Optimizing indirect targeting of the centromedian nucleus for deep brain stimulation by incorporating third ventricular anatomy.

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the centromedian nucleus (CM) is used to treat diverse brain diseases including epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, and disorders of consciousness. However, the CM is challenging to visualize on routine MRI. Many surgeons use an indirect targeting method based on established stereotactic coordinates.

Neurostimulation for Generalized Epilepsy: Should Therapy be Syndrome-specific?

Current applications of neurostimulation for generalized epilepsy use a one-target-fits-all approach that is agnostic to the specific epilepsy syndrome and seizure type being treated. The authors describe similarities and differences between the 2 "archetypes" of generalized epilepsy-Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy-and review recent neuroimaging evidence for syndrome-specific brain networks underlying seizures. Implications for stimulation targeting and programming are discussed using 5 clinical questions: What epilepsy syndrome does the patient have? What brain networks are involved? What is the optimal stimulation target? What is the optimal stimulation paradigm? What is the plan for adjusting stimulation over time?

Persistent Lack of Female Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Fellows.

Purpose: To evaluate the gender composition of fellows, faculty, and leaders within orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs to provide a more complete description of gender diversity within this subspecialty.

Methods: Official program websites of orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships listed on the Arthroscopy Association of North America fellowship directory were examined. Data collected for analysis included the gender of program directors, fellowship faculty, orthopaedic surgery department faculty, current sports medicine fellows, and fellows who graduated within the last 5 years.

Females Are More Likely Than Males to Fill an Opioid Prescription in the Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To report rates of preoperative and postoperative opioid use between male and female patients and to identify risk factors for extended opioid use following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: Patients undergoing ACLR between 2011 and 2018 were identified from the PearlDiver database. The opioid refill rates for males vs females were compared at monthly intervals for 1 year after ACLR.

Diversity in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Societies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report demographic trends in terms of ethnicity/race and gender among the membership and leadership positions of the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA) and the American Orthopaedic Society of Sports Medicine (AOSSM). Over the years both AANA and AOSSM will increase in diversity through their committee membership and leadership positions.

Methods: AANA and AOSSM membership and leadership were reviewed for the years 2010, 2015, and 2020.

Examining the Healthcare and Economic Burden of Gun Violence in a Major US Metropolitan City.

Introduction: The highest rates of fatal and nonfatal injury due to firearms occur in the Southern United States. This study examined the epidemiology of gunshot wound (GSW) injuries and the association of injury severity with mortality.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 2016 to 2019 data from a mandatory reporting system for all licensed hospitals in Louisiana.

Bullying in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Survey of US Orthopaedic Trainees and Attending Surgeons.

Introduction: Bullying is a notable problem in surgery, creating a hostile environment for surgeons and trainees, and may negatively affect patient care. However, specific details regarding bullying in orthopaedic surgery are lacking. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and nature of bullying within orthopaedic surgery in the United States.

Hip Range of Motion During Passive and 1-Leg Exercises Is Greater in Women: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review.

Purpose: To summarize sex-related differences in hip range of motion (ROM), including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation.

Methods: We performed a systematic search of 3 databases (PubMed, CINAHL [Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature], and Embase). The search terms were as follows: hip, pelvis, range of motion, kinematic, men, and women.

WITHDRAWN:Persistent Lack of Female Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Fellows.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the gender composition of fellows, faculty, and leaders within orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs to provide a more complete analysis of gender diversity within this subspecialty.

Methods: Official program websites of orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships listed on the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA) fellowship directory were examined. Data collected for analysis included the gender of program directors, fellowship faculty, orthopaedic surgery department faculty, current sports medicine fellows, and fellows who graduated within the last five years.

Concomitant Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy Reduces the Risk of Revision Surgery After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for the Treatment of Patellar Instability.

Purpose: To compare postoperative complication rates between patients who underwent medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) and those who underwent MPFLR with tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) in a large-scale study. A secondary goal was to investigate demographic associations with outcomes.

Methods: Patients who underwent MPFLR (n = 3,480) or MPFLR-TTO (n = 615) for patellar instability were identified in the PearlDiver database.

Return to Play After Shoulder Arthroscopy in Major League Baseball Pitchers vs Position Players.

Background: Recovery from shoulder arthroscopy may vary between professional pitchers and position players in Major League Baseball (MLB). The time that it takes to return to play (RTP) and the level of skills to be regained after surgery are important factors for an athlete to consider when making career decisions.

Purpose: To identify MLB players who had arthroscopic shoulder surgery and observe their rates of RTP to MLB and the minor league, as well as to compare pre- and postinjury performance statistics and career metrics.

Doximity Orthopaedic Surgery Program Rankings Are Associated with Academic Productivity.

Unlabelled: Doximity residency rankings are used to compare training programs. Reputation is a component of Doximity rankings and is based on physician surveys. Outcomes-based measures allow for objective program comparison and may be more appropriate when assessing programs.

Age, female sex, and oral contraceptive use are risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A nationwide database study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors affecting anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and outcomes following ACL reconstruction in males versus females. This study also analyzed oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use, demographics (e.g.

Quality Assessment of YouTube Content on SLAP Tears.

Objectives: Superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) tears can cause shoulder pain, disability, instability, and humeral head translation. YouTube has become an increasingly popular source of medical information, but little is currently known in terms of quality control of the uploaded content. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of YouTube videos related to the diagnosis and treatment of Superior Labrum Anterior Posterior (SLAP) tears.

The Top 50 Articles on Knee Posterolateral Corner Injuries.

Purpose: To identify and characterize the most cited publications in orthopaedic research related to posterolateral corner (PLC) injuries of the knee.

Methods: The Science Citation Index Expanded was queried for PLC injury articles. The 50 most-cited studies from 1976 to 2021 were selected.

Sport Specialization Classification and Injury Risk in Female Athletes.

Background: Description of possible detrimental effects of sport specialization specific to adolescent female athletes is limited in current literature with no consensus on sport specialization classification.

Hypothesis: Specialized female athletes will have higher rates of injury, body image issues, and menstrual dysfunction, regardless of the specialization classification utilized.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Use of social media to supplement orthopaedic surgery resident education.

Objective: Social media popularity and utilization have increased in recent years. Past studies have shown high usage of video-sharing platforms such as YouTube as a surgery preparation tool for residents. The growth of social media presents opportunities in orthopaedic resident training, marketing, and networking.

Positive Association Between Online Attention and the Bibliometric Impact of Shoulder Instability Publications.

Purpose: To obtain a quantifiable measure of the frequency with which a shoulder instability article is discussed online and the association with its corresponding bibliometric impact, based on the Scopus Cite Score (SCS) or Web of Science Impact Factor (WSIF).

Methods: The top 100 most-mentioned articles on shoulder instability based on Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) were extracted from the Altmetric Database. Mentions within blogs, news articles and outlets, public policy, and social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, were included.

Patient Education Materials Found via Google Search for Shoulder Arthroscopy Are Written at Too-High of a Reading Level.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality and correlation of readability on actionability and understandability of shoulder arthroscopy-related patient education materials (PEMs) found via a routine Google search.

Methods: Two independent authors performed an online Google search with the term "shoulder arthroscopy." The first 5 pages of search results were then screened for PEMs.

Patients Report A Positive Experience on Social Media After Bankart Repair.

Purpose: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to analyze publicly available posts on Instagram and Twitter to gain an understanding of patients' perspectives regarding Bankart injuries and repair.

Methods: Public posts on Instagram and Twitter were queried from June 1, 2019, to June 1, 2020, with the following hashtags: #Bankart #Bankartrepair #Bankartlesion #labrumrepair #labralrepair #shoulderdislocation. Posts that did not contain those hashtags were excluded.

YouTube Videos Lack Efficacy as a Patient Education Tool for Rehabilitation and Return to Play Following Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of YouTube videos as a patient education resource related to rehabilitation and return to play following medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction.

Methods: YouTube was queried using 6 predetermined search terms. Videos were included if they met the following criteria: (1) written in the English language; and (2) within the first 100 videos for each search term.