Intra- and inter-specific reproductive barriers in the tomato clade.

Tomato ( L.) domestication and later introduction into Europe resulted in a genetic bottleneck that reduced genetic variation. Crosses with other wild tomato species from the clade can be used to increase genetic diversity and improve important agronomic traits such as stress tolerance.

Comparison between the impact of osmotic and NaCl treatments on the expression of genes coding for ion transporters in Oryza glaberrima Steud.

We analyzed the expression of genes coding for Na+ transporters (OsHKT1.5, OsHKT1.1, OsSOS1, OsSOS2, OsNHX1, OsNHX2), Cl- transporter (OsNRT1, OsCLC, OsCCC1) and gene coding for the transcription factor DREB (OsDREB2) involved in response to desiccation in two cultivars of O.

Comparison of Salt Stress Tolerance among Two Leaf and Six Grain Cultivars of L.

Amaranths ( L.) are multi-use crop species renowned for their nutritional quality and their tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Since the soil salinity of croplands is a growing problem worldwide, we tested the salinity tolerance of six grain and two leaf cultivars of L.

Effect of NaCl and EDDS on Heavy Metal Accumulation in in Polymetallic Polluted Soil.

The ability of plants to accumulate heavy metals is a crucial factor in phytoremediation. This study investigated the effect of NaCl and S,S-ethylenediaminesuccinic acid (EDDS) on heavy metal accumulation in in soil polluted with arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc. The addition of NaCl reduced the bioavailability of arsenic and cadmium, while EDDS increased the bioavailability of arsenic and zinc.

Rootstock increases the physiological defence of tomato plants against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection.

Climate change has intensified the infection of tomato plants by pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). Rootstocks may increase plant tolerance to leaf phytopathogens.

Silicon reduces zinc absorption and triggers oxidative tolerance processes without impacting growth in young plants of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a promising crop for non-food agricultural production on soils contaminated by moderate doses of heavy metals, while silicon, as a beneficial element, is frequently reported to improve stressed plant behavior. Using a hydroponic system, plants of Cannabis sativa (cv.

The Halophyte Species Dun. Maintains Its Reproduction despite Sodium Accumulation in Its Floral Organs.

Salinity is a growing global concern that affects the yield of crop species, including tomato (). Its wild relative was reported to have halophyte properties. We compared salt resistance of both species during the reproductive phase, with a special focus on sodium localization in the flowers.

Endogenous Polyamines and Ethylene Biosynthesis in Relation to Germination of Osmoprimed Seeds under Salt Stress.

Currently, seed priming is reported as an efficient and low-cost approach to increase crop yield, which could not only promote seed germination and improve plant growth state but also increase abiotic stress tolerance. Salinity represents one of the most significant abiotic stresses that alters multiple processes in plants. The accumulation of polyamines (PAs) in response to salt stress is one of the most remarkable plant metabolic responses.

: A Potential Halophyte Candidate for Phytoremediation in the Meta(loid)s Polluted Saline Soils.

(L.) Ledebour is a perennial facultative halophyte species from the Malvacea family that grows in coastal areas with high amounts of salt. The tolerance of to the high concentration of salt (0.

Molecular and Biochemical Insights Into Early Responses of Hemp to Cd and Zn Exposure and the Potential Effect of Si on Stress Response.

With the intensification of human activities, plants are more frequently exposed to heavy metals (HM). Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) are frequently and simultaneously found in contaminated soils, including agronomic soils contaminated by the atmospheric fallout near smelters. The fiber crop L.

Comparison of Drought and Heat Resistance Strategies among Six Populations of and Two Cultivars of .

Within the tomato clade, is considered one of the most promising sources of genes for tomato () selection to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we compared the effects of drought, high temperature, and their combination in two cultivars of and six populations of , differing in their local habitat. Plants were grown at 21/19 °C or 28/26 °C under well-watered and water-stressed conditions.

Evaluating the bio-removal of crude oil by vetiver grass ( L.) in interaction with bacterial consortium exposed to contaminated artificial soils.

Remediation of crude oil-impacted areas is a major pervasive concern in various environmental conditions. The major aim of this study was to investigate the collaboration of vetiver grass ( L.) and petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to clean up contaminated soils.

Transgenerational Effects of Salt Stress Imposed to Rapeseed ( var. Del.) Plants Involve Greater Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in the Edible Sprouts Obtained from Offspring Seeds.

Previous research has demonstrated that rapeseed sprouts obtained under salinity demonstrate greater phenolic content and antioxidant activity compared to those sprouted with distilled water. This work aimed to test the hypothesis that these effects of salinity may persist into the next generation, so that offspring seeds of plants grown under salt stress may give edible sprouts with increased phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Plants of one rapeseed cultivar were grown in pots with 0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl, isolated from each other at flowering to prevent cross-pollination.

Salinity differently affects antioxidant content and amino acid profile in two cultivars of Amaranthus cruentus differing in salinity tolerance.

Background: Amaranthus cruentus is a promising leafy vegetable with high nutritional value and is able to cope with salt stress but the impact of sodium chloride (NaCl) on its main properties have not been studied in detail. Plants from two contrasting cultivars (Rouge: salt-tolerant and Locale: salt-sensitive) were exposed to NaCl (0, 30, 60 and 90 mmol L ) in nutrient solution for 2 weeks. Plant growth, mineral content, oxidative status and antioxidant concentration, salicylic acid concentration, protein content and amino acid profile were analyzed in the harvested leaves.

Silicon reduces cadmium absorption and increases root-to-shoot translocation without impacting growth in young plants of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) on a short-term basis.

Textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a non-edible multipurpose crop suitable for fiber production and/or phytoremediation on moderately heavy metal-contaminated soils. Experiments were conducted in nutrient solution to assess the short-term impact of silicon (Si), a well-known beneficial element, on plants exposed to 20 μM cadmium (Cd) in nutrient solution.

Long-Term Cd Exposure Alters the Metabolite Profile in Stem Tissue of .

As a common pollutant, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals accumulating in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities. The uptake of Cd by plants is the main entry route into the human food chain, whilst in plants it elicits oxidative stress by unbalancing the cellular redox status. was subjected to chronic Cd stress for five months.

Impact of vernalization and heat on flowering induction, development and fertility in root chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. sativum).

Root chicory (Cichorium intybus var. sativum) is a biennial plant that requires vernalization for flowering initiation. However, we previously showed that heat can induce root chicory flowering independently of vernalization.

Why Does the Halophyte Better Tolerate Ni Toxicity than : Implication of Antioxidant Defense Systems.

The implication of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative systems in response to Ni was evaluated in the halophyte in comparison with the metal tolerant glycophyte species . Seedlings of both species were hydroponically subjected during 21 days to 0, 25, 50, and 100 µM NiCl. Growth parameters showed that the halophyte was more tolerant to Ni than .

transcriptome assembly of textile hemp from datasets on hypocotyls and adult plants.

We here provide an updated transcriptome of the hemp textile variety Santhica 27. The assembly was performed by merging the reads obtained previously on a time-series relative to the hypocotyl development and on bast fibers isolated from internodes of adult plants at different heights with those obtained from a newly performed transcriptome study on the hypocotyl in response to jasmonic acid treatment. More specifically, hypocotyls aged 15 days were treated with jasmonic acid and collected 3 and 5 days after the application of the plant growth regulator.

Tomato Fruit Development and Metabolism.

Tomato ( L.) belongs to the Solanaceae family and is the second most important fruit or vegetable crop next to potato ( L.).

The Dynamics of the Cell Wall Proteome of Developing Alfalfa Stems.

In this study, the cell-wall-enriched subproteomes at three different heights of alfalfa stems were compared. Since these three heights correspond to different states in stem development, a view on the dynamics of the cell wall proteome during cell maturation is obtained. This study of cell wall protein-enriched fractions forms the basis for a description of the development process of the cell wall and the linking cell wall localized proteins with the evolution of cell wall composition and structure.

Salinity modifies heavy metals and arsenic absorption by the halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya pentacarpos and pollutant leaching from a polycontaminated substrate.

Phytomanagement of polycontaminated soils is challenging, especially in areas simultaneously affected by salinity. The wetland halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya pentacarpos was cultivated in a column device allowing leachate harvest, on a polycontaminated spiked soil containing Cd (6.5 mg kg DW), As (75 mg kg DW), Zn (200 mg kg DW) and Pb (300 mg kg DW) and irrigated with salt water (final soil electrical conductivity 5.

The cytokinin trans-zeatine riboside increased resistance to heavy metals in the halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya pentacarpos in the absence but not in the presence of NaCl.

Heavy metals such as cadmium and zinc constitute major pollutants in coastal areas and frequently accumulate in salt marshes. The wetland halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya pentacarpos is a promising species for phytostabilization of contaminated areas. In order to assess the role of the antisenescing phytohormone cytokinin in heavy metal resistance in this species, seedlings were exposed for two weeks to Cd (10 μM), Zn (100 μM) or Cd + Zn (10 μM + 100 μM) in the presence or absence of 50 mM NaCl and half of the plants were sprayed every two days with the cytokinin trans-zeatine riboside (10 μM).

Impact of jasmonic acid on lignification in the hemp hypocotyl.

Phytohormones are crucial molecules regulating plant development and responses to environmental challenges, including abiotic stresses, microbial and insect attacks. Most notably, phytohormones play important roles in the biosynthesis of lignocellulosics. Jasmonates are involved in secondary growth and secondary metabolism, such as phenylpropanoids and lignin biosyntheses.

Sprouted Grains: A Comprehensive Review.

In the last decade, there has been an increase in the use of sprouted grains in human diet and a parallel increase in the scientific literature dealing with their nutritional traits and phytochemical contents. This review examines the physiological and biochemical changes during the germination process, and the effects on final sprout composition in terms of macro- and micro-nutrients and bioactive compounds. The main factors affecting sprout composition are taken into consideration: genotype, environmental conditions experimented by the mother plant, germination conditions.