Production responses of dairy cows fed various amounts of rumen-protected methionine and lysine.

A 3 x 3 factorial response surface design was used to study the effects of feeding rumen-protected methionine and lysine to dairy cows between 22 and 305 d of lactation. A total of 130 dairy cows at three universities were individually fed a corn silage and corn grain-based diet that contained either soybean meal or corn gluten meal and urea. An unsupplemented control diet plus nine treatment combinations of three amounts of rumen-protected DL-methionine (3.

High resolution computed tomography and lung function in asbestos-exposed workers with normal chest radiographs.

Asbestos-exposed persons with normal chest radiographs can demonstrate parenchymal abnormalities on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). We reviewed the HRCT, clinical presentation, and results of pulmonary function tests in 169 asbestos-exposed workers with normal chest radiographs (ILO less than 1/0). The HRCT was normal or near normal in 76 subjects (Group 1), abnormal but indeterminate for asbestosis in 36, and abnormal and suggestive of asbestosis in 57 (Group 2).

Limitations of computed tomography in the assessment of emphysema.

Thirty-eight patients undergoing lobectomy or pneumonectomy for carcinoma had preoperative computed tomography (CT) of the chest. Twenty-seven had both 1.5 mm and 10 mm collimation scans, and eleven had 10 mm collimation images only.

Chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease: comparison of diagnostic accuracy of CT and chest radiography.

The accuracies of chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) in the prediction of specific diagnoses in 118 consecutive patients with chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease (DILD) were compared. The radiographs and CT scans were independently assessed by three observers without knowledge of clinical or pathologic data. The observers listed the three most likely diagnoses in order of probability and recorded the degree of confidence they felt in their first-choice diagnosis on a three-point scale.

The politics of employment-based insurance in the United States.

Analyses of the corporatization of U.S. health care typically focus on the political struggle between corporations and traditional health care providers, e.

Short-term administration of bovine somatotropin to lactating dairy cows in a subtropical environment.

Our objective was to evaluate response of lactating dairy cows to daily injections of bovine somatotropin during a subtropical summer. Ten Holstein cows, averaging 196 d in lactation, were used in a 30-d study. No treatment was imposed during d 1 to 10 (period 1) and d 21 to 30 (period 3).

"Density mask". An objective method to quantitate emphysema using computed tomography.

We used a computed tomography (CT) scanner program ("density mask") that highlights voxels within a given density range to quantitate emphysema by defining areas of abnormally low attenuation. We compared different density masks, mean lung attenuation, visual assessment of emphysema and the pathologic grade of emphysema in 28 patients undergoing lung resection for tumor. In each patient, a single representative CT image was compared with corresponding pathologic specimens of tissue.

Hyperinflation in asthma and emphysema. Assessment by pulmonary function testing and computed tomography.

To assess the role of emphysema on the hyperinflation in chronic asthma, we studied 20 subjects with irreversible airflow limitation. Ten of the subjects had asthma and had never smoked; the other ten were cigarette smokers. Pulmonary function testing and chest computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on all subjects.

Effects of a new multielement buffer on production, ruminal environment, and blood minerals of lactating dairy cows.

Twelve multiparous Holstein cows were used to evaluate the capacity of a multielement compound consisting mainly of northupite and sylvite to alleviate low milk fat percent. Possible mechanisms of action were assessed. Cows were arranged in a 4 X 4 Latin square design replicated three times.

Mediastinal nodes in bronchogenic carcinoma: comparison between CT and mediastinoscopy.

Computed tomography (CT) and mediastinoscopy were compared in 151 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. In all patients in whom findings at mediastinoscopy were negative, all accessible nodes were either removed or sampled at thoracotomy. Several size criteria for identifying nodes as enlarged on CT scans were compared.

Disease activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: CT and pathologic correlation.

Computed tomography (CT) scans were compared with pathologic determinants of disease activity in 12 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The theory was that intraalveolar and interstitial cellularity would result in areas of opacification of air spaces on CT scans. All patients underwent open lung biopsy, and disease activity was assessed with a pathologic grading system.

Usual interstitial pneumonia: correlation of CT with clinical, functional, and radiologic findings.

Correlation between disease extent on computed tomographic (CT) scans and severity of clinical and functional impairment was obtained in 23 patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) by review of the clinical data, pulmonary function tests, chest radiographs, and CT scans. The CT scans and chest radiographs were each read twice by two independent observers. Disease extent was assessed on CT scans by a visual score (0%-100% involvement of the lung parenchyma) and on the radiograph by the International Labour Office classification.

Differential diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia and usual interstitial pneumonia: clinical, functional, and radiologic findings.

To assess the role of chest radiography in the differential diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), records of 34 patients with biopsy-proved BOOP (16 patients) or UIP (18 patients) were reviewed. Chest radiographs taken before biopsy were available in 26 patients, clinical information in 33, and pulmonary function data in 22. These data were reviewed independently, without knowledge of the pathologic diagnosis.

Effects of intake and postruminal casein infusion on performance and concentrations of hormones in plasma of lactating cows.

Four Holstein cows were utilized in a Latin square design with a factorial arrangement of treatments to examine the interaction between effects of dry matter intake (107 vs. 78% of energy requirements) and postruminal infusions (water vs. 395 g/d casein) on lactational performance, utilization of nitrogen and energy, and plasma concentrations of hormones.

Class position, work experience, and health.

This paper develops a Marxist analysis of the relationships between class position, work experience, the psychological effects of this experience, and subsequent health outcomes. Specifically, it is argued that the structural imperatives of capitalist production make work for those in working-class positions subject to greater routinization and less control than work for those in other class positions. Routinization and control are argued, in turn, to predictably affect two key psychological variables, self-esteem and stress, which are further argued to affect health in predictable ways.

The distribution of accelerations of the human fetal heart rate at 38 to 40 weeks' gestational age.

In order to further understand the use of antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring we measured the distribution, in time, of two, three, or five fetal heart rate accelerations of greater than or equal to 15 bpm for greater than or equal to 15 seconds and of greater than or equal to 10 bpm for greater than or equal to 6 seconds in 12 healthy pregnant women at 38 to 40 weeks' gestation. The length of time necessary to measure 50% or 95% of intervals containing five accelerations would be substantially reduced by changing to a definition of two or three accelerations. However, an observation interval of at least 80 minutes is required to include the longest time interval of two, three, or five accelerations.

Effects of intake of a mixed dairy steers on digestion events.

Ruminally cannulated steers were in a 4 X 4 Latin square to determine the effect of amount of feed ingested on fiber digestion and other digestion events. Alfalfa haylage, corn silage, and a corn-soybean meal mix were incorporated in a ratio 45:20:35 (dry matter) and fed at either 100, 85, 70, or 55% of ad libitum intake. Acid-insoluble ash, lanthanum, and chromium-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were digestion, particulate, and liquid markers.

Accelerations of the human fetal heart rate at 38 to 40 weeks' gestational age.

In order to document the normal structure and pattern of fetal heart rate accelerations near term, we measured fetal heart rate and fetal movements for 24-hour observation intervals in 12 healthy pregnant women at 38 to 40 weeks' gestation. There were 34 accelerations per hour on the average with a mean amplitude of 22.8 bpm and a mean duration of 40.