[Use of ACS-ENOFIT system for mass-scale examinations].

Typical procedures for introduction of the ACS-ENOFIT system into use in medical institutions are considered. The ACS-ENOFIT system can be used for health status monitoring on the basis of analysis of standard peripheral blood count.

[An approach to decreasing the dose load in prophylactic X-ray examination].

The concept of small radiation dose is uncertain. Usually, doses below 300 mSv are considered as small. In this work, a mathematical approach is used to consider changes in peripheral blood count caused by exposure to an effective dose below 1 mSv.

[Analytical-equipment method for the estimation of the organism health condition and all it's systems after radiation].

Software for estimation of the health state of human body and its systems on the basis of blood parameters is described. The software uses ACS-ENOFIT analytical model based on image recognition theory and cluster analysis. This analytical method makes it possible to assess the state of patient's health and the state of each of the 10 body systems.

[Dynamic health state control in personnel of the Radiology Department of Bryansk Regional Oncological Dispensary].

The health state of personnel of the Radiology Department of Bryansk Regional Oncological Dispensary before and after Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster is analyzed using an automated classifying system. The system operation is based on analysis of peripheral blood count.

[An analytical evaluation of the peripheral blood charging parameters on the condition of the organism and its systems].

Potentialities of analyzing the health condition of human organism and of its separate systems, i.e. digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, etc.

[Application of an analytical method for processing peripheral blood tests to establish the effect of low-dose radiation on the body].

The condition of the body subjected to low radiation doses was studied by using an automatic classification system. It was for the first time, that a scheme of action within the range of 1-1.5 mSv/y was described.

[Analysis in changes in health status as a result of irradiation with low doses of ionizing radiation].

The first part of this paper is published in the journal "Meditsinskaya Tekhnika" (Medical Engineering), No. 2, 2002. The paper analyzes the data available in the literature and the authors' own findings relating to the effects of small-dosage ionizing radiation on the human health status and on biological objects.

[Analysis of the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation].

The paper analyzes the data available in the literature and the authors' own findings relating to the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on biological objects, which confirm a higher likelihood of general somatic diseases upon exposure to small dosages (as low as 200 meq).

[Use of an automated classifying system for the dispensary system of the population].

While processing blood values by an automatic classifying system, human beings can be divided into healthy (normal) and unhealthy (ill) persons. In so doing, one can evaluate the status of the body's individual systems (gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs, locomotor apparatus, heart and vessels, urinary, endocrine, hemopoietic, and female genital organs, the central nervous system), which allows a physician to find a source of poor health from the very onset of disease.

[Monitoring the changes of the lesion and of the patient's health condition in the course of radiotherapy].

The effect of therapy of malignancies is at present monitored by X-ray procedures on the basis of the dynamics of the size of lesion. Since such approach fails to provide data on the structure of lesion changes and response to treatment, it is suggested that structural changes in cells of exposed tissues can by monitored by using densitometric data obtained from mammograms and (computed) tomograms, to assess density changes in tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Recovery involves certain systemic changes which can be identified using certain peripheral blood indices; the latter are evaluated using non-statistical applications of the theory of pattern recognition and cluster analysis.

[The shaping of radiation doses and of dose-effect curves for patients undergoing x-ray studies].

Human peripheral blood values are used to define an effective dose at X-ray study. Processing is made on a technical unit comprising a blood analyzer and a computer supplied by a so-called automatic classifying system. The program is based on the recognition of images with nonstatistical assessment.

[Device-aided determination of an effective dose in x-ray studies].

The paper proposes how to determine an effective radiation dose for patients undergone X-ray examinations, which includes the estimation of the size of a field while measuring the superficial dose and the assessment of an experiment protocol by taking into account the X-ray receiver used to measure exposure.

[Control of effective doses in x-ray studies].

Developing the controlling techniques for dose loads in patients has led to the introduction of methods for evaluating the new dosimetric value an effective dose. When it is determined, regular refinement of calculating multiples causes errors as hundredths of a percent. Therefore, in addition to tabulated techniques of evaluating the effective dose and direct measurement of the dose absorbed per radiation area, one can determine midpoint exposure of an X-ray feeding device and use a translating program implemented in the Indor-C indicating device designed by the authors.

[Quantitative method of assessing the effectiveness of radiotherapy of malignant neoplasms based on computerized tomography data].

Computed tomography assesses the linear coefficient of X-ray radiation decrease in the tissue and hence determines changes in its density thus allowing one to control the destruction of tumor cells and tissues during treatment. The paper proposes a procedure for determining the sizes and density of a tumor along the chosen linear direction crossing the image of a pathological focus. The whole procedure is performed by the special computer programme "Diaglmag".

[Quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of radiotherapy].

The paper proposes a procedure for processing computed tomograms, which records changes in the density and size of the tissue portion exposed to radiation within the preset cross section of layers. Examples of management of 4 patients with various tumorous processes on radiation therapy are presented. The procedure of computed diagnostic processing of computed tomograms gives rather new quantitative information on the changes occurring in the pathological focus and its adjacent healthy tissues, which may lead to the efficiency of radiation therapy.

[Use of a program package for comparison of radiographic images of tissues during treatment].

The paper outlines some possibilities of evaluating the status of tissues with a software package in order to judge the efficiency of conservative treatment. The results are substantiated on the basis of clinical and experimental findings.

[Metrological support of clinical dosimetry].

The main requirement for the dosimetric support of radiation therapy for cancer disease is the necessity of keeping the high accuracy of dosimetric planning of radiation therapy. This dosimetric planning involves a number of components including the measurement of the supporting dose, the establishment of a correct orientation of a primary beam, the receipt of accurate data on the distribution of organs and tissues in the radiation area. In fact, in all the above components there are errors in the estimation of the basic values, which totally determine the total error in the dosimetric planning of radiation therapy.

[Use of x-ray scanning densitometry and computerized tomography in the evaluation of the effect of tumor treatment].

The paper considers the ways of quantitative assessment of changes occurring in the density and size of a tumorous focus during its treatment (radiation, chemical and hormonal therapies). They are based on scanning densitometric techniques by identifying quantitative integral and differential parameters. The parameters are used to assess tissue alterations by applying computerized tomography.

[Problems of radiation protection in radiodiagnosis].

The paper outlines the ways of technological progress in controlling and recording the dosage loading on the patients undergone X-ray studies. Differences have been established in the concepts "an effective dose" which are proposed by the International Radiation Protection Committee and given in the documents issued by the National State Committee for Standardization. The paper also describes the accepted methods for regulating the patients' dosage loads, which determine the ways of improving X-ray equipment and means of patients' individual protection.