAO in human omnivores with obesity or dysglycemia.

Methods: This interventional single-group prospective trial involved 23 regular meat eaters with dysglycemia [glycated hemoglobin ≥ 5.

Associations between physical activity and trimethylamine -oxide in those at risk of type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Trimethylamine -oxide (TMAO) has been identified as a novel gut-derived molecule that is associated with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the relationship between TMAO and physical activity is not well understood. This study prospectively investigates the association between TMAO and objectively assessed physical activity in a population at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Effects of Low-Energy Diet or Exercise on Cardiovascular Function in Working-Age Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Blinded End Point Trial.

Objective: To confirm the presence of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in working-age adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and determine whether this is improved by a low-energy meal replacement diet (MRP) or exercise training.

Research Design And Methods: This article reports on a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point trial with nested case-control study. Asymptomatic younger adults with T2D were randomized 1:1:1 to a 12-week intervention of ) routine care, ) supervised aerobic exercise training, or ) a low-energy (∼810 kcal/day) MRP.

Walking pace improves all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk prediction: A UK Biobank prognostic study.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to quantify and rank the prognostic relevance of dietary, physical activity and physical function factors in predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in comparison with the established risk factors included in the European Society of Cardiology Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE).

Methods: We examined the predictive discrimination of lifestyle measures using C-index and R in sex-stratified analyses adjusted for: model 1, age; model 2, SCORE variables (age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).

Results: The sample comprised 298,829 adults (median age, 57 years; 53.

Relevance of physical function in the association of red and processed meat intake with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.

Background And Aims: Intake of red and processed meat has been associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality; it is unknown whether these associations are modified by overall physical health. This study examined the associations of red and processed meat consumption with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality and investigated whether markers of physical function modified the associations.

Methods And Results: This observational cohort study used UK Biobank data derived from 419,075 participants free from cancer and cardiovascular disease.