Rezūm water vapor therapy for the treatment of patients with urinary retention and permanent catheter dependence secondary to benign prostate hyperplasia: a systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: Recurrent urinary retention due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), requiring permanent catheterization, represents one of the most challenging issues geriatric patients can face. Rezūm, as a minimal invasive treatment for BPH, takes the advantage of sterile water vapor injections directly into the prostate. The purpose of this Systematic Review is to report the safety and the efficacy of Rezūm regarding urinary retention relief and permanent catheter withdrawal.

Initial experience in combined ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy with the use of 120-W laser and the anti-retropulsion "Moses effect": the future of percutaneous nephrolithotomy?

The purpose is to present our preliminary results where ultra-mini PCNL (UMPCNL) with the new 120-watt laser with the anti-retropulsion (Lumenis® MOSES Pulse™120H Holmium: YAG laser) was used for the first time to our knowledge. Twelve patients underwent ultra-mini PCNL in prone position under general anesthesia using a 12-F nephroscope with a 14-F Access sheath in our tertiary center. The fragmentation was performed with a 500 μm laser fiber using the 120-watt Lumenis® MOSES Pulse™120H Holmium: YAG laser).

Factors Predicting Operating Room Time in Ureteroscopy and Ureterorenoscopy.

Backgrounds/aims: Operation room (OR) time is of great value affecting surgical outcome, complications and the daily surgical program with financial implications.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 570 consecutive patients submitted to ureteroscopy or ureterorenoscopy for the treatment of ureteral or renal stones. Demographic parameters, patient's stones characteristics, type of ureteroscope, surgeon experience and surgical theater characteristics were analyzed.

Will Stone Density Stop Being a Key Factor in Endourology? The Impact of Stone Density on Laser Time Using Lumenis Laser p120w and Standard 20 W Laser: A Comparative Study.

Ureteroscopy is the gold standard for most urinary tract calculi. Our institute recently incorporated a powerful 120 W holmium laser machine integrating innovative technology (Lumenis MOSES Pulse120H Holmium:YAG laser; Lumenis Ltd.).

Is emergency percutaneous antegrade drainage of the upper urinary tract useful for future percutaneous nephrolithotomy access?

Purpose: To compare percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) operations between patients with a preoperative nephrostomy tube and patients that the renal access was obtained at the time of the surgery.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated PCNL cases. Patients were divided into two groups.

"Stoneless" or Negative Ureteroscopy: A Reality in the Endourologic Routine or Avoidable Source of Frustration? Estimating the Risk Factors for a Negative Ureteroscopy.

Introduction: A "Negative" ureteroscopy (URS) is defined as a URS in which no stone is found during the procedure. It may occur when the stone has already been passed spontaneously or when it is located outside the collecting system. The aim of the study was to outline risk factors for Negative-URS.

Does Retrograde Treatment of Upper Urinary Tract Stones Necessitate Postoperative Upper Urinary Tract Drainage? Conclusions from More Than 500 Single Center Consecutive Cases.

Background And Purpose: Temporary drainage of the upper urinary tract after ureterorenoscopy for the treatment of urinary stones is almost a routine in endourologic practice. In these cases, a Double-J stent (DJS) is left for 7 or more days. In borderline cases, a ureteral catheter attached to the urethral catheter may be left for 24-48 hours.

Single lower calyceal percutaneous tract combined with flexible nephroscopy: A valuable treatment paradigm for staghorn stones.

Introduction: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of single lower calyceal tract combined with flexible nephroscopy for the management of staghorn renal stones by percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the management of staghorn stones were analyzed. We included patients aged >18 years, while patients with incomplete data and renal anatomical anomalies were excluded from the study.

Bladder cancer to patients younger than 30 years: a retrospective study and review of the literature.

Objectives: The aim of this report was to study the specific characteristics of bladder cancer in patients younger than 30 years.

Materials And Methods: Five patients with a mean age of 24 ± 2.83 years were included in the study.

Immunotherapy options for painful bladder syndrome: what's the potential?

Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC) is an enigmatic disease characterized by lack of evidence-based knowledge and an ongoing scientific debate regarding its definition, pathogenesis, diagnostic and treatment algorithm. An autoimmune theory for PBS/IC etiology has suggested immunotherapy as a potential treatment choice. Areas covered: In this review, the authors report existing and future immunotherapeutic options, potentially valuable to the management of PBS/IC while evidence for the immunological aspect of PBS/IC pathogenesis are also presented.

Stones in special situations.

There are several special situations in which urinary lithiasis presents management challenges to the urologist. An in-depth knowledge of the pathophysiology, unique anatomy, and treatment options is crucial in order to maintain good health in these patients. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the management of the following scenarios: bladder stones, stones in bowel disease, during pregnancy, in association with renal anomalies, with skeletal deformities, in urinary diversions, and in children.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in a Patient with Mainz Pouch II Urinary Diversion: A Case Report.

Mainz pouch II is a reliable and viable technique of continent urinary diversion. Patients are at increased risk of long-term complications including urolithiasis of the upper urinary tract and reservoir. We report the case of a 67-year-old male with prior Mainz pouch II due to invasive bladder cancer treated for a large renal calculus.

Retrograde versus Antegrade Approach for the Management of Large Proximal Ureteral Stones.

. To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of retrograde versus antegrade ureteroscopic lithotripsy for the treatment of large proximal ureteral stones. .

In the search of novel urine biomarkers for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Intracellular or secreted proteins as the target group? Where and how to search for possible biomarkers useful in the everyday clinical practice.

Objective: To search which category of proteins can be detected in urine in order to examine subsequently its ability to improve our accuracy for the diagnosis of Prostate Cancer (PCa) as biomarkers in clinical useful fluids like urine and serum. Material and method(s): Urine samples of 127 patients were obtained after a vigorous transrectal prostatic massage to both lobes. The patients were considered to have a high risk for PCa according to their PSA (> 4 ng/ml), their digital rectal examination (DRE) (positive for suspicious prostatic lesions) or to their abnormal PSA kinetics (PSA velocity (PSAV > 0.

Interobserver Reliability and Reproducibility of the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Nomogram in Predicting Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Results.

Objective: To assess interobserver reliability and reproducibility of the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) nephrolithometric nomogram.

Patients And Methods: Preoperative data and postoperative outcomes of 100 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy were obtained. Patients' data were reviewed separately by 4 independent urologists of different academic level: an experienced attending endourologist, a graduated fellow, a young fellow, and a resident.

External validation of Resorlu-Unsal stone score as predictor of outcomes after retrograde intrarenal surgery.

Purpose: To externally validate Resorlu-Unsal stone score (RUSS) and to evaluate its predictive accuracy.

Methods: Data of patients who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) between October 2013 and June 2015 were collected. RUSS was applied to all patients, and the nomogram was externally validated.

Primary adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicles. A review of the literature.

Primary adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicles (SV) are extremely rare and approximately only 60 cases have been reported in the literature. Due to the lack of specific symptoms the patients often present in an advanced stage of their disease. The only clinical examination that can indicate the presence of a neoplasm in the SVs is the digital rectal examination (DRE).

Late ureteral obstruction in an adult who had STING/Teflon in childhood: Should we expect an epidemic?

We present a case of left renal colic in a 25-year-old female patient. She had subureteral injection of Teflon (STING) at the age of 10 due to vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) disease and recurrent urinary tract infections. Renal colic was the result of late ureteral obstruction due to Teflon-induced periureteral foreign body reaction.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn stones: Which nomogram can better predict postoperative outcomes?

Purpose: To identify independent predictors for postoperative stone-free status after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for staghorn stones and to compare Guy's, CROES and STONE nomograms regarding their predictive ability and accuracy specifically for staghorn stones.

Methods: Data of 286 patients who underwent PCNL in our department were collected and analyzed. Several parameters, including the three nomograms, were analyzed to reveal independent predictors for postoperative stone-free status.

History of Ureteral Stenting Negatively Affects the Outcomes of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy. Results of a Matched-pair Analysis.

To evaluate the impact of ureteral stenting history to the outcomes of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, we retrospectively analysed patients who underwent shockwave lithotripsy with Dornier Gemini lithotripter between September 2010 and August 2012. Forty seven patients (group A) who had a double J stent which was removed just before the procedure were matched-paired with another 47 patients (group B) who underwent shockwave lithotripsy having no stent history. The correlation between ureteral stenting history and stone-free rates was assessed.

Comparing the efficacy and safety of 365- and 550-μm laser fibers in semirigid ureteroscopic Ho:YAG lithotripsy.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of 365- and 550-μm Ho:YAG laser fiber in semirigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy and to identify parameters that may affect laser energy and time during the procedure.

Methods: A database of 111 patients who undergone a semirigid ureteroscopy (SRURS) for ureteral stone lithotripsy was analyzed. A 365-μm core fiber was used in 56 cases, and a multiple-uses 550-μm laser fiber was used in 55 cases.

External Validation of CROES Nephrolithometry as a Preoperative Predictive System for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Outcomes.

Purpose: We externally validated CROES (Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society) nephrolithometry and evaluated the predictive accuracy of the nomogram.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected on patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy between January 2012 and February 2015. The CROES nomogram was applied to all patients and externally validated.

Evaluating Parameters Affecting Fluoroscopy Time During Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Focus on the Predictive Role of Guy's, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES Scoring Systems.

Objective: To identify parameters predicting prolonged fluoroscopy time (FT) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and to evaluate the predictive ability of Guy's stone score, S.T.O.