The health equity implications of the Health Resources and Services Administration's Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program.

Objective: Investigate the role of the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP) - which funds services for vulnerable and historically disadvantaged populations with HIV - in reducing health inequities among people with HIV over a 10-year horizon.

Design: We use an agent-based microsimulation model to incorporate the complexity of the program and long-time horizon.

Methods: We use a composite measure (the Theil index) to evaluate the health equity implications of the RWHAP for each of four subgroups (based on race and ethnicity, age, gender, and HIV transmission category) and two outcomes (probability of being in care and treatment and probability of being virally suppressed).

Social media use by young people with language disorders: a scoping review.

Purpose: Social media are widely used by young people (YP), but how YP with language disorders use social media for social interaction remains insufficiently studied. This article provides an overview of the research on social media use by YP with language disorders.

Materials And Methods: A scoping review was conducted, guided by a five-stage framework.

Wireless continuous single-lead ST-segment monitoring to detect new-onset myocardial injury at the general ward-An exploratory subanalysis.

Patients admitted for acute medical conditions and major noncardiac surgery are at risk of myocardial injury. This is frequently asymptomatic, especially in the context of concomitant pain and analgesics, and detection thus relies on cardiac biomarkers. Continuous single-lead ST-segment monitoring from wireless electrocardiogram (ECG) may enable more timely intervention, but criteria for alerts need to be defined to reduce false alerts.

Factors Associated With Knowledge and Experience of Self-managed Abortion Among Patients Seeking Care at 49 US Abortion Clinics.

Importance: Patients attending US abortion clinics may consider or try self-managing their abortion before coming to the clinic, yet little is known about the factors associated with self-management behavior.

Objective: To examine the prevalence and factors associated with considering or attempting a self-managed abortion before attending a clinic.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study included patients obtaining an abortion at 49 independent, Planned Parenthood, and academic-affiliated clinics chosen to maximize diversity in geographic, state policy, and demographic context in 29 states between December 2018 and May 2020.

Haematological and biochemical reference intervals for wild green turtles (): a Bayesian approach for small sample sizes.

Animal health is directly linked to population viability, which may be impacted by anthropogenic disturbances and diseases. Reference intervals (RIs) for haematology and blood biochemistry are essential tools for the assessment of animal health. However, establishing and interpreting robust RIs for threatened species is often challenged by small sample sizes.

Treatment effect modifiers in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 receiving remdesivir and dexamethasone.

Background: The combined effectiveness of remdesivir and dexamethasone in subgroups of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 is poorly investigated.

Methods: In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, we included 3826 patients with COVID-19 hospitalised between February 2020 and April 2021. The primary outcomes were use of invasive mechanical ventilation and 30-day mortality, comparing a cohort treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone with a previous cohort treated without remdesivir and dexamethasone.

Comparison of ionised calcium measured using a portable analyser to a reference method in healthy dogs.

Objectives: To compare the ionised calcium measured on a portable analyser (iSTAT, Abbott) to a reference method.

Materials And Methods: Blood samples from 39 apparently healthy dogs were analysed in duplicate using a portable analyser and a reference method (Radiometer ABL800 FLEX). Bland-Altman plots and Passing-Bablok regression were used to assess constant and proportional bias between the two instruments.

Do speech-language therapists support young people with communication disability to use social media? A mixed methods study of professional practices.

Background: Social media is increasingly used by young people, including those with communication disability. To date, though, little is known about how speech-language therapists (SLTs) support the social media use of young people with communication disability.

Aims: To explore what services SLTs provide to facilitate the social media use of young people with communication disability, including what these services look like, and the factors that impact SLTs' professional practices.

Predicting energy intake in adults who are dieting and exercising.

Background: When a lifestyle intervention combines caloric restriction and increased physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), there are two components of energy balance, energy intake (EI) and physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), that are routinely misreported and expensive to measure. Energy balance models have successfully predicted EI if PAEE is known. Estimating EI from an energy balance model when PAEE is not known remains an open question.

Using a mobile health device to monitor physiological stress for serious mental illness: A qualitative analysis of patient and clinician-related acceptability.

Objective: There is growing interest in using mobile health (mHealth) devices to monitor physiological stress associated with mental deterioration. Research is currently examining whether physiological information returned to individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) and their clinicians enhances early intervention. The aim of this study was to explore patient and clinician-related acceptability of an mHealth device to monitor stress for SMI.

Association of Texas Senate Bill 8 With Requests for Self-managed Medication Abortion.

This cross-sectional study examines whether the passage of Texas Senate Bill 8 was associated with an increase in requests for self-managed medication abortion.

Improved Survival Among Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treated With Remdesivir and Dexamethasone. A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: There are limited data on outcomes of moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone in a real-world setting. We sought to compare the effectiveness of standard of care (SOC) alone versus SOC plus remdesivir and dexamethasone.

Methods: Two population-based nationwide cohorts of individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 during February through December 2020 were studied.

Factors Associated With Use of an Online Telemedicine Service to Access Self-managed Medical Abortion in the US.

Importance: People in the US have been seeking self-managed abortions outside the formal health care system using medications obtained through online telemedicine. However, little is known about this practice, including potential motivating factors.

Objective: To examine individual reasons for accessing medication abortion through an online telemedicine service as well as associations between state- and county-level factors and the rate of requests.

Clinical practices of speech-language pathologists working with 12- to 16-year olds in Australia.

The current landscape of speech-language pathology (SLP) services for 12- to 16-year olds in Australia remains largely unchartered. Implementing the Speech Pathology 2030 vision necessitates mapping current services, and gaps in services, provided by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). However, the last survey of Australian SLPs' practices with young people was conducted in 2005.

Effectiveness, safety and acceptability of no-test medical abortion (termination of pregnancy) provided via telemedicine: a national cohort study.

Objective: To compare outcomes before and after implementation of medical abortion (termination of pregnancy) without ultrasound via telemedicine.

Design: Cohort analysis.

Setting: The three main abortion providers.

Demand for self-managed online telemedicine abortion in eight European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic: a regression discontinuity analysis.

Objectives: In most European countries, patients seeking medication abortion during the COVID-19 pandemic are still required to attend healthcare settings in person. We assessed whether demand for self-managed medication abortion provided by online telemedicine increased following the emergence of COVID-19.

Methods: We examined 3915 requests for self-managed abortion to online telemedicine service Women on Web (WoW) between 1 January 2019 and 1 June 2020.

Clozapine in the management of persistent destructive behaviour in a 17-year-old boy with intellectual disability.

The management of challenging and refractory destructive behaviour in young patients with intellectual disability (ID) is a major issue faced by families, carers and healthcare professionals who support them. Often, paediatricians and psychiatrists use various behavioural and psychopharmacological approaches, including polypharmacy. We report on one such patient who benefitted greatly from a trial of clozapine, resulting in less aggression, improved quality of life and potentially huge cost savings.

Integrating a Mobile Health Device Into a Community Youth Mental Health Team to Manage Severe Mental Illness: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Symptoms of mental illness are often triggered by stress, and individuals with mental illness are sensitive to these effects. The development of mobile health (mHealth) devices allows continuous recording of biometrics associated with activity, sleep, and arousal. Deviations in these measures could indicate a stressed state requiring early intervention.

Demand for Self-Managed Online Telemedicine Abortion in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Increased demand for self-managed medication abortion in states with in-clinic restrictions or high infection rates during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demonstrates the need for remote abortion care models.

Relative impact of pre-eclampsia on birth weight in a low resource setting: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Low birth-weight is a major risk factor for perinatal death in sub-Saharan Africa, but the relative contribution of determinants of birth-weight are difficult to disentangle in low resource settings. We sought to delineate the relationship between birth-weight and maternal pre-eclampsia across gestation in a low-resource obstetric setting.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study in a tertiary referral centre in urban Uganda, including 971 pre-eclampsia cases and 1461 control pregnancies between 28 and 42 weeks gestation.

Hypertension and Acute Mountain Sickness in Himalayan Trekkers in Nepal: An Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: A history of preexisting hypertension is common in people participating in mountain activities; however, the relationship between blood pressure (BP), preexisting hypertension, and acute mountain sickness (AMS) is not well studied. We sought to determine these relationships among trekkers in the Everest region of Nepal.

Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study of a convenience sample of adult, nonpregnant volunteers trekking in the Everest Base Camp region in Nepal.

Knowledge, interest, and motivations surrounding self-managed medication abortion among patients at three Texas clinics.

Background: A rapid increase in restrictive abortion legislation in the United States has sparked renewed interest in self-managed abortion as a response to clinic access barriers. Yet little is known about knowledge of, interest in, and experiences of self-managed medication abortion among patients who obtain abortion care in a clinic.

Objectives: We examined patients' knowledge of, interest in, and experience with self-managed medication abortion before presenting to the clinic.