Influence of Nutrition and Physical Activity on Local and Systemic Inflammatory Signs in Experimentally Induced Gingivitis.

Although numerous studies have been published investigating the relationship between various dietary components and inflammatory periodontal disease, it has not yet been possible to clearly distinguish between periodontally healthy and unhealthy diets. This clinical study aimed to assess the association of specific food ingredients and physical activity on local and systemic inflammatory signs in experimentally induced gingivitis. Thirty-nine non-smoking periodontally healthy volunteers (mean age 23.

The granulation tissue preservation technique in regenerative periodontal surgery-a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: To investigate if the application of the granulation tissue preservation technique (GTPT) in regenerative therapy of infrabony periodontal defects results in more clinical attachment level (CAL) gain and more radiographic bone gain (RBG) than the conventional resective approach 12 months after surgery.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients exhibiting at least one infrabony defect with a probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥6 mm and a radiographic infrabony component (INFRA ) ≥3 mm were randomly treated with the GTPT (test group) or the double-flap approach with resection of the defect-filling granulation tissue (control group). Enamel matrix derivatives were applied in both groups.

Exome Sequencing of 5 Families with Severe Early-Onset Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is characterized by alveolar bone loss leading to tooth loss. A small proportion of patients develop severe periodontitis at the juvenile or adolescent age without exposure to the main risk factors of the disease. It is considered that these cases carry rare variants with large causal effects, but the specific variants are largely unknown.

Sex-specific genetic factors affect the risk of early-onset periodontitis in Europeans.

Aims: Various studies have reported that young European women are more likely to develop early-onset periodontitis compared to men. A potential explanation for the observed variations in sex and age of disease onset is the natural genetic variation within the autosomal genomes. We hypothesized that genotype-by-sex (G × S) interactions contribute to the increased prevalence and severity.

Application of the inverted classroom model in the teaching module "new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions" during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Due to the need for patient-free dental education during the COVID-19 pandemic, Hannover Medical School (MHH) implemented a new periodontology module. Its didactic structure was based on the "inverted classroom model" (ICM) in combination with elements of case-based learning. The educational objective was to increase the diagnostic confidence of dental students in the classification of periodontal patients (staging & grading), based on 33 digitized patient cases.

Evaluation of stemness properties of cells derived from granulation tissue of peri-implantitis lesions.

Objectives: Peri-implantitis (PI) is an inflammatory disease associated with peri-implant bone loss and impaired healing potential. There is limited evidence about the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their regenerative properties within the granulation tissue (GT) of infrabony peri-implantitis defects. The aim of the present study was to characterize the cells derived from the GT of infrabony PI lesions (peri-implantitis derived mesenchymal stromal cells-PIMSCs).

Features of Marfan syndrome not listed in the Ghent nosology - the dark side of the disease.

: The revised Ghent nosology presents the classical features of Marfan syndrome. However, behind its familiar face, Marfan syndrome hides less well-known features.: The German Marfan Organization listed unusual symptoms and clinical experts reviewed the literature on clinical features of Marfan syndrome not listed in the Ghent nosology.

Smoking Modifies the Genetic Risk for Early-Onset Periodontitis.

Periodontitis has low-prevalence, highly severe disease manifestations with an early onset and rapid progression. The diagnosis is based on severe destruction of the alveolar bone in adolescents and young adults. Genetic susceptibility variants and smoking are well-established risk factors, but their interactions in modifying disease susceptibility have not been studied.

Root coverage using a connective tissue graft with epithelial striation in combination with enamel matrix derivatives - a long-term retrospective clinical interventional study.

Background: The application of a connective tissue graft with epithelial striation (CTG-ES) has been shown to improve the outcome of root coverage (RC) using the coronally advanced flap (CAF) and adjunctive administration of enamel matrix derivatives (EMD). Aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term (mean: 16.19 ± 1.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of aggressive and chronic periodontitis identifies two novel risk loci.

Periodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases, with a prevalence of 11% worldwide for the severe forms and an estimated heritability of 50%. It is classified into the widespread moderate form chronic periodontitis (CP) and the rare early-onset and severe phenotype aggressive periodontitis (AgP). These different disease manifestations are thought to share risk alleles and predisposing environmental factors.

Genome-wide association meta-analysis of coronary artery disease and periodontitis reveals a novel shared risk locus.

Evidence for a shared genetic basis of association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and periodontitis (PD) exists. To explore the joint genetic basis, we performed a GWAS meta-analysis. In the discovery stage, we used a German aggressive periodontitis sample (AgP-Ger; 680 cases vs 3,973 controls) and the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D CAD meta-analysis dataset (60,801 cases vs 123,504 controls).

A genome-wide association study identifies nucleotide variants at SIGLEC5 and DEFA1A3 as risk loci for periodontitis.

Periodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases, with a prevalence of 11% worldwide for the severe forms and an estimated heritability of 50%. The disease is characterized by destruction of the alveolar bone due to an aberrant host inflammatory response to a dysbiotic oral microbiome. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported several suggestive susceptibility loci.

Expression of antimicrobial peptides and interleukin-8 during early stages of inflammation: An experimental gingivitis study.

Background And Objectives: In the oral cavity, the epithelial surface is constantly exposed to a number of different microorganisms that are organized in a well-structured biofilm. The aim of this study was to monitor gingival expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in an early gingivitis model.

Material And Methods: Experimental gingivitis was allowed to develop in healthy volunteers (n = 17).

Influence of fruit consumption and fluoride application on the prevalence of caries and erosion in vegetarians--a controlled clinical trial.

Background/objectives: Caries and erosion are common diseases of the dental hard tissues. The influence of vegetarianism on the development of caries and erosion has scarcely been investigated in the past. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of fruit consumption and topical fluoride application on the prevalence of caries and erosion in vegetarians.

Pyrosequencing of supra- and subgingival biofilms from inflamed peri-implant and periodontal sites.

Background: To investigate the microbial composition of biofilms at inflamed peri-implant and periodontal tissues in the same subject, using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Methods: Supra- and submucosal, and supra- and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 7 subjects suffering from diseased peri-implant and periodontal tissues. Bacterial DNA was isolated and 16S rRNA genes were amplified, sequenced and aligned for the identification of bacterial genera.

A large candidate-gene association study suggests genetic variants at IRF5 and PRDM1 to be associated with aggressive periodontitis.

Aim: Epidemiological and clinical studies indicated a relationship of periodontitis with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to identify shared genetic susceptibility loci of RA and periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: Forty-seven risk genes of genome-wide significance of RA and SLE were genotyped in a German case-control sample of aggressive periodontitis (AgP), using Immunochip genotyping arrays (Illumina, 600 cases, 1440 controls) and Affymetrix 500 K Genotyping Arrays (280 cases and 983 controls).

Genome-wide exploration identifies sex-specific genetic effects of alleles upstream NPY to increase the risk of severe periodontitis in men.

Aim: Periodontitis (PD) is influenced by genetic as well as lifestyle and socio-economic factors. Epidemiological studies show that men are at greater risk of severe forms of PD, suggesting interplay between sex and genetic factors. We aimed to systematically analyse patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) for gene-sex interactions.

SLC23A1 polymorphism rs6596473 in the vitamin C transporter SVCT1 is associated with aggressive periodontitis.

Aim: Identification of variants within genes SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 coding for vitamin C transporter proteins associated with aggressive (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP).

Material And Methods: Employment of three independent case-control samples of AgP (I. 283 cases, 979 controls; II.

Composition of microbial oral biofilms during maturation in young healthy adults.

In the present study we aimed to analyze the bacterial community structure of oral biofilms at different maturation stages in young healthy adults. Oral biofilms established on membrane filters were collected from 32 human subjects after 5 different maturation intervals (1, 3, 5, 9 and 14 days) and the respective phylogenetic diversity was analyzed by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Our analyses revealed highly diverse entire colonization profiles, spread into 8 phyla/candidate divisions and in 15 different bacterial classes.

Periodontal conditions in patients with Marfan syndrome - a multicenter case control study.

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a disorder of the connective tissues. Alterations of the elastic fibers may manifest in different tissues especially in the skeletal, cardiovascular and ocular system. Oral manifestations like orthodontic or skeletal anomalies and fragility of the temporomandibular joint have been well described by various authors.

Use of elaborate feedback and an audience-response-system in dental education.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of an elaborate feedback and an audience response system (ARS) on learning success.

Methods: Students of the 1st clinical semester were randomly assigned to a study and a control group. The randomization was carried out considering the factors of age, gender and power spectrum during preliminary dental examination.

Periodontal conditions in vegetarians: a clinical study.

Background/objectives: Investigations about possible correlations between vegetarian diet and periodontal conditions are rare and characterized by small case numbers. The aim of this clinical study was to investigate the influence of a vegetarian diet on periodontal parameters with an appropriate sample size.

Subjects/methods: A total of 200 patients, 100 vegetarians and 100 non-vegetarians, were included in the study.

Validation of reported genetic risk factors for periodontitis in a large-scale replication study.

Aim: Many studies investigated the role of genetic variants in periodontitis, but few were established as risk factors. We aimed to validate the associations of recent candidate genes in aggressive periodontitis (AgP).

Material And Methods: We analysed 23 genes in 600 German AgP patients and 1441 controls on the Illumina custom genotyping array Immunochip.