Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Tracheal Injury in a Patient Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Following Cement Aspiration: A Case Report.

Background: Ingestion and aspiration of caustic substances is a common problem in pediatrics and carries the risk of associated aspiration pneumonitis, laryngeal injury, and esophageal injury. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used to support adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from aspiration of cement dust, however, literature outlining pediatric management in cases of alkali lung and airway injuries is lacking.

Case Summary: A 6-year-old boy presented with ARDS from cement aspiration requiring high-pressure ventilation.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report and literature review.

Diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis should be reviewed early in critically ill patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis, multisystem dysfunction, and a deteriorating clinical trajectory.

Air transported pediatric rescue extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a single institutional review.

Background: Pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) programs are sophisticated endeavors usually found only in high-volume cardiac surgical programs. Worldwide, many cardiology programs do not have on-site pediatric cardiac surgery expertise. Our single-center experience shows that an organized multidisciplinary rescue-ECMO program, in collaboration with an accepting facility, can achieve survival rates comparable to modern era on-site ECMO.

Potential pediatric intensive care unit demand/capacity mismatch due to novel pH1N1 in Canada.

Objective: To investigate the possibility of pediatric intensive care unit shortfalls, using pandemic models for a range of attack rates and durations. The emergence of the swine origin pH1N1 virus has led to concerns about shortfalls in our ability to provide pediatric ventilation and critical care support.

Design: Modeling of pediatric intensive care demand based on pH1N1 predictions using simulation techniques.

Critical illness in children with influenza A/pH1N1 2009 infection in Canada.

Objective: To describe characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of critically ill children with influenza A/pandemic influenza A virus (pH1N1) infection in Canada.

Design: An observational study of critically ill children with influenza A/pH1N1 infection in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).

Setting: Nine Canadian PICUs.

Extracorporeal lung support for patients who had severe respiratory failure secondary to influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection in Canada.

Background: From March to July 2009, influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (H1N1-2009) virus emerged as a major cause of respiratory failure that required mechanical ventilation. A small proportion of patients who had this condition developed severe respiratory failure that was unresponsive to conventional therapeutic interventions. In this report, we describe characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of critically ill patients in Canada who had H1N1-2009 infection and were treated with extracorporeal lung support (ECLS).