Fine needle aspiration biopsy of parathyroid; is it meaningful? A cytologic study of 81 cases with histological and clinical correlations.

Background: Recognizing the parathyroid gland and distinguishing the parathyroid from thyroid lesions in fine needle aspiration (FNA) is challenging. This study aimed to identify cytomorphologic features suggestive of parathyroid origin and to assess the utility of cytopathology in conjunction with ancillary tests in the identification of parathyroid glands.

Materials And Methods: Ultrasound (US) guided FNA of parathyroid gland and lesions in 81 patients were reviewed concerning clinical history and correlated to histopathologic findings in available cases.

Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer in adult patients - Recommendations of Polish Scientific Societies and the National Oncological Strategy. 2022 Update [Diagnostyka i leczenie raka tarczycy u chorych dorosłych - Rekomendacje Polskich Towarzystw Naukowych oraz Narodowej Strategii Onkologicznej. Aktualizacja na rok 2022].

The guidelines Thyroid Cancer 2022 are prepared based on previous Polish recommendations updated in 2018. They consider international guidelines - American Thyroid Association (ATA) 2015 and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN); however, they are adapted according to the ADAPTE process. The strength of the recommendations and the quality of the scientific evidence are assessed according to the GRADE system and the ATA 2015 and NCCN recommendations.

Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity Revealed by Mass Spectrometry Imaging Is Associated with the Prognosis of Breast Cancer.

Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) results from the coexistence of genetically distinct cancer cell (sub)populations, their phenotypic plasticity, and the presence of heterotypic components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we addressed the potential association between phenotypic ITH revealed by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and the prognosis of breast cancer. Tissue specimens resected from 59 patients treated radically due to the locally advanced HER2-positive invasive ductal carcinoma were included in the study.

The Spectroscopic Similarity between Breast Cancer Tissues and Lymph Nodes Obtained from Patients with and without Recurrence: A Preliminary Study.

Lymph nodes (LNs) play a very important role in the spread of cancer cells. Moreover, it was noticed that the morphology and chemical composition of the LNs change in the course of cancer development. Therefore, finding and monitoring similarities between these characteristics of the LNs and tumor tissues are essential to improve diagnostics and therapy of this dreadful disease.

The clinical value of the routine analysis of cardiac implantable electronic devices after the patient's death in a tertiary cardiovascular center.

Introduction: The postmortem interrogation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has not been regularly practiced yet. We presumed that it can provide data not only on the mechanism of the patient's death but also on possible device malfunctions contributing to its occurrence.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the usefulness of the explantation and interrogation of CIEDs after the patient's death in routine clinical practice, when combined with autopsy findings and clinical follow‑up starting from the time after device implantation.

Spectroscopic identification of benign (follicular adenoma) and cancerous lesions (follicular thyroid carcinoma) in thyroid tissues.

Thyroid follicular nodules are quite common in the population, however only a small proportion is malignant. Thyroid cancer differs from adenoma by features of cellular atypia, angioinvasiveness and possibility of metastasis via blood vessels mainly in the lungs and bones. Pathomorphological examination of the postoperative material plays a significant role in the diagnosis of cystic thyroid lesions.

Spectroscopic analysis of normal and neoplastic (WI-FTC) thyroid tissue.

Thyroid cancer holds the first place of the malignant tumors of the endocrine system. One of the less common thyroid cancers is follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), which is very difficult to diagnose because it gives the same image as adenoma, which is benign. Certainty of the diagnosis is gained only when FTC gives metastases.

Enhanced intratumoral expression of RNF2 is a favorable prognostic factor for patients with cutaneous melanoma?

Recent studies involving melanoma cell lines suggest that enhanced expression of epigenetic regulator RNF2 supports proliferation and promotes metastasis. However, it is not clear to what extent those data apply to disease progression and prognosis for melanoma patients. Therefore the aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic power of RNF2 intratumoral expression by melanoma cells.

Guidelines of Polish National Societies Diagnostics and Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma. 2018 Update.

Significant advances have been made in thyroid can-cer research in recent years, therefore relevant clinical guidelines need to be updated. The current Polish guidelines "Diagnostics and Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma" have been formulated at the "Thyroid Cancer and Other Malignancies of Endocrine Glands" conference held in Wisła in November 2015 [1].

Prognostic significance of RBP2-H1 variant of JARID1B in melanoma.

Background: Histone demethylase JARID1B plays several context dependent roles in epigenetic regulation of cellular differentiation in normal development and is highly expressed in multiple human cancers. The protein is a strong transcriptional repressor capable of downregulating numerous genes. There are three splicing isoforms of JARID1B, however the links between the protein structure and function are not clear.

Vertically transmitted HPV-dependent squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal : Case report of a child.

Background: There is much evidence that high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a causative role in a subset of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) in adults. HPV-positive tumors behave differently even in their response to treatment and are therefore a distinct subset. Both HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors of the head and neck region are usually in the domain of adults and cases in children are rare; thus when a 2‑year-old child was diagnosed with this cancer in the external auditory canal, an in-depth assessment of the tumor was considered necessary.

Intratumoral expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a negative prognostic marker for patients with cutaneous melanoma.

Because of the well-known heterogeneity of melanomas, prognosis of the disease is often difficult to assess even for lesions classified in similar stages. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of COX-2 as a melanoma prognostic marker and to establish an optimum algorithm for analysis of COX-2 expression levels in lesions of interest. Expression of COX-2 was detected immunohistochemically in standard sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 85 primary melanomas, 36 lymph node metastases, and five skin metastases including 39 cases of paired primary and metastatic lesions obtained from the same patient.

Correspondence of cytological and histopathological diagnoses in diagnostic category V of the Bethesda system: "suspicious for malignancy".

The progress in imaging methods enables fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy to be performed on smaller and smaller lesions, including malignant ones (papillary microcarcinomas). The follicular variant predominates in this group, with cytological features often not permitting an unbiased interpretation. The aim of the study was to determine the degree of reliability of the "suspicious for malignancy" (SM) diagnosis in material from the Institute of Oncology in Gliwice (IO).

The diagnosis of cancer in thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy. Surgery, repeat biopsy or specimen consultation?

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) is the only diagnostic method that allows a preoperative diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. An unequivocal diagnosis of a malignant change is achievable only in cases in which all cytological criteria of carcinoma are met. The aim of the study was to evaluate the necessity of repeat thyroid FNA in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma verified on consultative examination (CE).

Suspicious for follicular neoplasm or follicular neoplasm? The dilemma of a pathologist and a surgeon.

Introduction: Cytological material obtained from Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) does not permit us to distinguish between follicular carcinomas, adenomas, and hyperplastic nodules. The limitations of the method are: lack of possibility to assess the presence of tumour capsule, eventual capsular invasion, and angioinvasion. An unequivocal conclusion of whether what we have to deal with is a neoplastic or benign lesion is possible only after histopathological examination.

Clinical importance of follicular lesion of undetermined significance (diagnostic category III according to Bethesda System) diagnosed from Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy.

Introduction: Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance (FLUS) belongs to the most controversial category of the Bethesda System. The aim of the study was to specify the risk of malignancy in patients with FLUS diagnosis in the material from the Institute of Oncology in Gliwice. This is the first Polish study specifying the risk of malignant neoplasm presence when Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) results in a report of diagnostic category III (DC III).

Stromal, rather than epithelial cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is associated with overall survival of breast cancer patients.

Background: Prognostic value of enhanced COX-2 expression in breast cancer has been controversial for a long time. The opinions vary widely between studies. Moreover, significant majority of studies considered only COX-2 expression in cancer epithelial cells.

Metaplastic breast carcinomas - analysis of prognostic factors in a case series.

Aim Of The Study: Metaplastic breast carcinomas (MBC) are a rare group of cancers, accounting for about 1% of all breast cancers. The study presents a case series of MBC patients diagnosed, treated and followed up in one healthcare center.

Material And Methods: The study group comprised 18 women at the median age of 63 years.

Different expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in selected nonmelanocytic human cutaneous lesions.

The aim of our study was to elucidate the possible involvement of COX-2 in the development and/or progression of nonmelanocytic skin lesions. To evaluate the usefulness of that enzyme as a potential molecular marker, we examined the intensity and spatial distribution of COX-2 expression in selected types of such tumors using the same immunohistochemical procedure as in our earlier studies of melanocytic cancers. We examined 20 benign epithelial lesions, 11 precancerous lesions, 21 basal cell carcinomas (BCC), 14 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and eight fibromas.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) expression in nonmelanocytic human cutaneous lesions.

Lesions originating from different types of skin cells differ significantly with respect to their pathologic importance. The aim of this work was to examine as to what extent the differences in the origin are reflected in expression levels of CDK-2 and to investigate whether CDK-2 expression might be considered as potential marker useful for diagnostics and assessment of invasiveness of human nonmelanocytic lesions. We conducted comparative immunohistochemical studies of expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) in 16 benign epithelial skin lesions, 11 precancerous lesions, 19 cases of basal cell carcinoma (first such study), 14 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), and 7 fibromas.

[Pathomorphologic diagnostic guidelines for colon polyps].

Among polypoid laesions of the large bowel the great attention should be payed to Adenomas because of they neoplastic transformation capabilities. In this paper a classification of neoplastic adenomas extended with serrated adenoma and hyperplastic polyps with presence of tubular adenoma structures has been presented. The recommended laboratory procedures used in preparing of endoscopy material has been discussed.