Effects of bisoprolol and cilazapril on the central retinal artery blood flow in patients with essential hypertension--preliminary results.

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that effective blood pressure reduction may inhibit the progression of microvascular damage in patients with essential arterial hypertension. However, the potential influence of anti-hypertensive drugs on ocular circulation has not been studied sufficiently.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of anti-hypertensive therapy on blood flow in the central retinal artery in patients with systemic arterial hypertension.

A comparative clinical study of the visual results between three types of multifocal lenses.

Purpose: To compare the patients' visual results after bilateral implantation of the multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs): ReZoom (NXG1, Abbott Medical Optics, Abbott Park, IL, USA), Acrysof ReSTOR (SA60D3, Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX, USA) and Tecnis MF (ZM900, Abbott Medical Optics).

Materials And Methods: A prospective, nonrandomized, comparative trial of 30 patients (60 eyes) aged 46-71 (mean age 56.3 +/- 5.

Nonpenetrating very deep sclerectomy with reticulated hyaluronic acid implant in glaucoma treatment.

Background: The purpose of our study was to assess intraocular pressure control (IOP) and postoperative complications in nonpenetrating very deep sclerectomy (NPVDS) with reticulated hyaluronic acid implant (SKGEL) and Mitomycin C (MMC).

Material/methods: Fifty eyes from fifty patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma were randomized to either the NPVDS or NPDS group. The NPVDS procedure was similar to traditional NPDS (control group); however, excision of sclera and exposure of ciliary body were also performed, and only a narrow scleral flap was retained at a distance of 0.

[Effect of anti-inflammatory therapy on the treatment of dry eye syndrome].

Dry eye syndrome is a common chronic disease; agents and strategies for its effective management are still lacking. The syndrome tends to be accompanied by ocular surface inflammation; therefore, the use of anti-inflammatory agents might prove beneficial. The authors present up-to-date guidelines, strategies, and efficacy of dry eye syndrome management, including anti-inflammatory treatment.

[The application of the confocal microscopy for the diagnosis of corneal inflammation].

In the course of keratitis, the early diagnosis is very important to start with the effective treatment. Clinical state and slit lamp biomicroscopic examination not always allows to establish etiologic factor. In this paper, usefulness of the confocal microscopy in vivo examination to diagnose cases of not clear etiology in corneal inflammation, was presented.

[Assessment of tears secretion after refractive surgery].

Purpose: One of the complications of the corneal refractive surgery is a transient disturbance in tears secretion, which can lead to the dry eye syndrome. The aim of the study was to evaluate the tears secretion in patients after PRK, LASEK and LASIK surgery for myopia.

Material And Methods: We examined 115 eyes of 69 patients (46 woman and 23 men), mean age 30.

Correction of high myopia with different phakic anterior chamber intraocular lenses: ICARE angle-supported lens and Verisyse iris-claw lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability and safety of implanting two models of anterior chamber IOLs for high myopia. Comparison of the refractive results between two groups of patients implanted with different IOLs.

Materials And Methods: Forty eyes were implanted with phakic IOLs.

[Macular corneal dystrophy--clinical state, histopathologic, immunohistochemical examinations and genetical dependence].

Macular corneal dystrophy is a rare corneal disease, with autosomal recessive inheritance, in which characteristic diffuse corneal clouding and reduction of corneal thickness are present. Authors in this article presented the clinical state and molecular pathology underlying it's importance in diagnosis of the macular corneal dystrophy. As in other inherited diseases, the latest achievement of molecular biology, concerning the new mutation of the CHST6 gene, changed the classification of the macular corneal dystrophy, and can have the significant influence on genetic therapy of this disease.

[Evaluation of eye total aberration in patients after PRK and LASIK procedures].

Unlabelled: Construction of aberrometer unit gives us a possibility to clinically measure the optical defects of the eye beyond sphere and cylinder, quickly and efficiently. This technology of measurement quantify ocular aberrations, to design ideal refractive corrections.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate ocular aberrations after PRK and LASIK procedures.

[New possibilities of individual fitting of hard contact lenses with use of computer programs and videokeratography (CVK)].

The aim of the following paper is to evaluate possibilities of modern computer technologies and CVK in fitting of hard contact lenses in difficult cases of keratoconus or in order to improve their tolerance. 425 patients were examined (761 eyes) 289 men and 135 women, age - between 11 and 56 years of life, giving the average of 26 years. Evaluation was carried out by means of retrospective method, analyzing the effect of fitting in the 2nd and 3rd stage of keratoconus, advancement in the Amsler and Muckenchirn's scale.

[Application of duo-systems (piggy back) in correction of keratoconus].

The purpose of the paper was to determine possibilities and effectiveness of application of piggy back system in keratoconus and choosing the best soft contact lens to meet the demands of the system. 335 patients were examined (511 eyes), including 131 women (163 eyes) and 204 men (348 eyes). Retrospective method involved patients with chronic corneal erosion and symptoms of intolerance of hard contact lenses.

[Frequency of neovascular lesion types in wet age-related macular degeneration].

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of legal blindness among the urbanized world. Neovascular type of the disease which is responsible for majority of severe vision loss in course of AMD has received few years ago a new treatment modality--photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin (Visudyne). Efficacy of PDT depends on angiographic feature of chorioneovascularization (CNV).

[Is every iris pigment lesion a melanoma? Case report].

In this paper authors present a history and clinical findings of 78 years old man with suspicion of iris melanoma. Malignant melanoma accounts for 70% of cell malignant tumors of the eye. The paper also contains short review of the most important clinical characteristic, diagnostic and treatment of iris melanoma.

[Correction of myopia by PRK method with the use of MEL 80 excimer laser--initial report].

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PRK procedure by estimation: changes of visual acuity, refractive errors, IOP, pachymetry, high order aberrations before and after surgery.

Material And Methods: In the First Department and Clinic of Ophthalmology Medical School 22 patients went through ophthalmological examination for PRK procedure. In this study we used MEL 80 excimer laser.

[Laser correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism in children--literature review].

Anisometropic myopia and myopic astigmatism are very often refractive error in children. Suitable correction of different vision defects in children might prevent the consequences of amblyopia and lack of development of binocular vision. This article presents the effectiveness of correction in myopia and myopic anisometropia using laser method such as PRK, LASEK and LASIK.

[Correction of high myopia with anterior chamber angle-supported phakic intraocular lenses--own results].

Purpose: To evaluate the early results: predictability, efficacy and safety of implanting new model of anterior chamber IOL for high myopia.

Material And Methods: ICARE myopia lens (Corneal) was implanted in 20 eyes of 12 patients with preoperative myopia that ranged from -10 D to 23.5 D.

[Complications of laser in situ keratomileusis--corneal flap striae and fold--own material].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was, to classify striae and folds seen after LASIK as an early and late complications.

Material And Methods: At the First Department and Clinique of Ophthalmology Silesian Medical School in Katowice LASIK procedure was performed since 1997. The material consisted of 155 eyes of 120 patients.

[The evaluation of accommodation range in patients of various age groups by WASCA wavefront aberrometer].

Purpose: The aim of this study was, to analyse the results of accommodation range measurement obtained in groups of patients of different age. Wavefront aberrometer was used for evaluation of accommodation range of the patients eyes.

Material And Methods: The accommodation range was analysed in 200 eyes in 100 patients.

[Complications after laser refractive surgery].

The laser refractive surgery is very effective method of refractive errors correction. The method is very popular, but serious complications may occur and the visual acuity may decrease. In this article authors show the possible complications after the laser refractive procedures.

[Use of intra-stromal corneal ring segments (INTACS) in refractive surgery].

Implantation of intrastromal corneal rings segments is a new refractive procedure. INTACS consists of 2 separate segments placed in the midperipheral cornea, in specially preparing lamellar channels. Polymethylo methacrylate rings, which flatter the anterior curvature of the cornea.

[Pterygium: allergic etiology?].

Pterygium is a wedge-shaped fibrovascular growth of conjunctiva that extends onto the cornea. The etiopathogenesis of pterygium is still not fully elucidated. Exposure to ultraviolet light is suggested as one of the most important factors contributing to pterygium development.

[Phakic IOL].

Refractive errors can be corrected by three different means, as follows: optical devices, corneal refractive surgery and intraocular procedures. Each intraocular procedure has its advantages and disadvantages. In this paper the authors present the nowdays state of refractive phakic IOL's.

[Surgical correction of presbyopia].

There are a lot of surgical procedures to correct refractive errors, but the surgical correction of presbyopia is still a problem. In this paper the authors present surgical procedures, which can be used to correct presbyopia. There are three groups of surgery: the corneal, scleral and intrabulbar procedures.

[Complications after LASIK surgery].

LASIK is now very often used refractive surgery procedure. It is very effective, but there are some intraoperative and postoperative complications possible. In this paper I would like to describe almost all possible LASIK complications.

[Assessment of MemoryLens in own materials].

Purpose: The aim of this study is the assessment of results of cataract phacoemulsification with the implantation of MemoryLens. Phacoemulsification is the most often used method of cataract extraction nowadays. This method led to shorter incision and reduction of postoperative astigmatism.