Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Theoretical Model of Their Retention in Plasma of RF Capacitive Discharge with Vertically Arranged Electrodes in Acetylene.

In the present research, experiments on the formation and retention of nanoparticles (NPs) in the plasma of radio frequency (RF) capacitive discharge in acetylene were carried out with vertically positioned internal electrodes. It has been shown via SEM and TEM techniques that NPs found on the horizontal tube wall after the discharge operation have a spherical shape with a predominant diameter of approximately 400-600 nm. HRTEM analysis reveals their amorphous structure.

In-orbit demonstration of an iodine electric propulsion system.

Propulsion is a critical subsystem of many spacecraft. For efficient propellant usage, electric propulsion systems based on the electrostatic acceleration of ions formed during electron impact ionization of a gas are particularly attractive. At present, xenon is used almost exclusively as an ionizable propellant for space propulsion.

Magnetized retarding field energy analyzer measuring the particle flux and ion energy distribution of both positive and negative ions.

This paper presents the development of a magnetized retarding field energy analyzer (MRFEA) used for positive and negative ion analysis. The two-stage analyzer combines a magnetic electron barrier and an electrostatic ion energy barrier allowing both positive and negative ions to be analyzed without the influence of electrons (co-extracted or created downstream). An optimal design of the MRFEA for ion-ion beams has been achieved by a comparative study of three different MRFEA configurations, and from this, scaling laws of an optimal magnetic field strength and topology have been deduced.