Differential predictors of expressed emotion toward individuals with schizophrenia between families and halfway houses.

Background: This study investigated patient- and caregiver-related predictors of expressed emotion (EE) toward individuals with schizophrenia in families and halfway houses and yet understudied differential effects across settings.

Methods: We included 40 individuals with schizophrenia living with their families ("outpatients") and 40 "inpatients" in halfway houses and recorded the EE of 56 parents or 22 psychiatric nurses, respectively, through Five Minutes Speech Sample. Each outpatient was rated by one to two parents; each inpatient was rated by two to five nurses.

Family in Crisis: Do Halfway Houses Perform Better Than Families with Expressed Emotion toward Patients with Schizophrenia? A Direct Adjusted Comparison.

Expressed emotion (EE) toward patients with schizophrenia is typically reported to be lower in psychiatric halfway houses than in families. This is the first study directly comparing EE between these settings and investigating the pathways mediating EE differences. We included 40 inpatients in halfway houses and 40 outpatients living with their families and recorded 22 psychiatric nurses' and 56 parents' EE, respectively, through Five Minutes Speech Samples.

Differential correlates of criticism versus emotional overinvolvement towards patients with schizophrenia living in halfway houses or with their families.

Purpose: This study systematically searched for differential correlates of criticism vs. emotional overinvolvement (EOI) towards patients with schizophrenia in families and halfway houses, which have only incidentally been reported in previous research. Identified patterns were compared across settings.