Elevated plasma levels of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1-positive microvesicles in patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism.

Unlabelled: Essentials PSGL-1 microvesicles (MVs) may be important in venous thromboembolism (VTE). We measured plasma levels and parental origin of PSGL-1 MVs in patients with unprovoked VTE. VTE patients had higher plasma levels of PSGL-1 MVs than healthy controls.

Low biological cost of carbapenemase-encoding plasmids following transfer from Klebsiella pneumoniae to Escherichia coli.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the biological cost, stability and sequence of two carbapenemase-encoding plasmids containing bla (pG12-KPC-2) and bla (pG06-VIM-1) isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae when newly acquired by uropathogenic Escherichia coli clinical isolates of different genetic backgrounds.

Methods: The two plasmids were transferred into plasmid-free E. coli clinical isolates by transformation.

[The expert observation of myocardial contusion in a child].

A case of the myocardial contusion associated with the closed blunt chest injury in the girl aged 1 year 7 months is presented. The autopsy revealed hemorrhage of an irregular oval shape, coloured dark-red, and confined to the region with the area of 4.0 x 3.

Differential expression of plasma miRNAs in patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism and healthy control individuals.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains the third most common cardiovascular disease with a vague pathogenesis. Circulating miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs found in plasma, serum and other body fluids in an apparently stable form. Although circulating miRNAs, a novel family of regulatory molecules, emerge as a promising class of biomarkers in many cardiovascular diseases and malignancies, knowledge on plasma miRNA levels in VTE remains sparse.

Costly Class-1 integrons and the domestication of the the functional integrase.

Class-1 integrons play an important role in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance determinants. In a recent study we showed that host fitness was dramatically reduced following acquisition of these elements. These fitness costs were due to the presence of an active integrase and we suggested that the mechanistic explanation was due to reduced genetic stability through IntI1 mediated recombination events between / and non-canonical sites in the chromosome.

Fitness costs of various mobile genetic elements in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.

Objectives: To determine the fitness effects of various mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis when newly acquired. We also tested the hypothesis that the biological cost of vancomycin resistance plasmids could be mitigated during continuous growth in the laboratory.

Methods: Different MGEs, including two conjugative transposons (CTns) of the Tn916 family (18 and 33 kb), a pathogenicity island (PAI) of 200 kb and vancomycin-resistance (vanA) plasmids (80-200 kb) of various origins and classes, were transferred into common ancestral E.

A trade-off between the fitness cost of functional integrases and long-term stability of integrons.

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a major role in bacterial microevolution as evident from the rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial drug resistance. Few studies have however addressed the population dynamics of newly imported genetic elements after HGT. Here, we show that newly acquired class-1 integrons from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Acinetobacter baumannii, free of associated transposable elements, strongly reduce host fitness in Acinetobacter baylyi.

Sexual isolation in Acinetobacter baylyi is locus-specific and varies 10,000-fold over the genome.

Naturally transformable bacteria acquire chromosomal DNA from related species at lower frequencies than from cognate DNA sources. To determine how genome location affects heterogamic transformation in bacteria, we inserted an nptI marker into random chromosome locations in 19 different strains of the Acinetobacter genus (>24% divergent at the mutS/trpE loci). DNA from a total of 95 nptI-tagged isolates was used to transform the recipient Acinetobacter baylyi strain ADP1.

[Use of transcranial electroanalgesia for treating spondylogenic pain syndromes].

The analgesic effect of the net transcutaneous application to the brain of constant and impulse currents (the frequency of rectangular impulses was 77 Hz, the duration of an impulse, 3.5 ms) in a 2-5:1 ratio was investigated. An analgesic effect was observed in both healthy subjects and in patients with spondylogenic pain.