The use of tobramycin for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review.

Introduction: is a common respiratory pathogen that contributes to chronic pulmonary infection in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Guidelines recommend early intervention upon positive culture. Tobramycin has in vitro activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including , and TOBI Podhaler is indicated for the management of individuals with cystic fibrosis with infection.

Prevention of acute exacerbations of COPD: American College of Chest Physicians and Canadian Thoracic Society Guideline.

Background: COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States as well as throughout the rest of the world. An exacerbation of COPD (periodic escalations of symptoms of cough, dyspnea, and sputum production) is a major contributor to worsening lung function, impairment in quality of life, need for urgent care or hospitalization, and cost of care in COPD. Research conducted over the past decade has contributed much to our current understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of COPD.

Aerosolized antibiotics in cystic fibrosis: an update.

Inhaled antibiotic therapy, targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is a fundamental component of cystic fibrosis (CF) management. Tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) was approved in the United States (US) in 1998. Subsequent research efforts focused on developing products with a reduced treatment time burden.

Evolution of pattern of breathing during a spontaneous breathing trial predicts successful extubation.

Purpose: Rapid shallow breathing may occur at any time during spontaneous breathing trials (SBT), questioning the utility of a single determination of the rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI). We hypothesize that change in RSBI during SBT may more accurately predict successful extubation than a single determination.

Methods: Prospective observational study.

Aerosolized antibiotics in cystic fibrosis: current and future trends.

Chronic bacterial infection is one of the key challenges in caring for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Effective infection control requires appropriate administration of antibiotics. Inhaled antibiotics play a pivotal role in CF management.

Systemic corticosteroid therapy for acute asthma exacerbations.

Acute exacerbations of asthma may represent reactions to airway irritants or failures of chronic treatment. The costs to both the patient and society are high. Exacerbations often are frightening episodes that can cause significant morbidity and sometimes death.

Aerosolized antibiotics in cystic fibrosis.

Inhaled antibiotics offer an attractive alternative to systemic administration in cystic fibrosis (CF) for several reasons. Antibiotics can be administered directly to the site of infection with little systemic absorption, thereby minimizing toxicity. Aerosolization will permit chronic administration of antipseudomonal antibiotics while avoiding the risks and inconvenience of intravenous access.

Utility of the breathing reserve index at the anaerobic threshold in determining ventilatory-limited exercise in adult cystic fibrosis patients.

Objectives: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is useful to assess functional status and prognosis. Using the current interpretation guidelines, the utility of this testing will be limited in those patients who cannot exercise to a near-maximal level. This study investigates the utility of the breathing reserve index at the anaerobic threshold (BRIAT), which is defined as minute ventilation at the anaerobic threshold (AT)/maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), to distinguish ventilatory-limited (VL) CF patients from nonventilatory-limited (NVL) CF patients.

Susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and clinical response to parenteral antibiotic administration: lack of association in cystic fibrosis.

Study Objective: To determine the relationship between the antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and the patient's response to parenteral antibiotic administration, we performed a retrospective analysis using data from patients in the placebo arm of a phase 3 trial of tobramycin solution for inhalation. All patients were chronically infected with P aeruginosa. Seventy-seven of the 262 patients receiving placebo experienced a pulmonary exacerbation during the trial for which they received therapy with IV tobramycin and ceftazidime.