Executive function is associated with behaviour problems in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability.

Background: Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) commonly have behaviour problems. The present study aimed to determine which of the most common clinical features experienced by children and adolescents with CP and intellectual disability are associated with behaviour problems.

Method: We investigated 11 possible associated variables including epilepsy, visual and hearing impairments, motor difficulties, communication and speech difficulties, pain, sleep disturbance, executive function (EF) deficits, type of CP, and parent stress.

Participation in mainstream community groups by older United States adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A multiple case study.

Background: Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities want to be included in all aspects of community life, but social inclusion continues to be very limited.

Method: We used a qualitative multiple case study to describe the experiences and perspectives of four older workers or retirees with intellectual and developmental disabilities aged 45 to 63 who each participated in a different socially inclusive community group.

Results: Three themes emerged: finding a good match; support for participation; and the outcomes of participating in a mainstream community group.

Childhood and Adulthood Predictors of Community Participation by Autistic Adults With and Without Intellectual Disability.

Background: Few studies have explored community participation for autistic adults, with or without intellectual disability. This study aims to investigate how autistic adults participate in the community, and the childhood and adulthood factors that predict community participation in adulthood.

Method: Eighty-four autistic adults (mean age 34 years; 67% with co-occurring intellectual disability) initially recruited as children and adolescents, participated in the current study.

Improving the sustainability and quality of kidney health care through life cycle assessments, quality improvement, education and technical innovations: the KitNewCare approach.

The European Union (EU)-funded KitNewCare consortium aims to create and manage a comprehensive EU-wide programme focusing on sustainability in Kidney Care. Around 850 million people have chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide and by 2030, 6 million will need kidney replacement therapy, mainly haemodialysis. As the world population gets older, projections for the end of the century worsen.

Interventions to reduce low-value care in intensive care settings: a scoping review of impacts on health, resource use, costs, and the environment.

Purpose: Low-value care is common in intensive care units (ICUs), unnecessarily exposing patients to risks and harms, incuring costs to the patient and healthcare system, and contributing to healthcare's carbon footprint. We aimed to identify, collate, and summarise published evidence on the impact of interventions to reduce low-value care in ICUs.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to 22 September 2023 for evaluations of interventions aiming to reduce low-value care, supplemented by reference lists and recently published articles.

Criminal Justice and People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are overrepresented in the criminal justice system both as victims/survivors and as offenders. The needs and circumstances of individuals from underserved communities have received scant attention in the literature. Stakeholders met online at the 2022 State of the Science Conference on Community Living to discuss criminal justice and to identify goals for research involving people with IDD.

Disability-related inequalities in the prevalence of loneliness across the lifespan: trends from Australia, 2003 to 2020.

Background: Experiencing loneliness can be distressing and increasing evidence indicates that being lonely is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that people with disability have increased risk of experiencing loneliness compared to people without disability. However, we do not know if these inequalities have changed over time.

Disability and loneliness in the United Kingdom: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of trends and transitions.

Background: Loneliness can have a detrimental impact on health, yet little is known about the association between disability and loneliness.

Methods: Secondary analysis of three waves of data collected between 2017 and 2020 by the UK's annual household panel study, Understanding Society. Direct age-standardisation was used to compare the prevalence of loneliness at each wave and the persistence of loneliness across all three waves for participants with/without disabilities aged 16-65 years.

Health and wellbeing outcomes associated with loneliness for people with disability: a scoping review.

Background: Loneliness is a significant public health concern due to its detrimental impact on health and wellbeing. Despite people with disability reporting higher levels of loneliness than the general population, there has been little research into how this is affecting their health and wellbeing. In light of this, the aim of our study was to scope both the existing evidence about the health and wellbeing outcomes associated with loneliness for people with disability, as well as the conceptual frameworks and measures utilised in this field of research.

Participation and Companions for Socially Inclusive Community Activities by U.S. Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

We investigated socially inclusive participation in mainstream community groups and religious services by U.S. adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities using weighted secondary analyses of 2018-2019 National Core Indicators data.

Analysis of an Australian death database of people with intellectual disability living out of the family home: Place of death and associated variables.

This study reports on a five-year data set about the deaths of 599 individuals in New South Wales Australia, who at the time of their death were living in out-of-home care. Analysis aimed to: i) gain a clearer understanding of place of death for people with intellectual disability; and ii) identify and analyse associated variables to investigate how well they predict place of death for this population. Hospital admissions, polypharmacy and living situation were the strongest standalone predictors of place of death.

From mainstream employment to mainstream retirement: A randomised controlled trial of a transition to retirement intervention for adults with intellectual disability.

Background: We evaluated a transition to retirement intervention that adapted strategies used to support employment of people with intellectual disability in mainstream workplaces. The intervention facilitated their independent participation in mainstream community groups and volunteering.

Methods: We randomised 29 older Australians who currently/previously worked in mainstream employment into an intervention group or wait-list control group.

Current services and outcomes of formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised US adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Deinstitutionalization research shows better services and outcomes relative to institutional life but has not compared formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised service users.

Methods: We used propensity score matching (PSM) to match formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised participants on six personal characteristics. Data came from the 2018 to 2019 National Core Indicators In-Person Survey.

Transition to retirement: The lived experiences of adults with intellectual disabilities.

Background: Adults with intellectual disabilities are living longer and experiencing retirement. However, research about retirement experiences is limited.

Method: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with 10 retired/retiring U.

Do Area-Level Environmental Factors Influence Employment for People with Disability? A Scoping Review.

Employment is an important social determinant of health and wellbeing. People with disability experience labour market disadvantage and have low labour force participation rates, high unemployment rates, and poor work conditions. Environmental factors are crucial as facilitators of or barriers to participation for people with disability.

The impact of the COVID pandemic on working age adults with disability: Meta-analysis of evidence from four national surveys.

Concern has been expressed about the extent to which people with disabilities may be particularly vulnerable to negative impacts of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. However, to date little published research has attempted to characterise or quantify the risks faced by people with/without disabilities in relation to COVID-19. We sought to compare the impact of the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated government responses among working age adults with and without disabilities in the UK on; COVID-19 outcomes, health and wellbeing, employment and financial security, health behaviours, and conflict and trust.

Social and community inclusion outcomes for adults with autism with and without intellectual disability in Australia.

Background: Research suggests that adults with autism tend to have poor outcomes. Outcomes have mostly been defined using summary outcome ratings, with less focus on specific outcomes such as employment, living situation, social satisfaction, loneliness, and friendships. This study aimed to explore social and community outcomes, including employment, education, living arrangements, friendships, and social satisfaction, for autistic adults with and without intellectual disability.

Community participation and staying home if you want: US adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Background: Requiring adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities to go on community outings with co-residents and staff is contrary to community-living policy's focus on person centredness and choice of activities/companions.

Method: We analysed 2018-19 National Core Indicators data from 36 US states concerning 7968 adults living in staffed, non-family, multi-client settings. The focus outcome was being able to stay home if you want when others in your home go out.

Functional Performance and the Allen Cognitive Level Screen for Adults With Mental Illness: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Research involving the use of the Allen Cognitive Level Screen (ACLS) in mental health practice has been available for more than 40 yr, yet there has been no comprehensive synthesis and review of this body of literature.

Objective: To review, summarize, compare, and evaluate the existing literature regarding the relationship between the ACLS and the functional and adaptive functional performance of adults living with mental illness.

Data Sources: Searches with no date limits were conducted in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ProQuest, and OTseeker databases.

Mothers and fathers with intellectual and developmental disabilities who use US disability services: prevalence and living arrangements.

Background: Little information is available on the prevalence of mothers and fathers with intellectual and developmental disabilities among US disability-service users. Child removal is a key issue for these parents.

Methods: We analysed 2018-19 National Core Indicators data from 35 states on US adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities being a parent.

Vaccine hesitancy among working-age adults with/without disability in the UK.

Objectives: To estimate levels of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among working-age adults with disabilities in the United Kingdom.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: Secondary analysis of data collected on a nationally representative sample of 10,114 respondents aged 16-64 years.