Reversed halo sign as a radiological feature of tuberculosis - Report of two cases.

Reversed halo sign (RHS) is a radiological feature described as a focal, rounded area of ground-glass opacity surrounded by a ring of consolidation. In this report we describe two unique radiological cases demonstrating diffuse bilateral infiltrates with multiple RHSs in chest CT scans. Both patients were ultimately diagnosed as having tuberculosis (TB) and had been exposed to silica in the past.

Safety of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Hematological Patients with Thrombocytopenia. A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Hospitalized hematological patients often require bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Scarce evidence exists regarding the potential risks in patients with very severe thrombocytopenia (VST).

Methods: This retrospective-cohort study included adult hematological in-patients with VST, defined as platelets<20x10/μL, undergoing BAL during 2012-2021.

Indications for prehospital intubation among severely injured children and the prevalence of significant traumatic brain injury among those intubated due to impaired level of consciousness.

Background: Prehospital endotracheal intubation (PEI) of head injured children with impaired level of consciousness (LOC) aims to minimize secondary brain injury. However, PEI is controversial in otherwise stable children. We aimed to investigate the indications for PEI among pediatric trauma patients and the prevalence of clinically significant traumatic brain injury (csTBI) among those intubated solely due to impaired consciousness.

Omitting Ciprofloxacin Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Its Impact on Clinical Outcomes and Microbiome Structure.

Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) reduces bloodstream infections. However, this practice affects the gut microbiome and potentially increases dysbiosis, which is closely related to transplantation outcomes, and lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This study assessed the impact of omitting ciprofloxacin prophylaxis on GI GVHD, clinical outcomes, and microbiome composition in patients undergoing allo-HSCT.

Prevalence of significant traumatic brain injury among patients intubated in the field due to impaired level of consciousness.

Objective: Current guidelines advocate prehospital endotracheal intubation (ETI) in patients with suspected severe head injury and impaired level of consciousness. However, the ability to identify patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the prehospital setting is limited and prehospital ETI carries a high complication rate. We investigated the prevalence of significant TBI among patients intubated in the field for that reason.

Safety of measles, rubella and mumps vaccines in adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: In recent years, multiple outbreaks of measles associated with vaccine hesitancy occurred in high-income countries, where measles incidence had previously been low. Most safety data about the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine are derived from studies conducted among children, whereas evidence regarding the safety profile of the vaccine in adults is scarce.

Methods: In 2017, during an outbreak of measles in Europe, Israeli travellers to high-risk locations who were incompletely vaccinated, were urged to complete the two MMR vaccination schedule before their travel.

Treatment of Bacteremia Caused by spp.: Should the Potential for AmpC Induction Dictate Therapy? A Retrospective Study.

Carbapenems are considered treatment of choice for bacteremia caused by potential AmpC-producing bacteria, including spp. We aimed to compare mortality following carbapenem vs. alternative antibiotics for the treatment of spp.

Hydroxychloroquine and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review of a Scientific Failure.

Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) emerged early in the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as a possible drug with potential therapeutic and prophylactic benefits. It was quickly adopted in China, Europe, and the USA. We systematically reviewed the existing clinical evidence of HCQ use for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

Are all vaccines safe for the pregnant traveller? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pregnant travellers and their offspring are vulnerable to severe outcomes following a wide range of infections. Vaccine-preventable diseases can have a particularly severe course in pregnant women, but little is known about the safety of travel vaccines in pregnant women. We performed a systematic review of all published literature concerning the safety of vaccines frequently given to travellers such as yellow fever, MMR (mumps, measles and rubella), influenza, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis), meningococcus, hepatitis A and B, rabies, polio, typhoid fever, tick-borne encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis vaccines.