Identifying people with post-COVID condition using linked, population-based administrative health data from Manitoba, Canada: prevalence and predictors in a cohort of COVID-positive individuals.

Objective: Many individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 experience long-term symptoms as part of a syndrome called post-COVID condition (PCC). Research on PCC is still emerging but is urgently needed to support diagnosis, clinical treatment guidelines and health system resource allocation. In this study, we developed a method to identify PCC cases using administrative health data and report PCC prevalence and predictive factors in Manitoba, Canada.

Effects of metabolizable energy intake and body weight restriction on layer pullets: 2 - Body composition and onset of lay.

This study aimed to determine the effects of dietary ME and BW restriction on layer pullet sexual maturation, carcass composition and reproductive organs. Two trials were conducted: a precision feeding (PF) (Experiment 1) and a conventional (CON) experiment (Experiment 2). Experiment 1 was a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement with two feed allocation (FA) levels: meal every visit (MEV) or restricted to the lower limit of Lohmann Brown-Lite recommended BW; and three dietary ME levels: Low, Standard (Std), and High (2,600, 2,800, and 3,000 kcal/kg, respectively); the fourth treatment enabled birds to choose from the three diets (Choice).

Effect of dietary treatments on performance, oocysts shedding and lesion scores in broiler chickens experimentally challenged with Eimeria infection.

Although anticoccidials effectively control coccidiosis, a needed reduction in the reliance on antimicrobials in animal production leads to the exploration of alternative compounds. The present study aimed to test five different dietary treatments to counteract the negative impact of coccidiosis on broiler chickens' health and performance. 1-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (n = 960) were randomly assigned to one of eight treatments, with six cages per treatment (20 birds/cage).

Bowman Layer Onlay Grafting as a Minimally Invasive Treatment for the Most Challenging Cases in Keratoconus.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical outcomes after Bowman layer (BL) onlay grafting for the treatment of progressive, advanced keratoconus.

Design: Prospective, interventional case series.

Methods: Twenty-one eyes underwent BL onlay grafting.

Children's Oral Health Initiative: workers' perspectives on its impact in First Nations communities.

Introduction: Since 2004, the Children's Oral Health Initiative (COHI) has been working in many First Nations and Inuit communities in Canada to address oral health disparities, specifically early childhood caries (ECC). The COHI community-based approach improves early childhood oral health (ECOH) by balancing prevention with minimally invasive dentistry. The goal is to reduce the burden of oral disease, mainly by minimizing the need for surgery.

Bowman Layer Onlay Graft for Recurrent Corneal Erosions in Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a case with recurrent corneal erosions who was treated with a Bowman layer (BL) onlay graft.

Method: BL onlay transplantation was performed.

Results: In a 79-year-old female patient who presented with bilateral map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy and a history of recurrent painful corneal erosions, BL onlay grafting was performed to restore the corneal surface.

Nutritional interventions to support broiler chickens during Eimeria infection.

Different combinations of gut health-promoting dietary interventions were tested to support broilers during different stages of Eimeria infection. One-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (n = 720) were randomly assigned to one of 6 dietary treatments, with 6 pens per treatment and 20 birds per pen, for 35 d. At 7 d of age (d7), all birds were inoculated with 1000, 100, and 500 sporulated oocysts of E.

Changes in health indicator gaps between First Nations and other residents of Manitoba.

Background: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada has called for better reporting of health disparities between First Nations people and other Canadians to close gaps in health outcomes. We sought to evaluate changes in these disparities using indicators of health and health care use over the last 2 decades.

Methods: We used linked, whole-population, administrative claims data from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy for fiscal years 1994/95 to 1998/99 and 2012/13 to 2016/17.

First Clinical Experience With Ophthalmic e-Device for Unaided Patient Self-Examination During COVID-19 Lockdown.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a new type of medical device that allows for internet-enabled patient self-screening, without the aid of an ophthalmic professional, through biomicroscopy self-imaging and self-measurement of the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Methods: In this prospective nonrandomized comparative study, 56 patients were instructed to screen their own eyes using a custom-built e-Device containing miniaturized slitlamp optics and a visual acuity Snellen chart virtually projected at 20 ft. BCVA measurements were recorded, and biomicroscopic videos were scored for image quality of the anterior segment status on a scale from 1 to 5 (1 = poor and 5 = excellent) by a blinded observer.

Long-Term Outcomes of Bowman Layer Inlay Transplantation for the Treatment of Progressive Keratoconus.

Purpose: To report long-term clinical outcomes and estimated success rates after Bowman layer (BL) inlay transplantation in eyes treated for progressive keratoconus (KC).

Methods: Thirty-five eyes (29 patients) with progressive KC underwent BL inlay transplantation. Best-corrected spectacle and contact lens visual acuity, Scheimpflug-based corneal tomography [simulated and maximum keratometry (Kmax)], central corneal thickness, thinnest point thickness, complications, and success rate were evaluated up to 8 years postoperatively for the total group and 2 subgroups [group 1: preoperative Kmax > 69 diopter (D) (n = 26); group 2: preoperative Kmax < 69D (n = 9)].

Addressing the need for indigenous and decolonized quantitative research methods in Canada.

Though qualitative methods are often an appropriate Indigenous methodology and have dominated the literature on Indigenous research methods, they are not the only methods available for health research. There is a need for decolonizing and Indigenizing quantitative research methods, particularly in the discipline of epidemiology, to better address the public health needs of Indigenous populations who continue to face health inequities because of colonial systems, as well as inaccurate and incomplete data collection about themselves. For the last two decades, researchers in colonized countries have been calling for a specifically Indigenous approach to epidemiology that recognizes the limits of Western epidemiological methods, incorporates more Indigenous research methodologies and community-based participatory research methods, builds capacity by training more Indigenous epidemiologists, and supports Indigenous self-determination.

Production performance and plasma metabolite concentrations of broiler chickens fed low crude protein diets differing in Thr and Gly.

The aim of the study was to test the interaction between Thr and Gly in low crude protein (CP) diets in 7 to 28 d broilers on production performance and plasma metabolites. A total of 2,040 broilers were allocated to 17 treatments. A positive control (PC) diet (20.

Bowman Layer Onlay Grafting: Proof-of-Concept of a New Technique to Flatten Corneal Curvature and Reduce Progression in Keratoconus.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a new surgical technique for flattening the corneal curvature and to reduce progression in eyes with advanced progressive keratoconus (KC) by using Bowman layer (BL) onlay grafting and to report on the preliminary outcomes of this procedure.

Methods: In this prospective interventional case series, 5 patients with advanced progressive KC underwent BL onlay grafting. After removal of the epithelium, a BL graft was placed and "stretched" onto the stroma, and a bandage lens was placed to cover the BL graft.

Gradual Provision of Live Black Soldier Fly () Larvae to Older Laying Hens: Effect on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Feather Condition and Behavior.

Feather pecking is a key welfare challenge in laying hen husbandry. Feeding of live Hermetia illucens larvae could provide a possible solution to reduce feather pecking in hens. This research investigates effects of dispensing live larvae to non-beak trimmed older laying hens on production performance, behavior and welfare.

Early-life origins of disparities in chronic diseases among Indigenous youth: pathways to recovering health disparities from intergenerational trauma.

Indigenous women and children experience some of the most profound health disparities globally. These disparities are grounded in historical and contemporary trauma secondary to colonial atrocities perpetuated by settler society. The health disparities that exist for chronic diseases may have their origins in early-life exposures that Indigenous women and children face.

Prevalence and risk factors of caregiver reported Severe Early Childhood Caries in Manitoba First Nations children: results from the RHS Phase 2 (2008-2010).

Objectives: The high prevalence and severity of caries among Canadian First Nations children is a growing concern. Dental surgery in hospital is often necessary to treat the signs of decay but does not address the underlying factors contributing to its development. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of caregiver-reported Baby Bottle Tooth Decay (BBTD), or Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC), among preschool children recruited in Phase 2 of the First Nations Regional Longitudinal Health Survey (RHS).

Bioavailability of organic and inorganic zinc sources in male broilers.

The objective of the current study was to determine the bioavailability of an organic zinc source (Availa-Zn) compared with zinc sulfate in a European-type broiler diet. A total of 480 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were housed in 48 digestibility cages (10 birds per cage), being randomly divided over 9 treatments. At d 3, the number of birds was standardized to 8.

Threonine requirement of broiler chickens during subclinical intestinal Clostridium infection.

The aim of this study was to determine the threonine requirement of broilers during a subclinical Clostridium infection. Three experiments were performed: experiments 1 and 2 to investigate the dose-response of threonine supplementation during infection and experiment 3 to validate the threonine requirement during infection. In each experiment, 1-d-old Ross 308 male broilers were used.

Effect of early life thermal conditioning and immune challenge on thermotolerance and humoral immune competence in adult laying hens.

Effects of early life experience with climatic (heat) and hygienic [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] stress on adaptability to the same stressors in later life were studied in laying hens. Chicks were exposed to 37 degrees C for 24 h at d 5 of age (n = 12) or were i.v.

Effect of single or combined climatic and hygienic stress in four layer lines: 2. Endocrine and oxidative stress responses.

Effects of long-term climatic stress (heat exposure), short-term hygienic stress [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], or combined exposure to these stressors on endocrine and oxidative stress parameters of 4 layer lines (B1, WA, WB, and WF) were investigated. The lines were earlier characterized for natural humoral immune competence and survival rate. Eighty hens per line were randomly divided over 2 identical climate chambers and exposed to constant high temperature (32 degrees C) or a control temperature (21 degrees C) for 23 d.

Effect of single or combined climatic and hygienic stress in four layer lines: 1. Performance.

Effects of long-term climatic stress (heat exposure), short-term hygienic stress [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], or a combination of both challenges on performance of 4 layer lines were investigated. The lines were earlier characterized by natural humoral immune competence and survival rate. At 22 wk of age, 80 hens per line were randomly divided over 2 identical climate chambers and exposed to a constant high temperature (32 degrees C) or a control temperature (21 degrees C) for 23 d.