Firearm possession among emergency department youth and young adults: A latent class analysis.

Introduction: Firearm injuries are a leading cause of death for youth/young-adults. We utilized latent class analysis to identify distinct motivational/behavioral patterns of firearm possession in a youth/young-adult emergency department sample to inform prevention strategies.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from surveys conducted among youth/young-adults (age = 16-29; n = 1311) seeking emergency department treatment (7/10/2017-6/25/2018).

Firearm violence and associated factors among young adults presenting to emergency departments in three cities: Baseline results from Project SPARK.

Objective: Recent shifts in U.S. violence dynamics call for updated violence epidemiology among general emergency department (ED) samples of young adults.

CO utilization in built environment the swing carbonation of alkaline solid wastes with different mineralogy.

Carbon mineralization to solid carbonates is one of the reaction pathways that can not only utilize captured CO2 but also potentially store it in the long term. In this study, the dissolution and carbonation behaviors of alkaline solid wastes (i.e.

Multinuclear NMR study of the effect of acid concentration on ion transport in phosphoric acid doped poly(benzimidazole) membranes.

(1)H and (31)P NMR spectra, line widths, spin-lattice relaxation times (T(1)), and (1)H self-diffusion coefficients (D) were determined for two distinct poly(benzimidazole) (PBI) proton exchange membranes (PEM), para-PBI and dihydroxy-PBI (2OH-PBI), both incorporating varying concentrations of phosphoric acid. The study was performed over the temperature range of 20-180 °C, for phosphoric acid concentrations of 30, 50, and 70 wt %. Of the two samples, less mobility was indicated for the 2OH-PBI compared with the para-PBI at all acid concentrations.

Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Electrochemically Discharged CF(x).

Electrochemical studies of three types of CF(x) (F - Fiber based, C - Petroleum coke based, G - Graphite based) have demonstrated different electrochemical performances types in previous work, with fiber based CF(x) delivering superior performance over those based on petroleum coke and graphite. (13)C and (19)F MAS (Magic Angle Spinning) NMR techniques are employed to identify the atomic/molecular structural factors that might account for differences in electrochemical performance among the different types of CF(x). Small quantitative variations of covalent CF and LiF are noted as a function of discharge and sp(3) bonded carbons are detected in discharged F type of CF(x).

Solid-State NMR Studies of Chemically Lithiated CF.

Three types of fluorinated carbon, all in their original form and upon sequential chemical lithiations via n-butyllithium, were investigated by (13)C and (19)F solid-state NMR methods. The three starting CF(x) materials [where x = 1 (nominally)] were fiber based, graphite based, and petroleum coke based. The aim of the current study was to identify, at the atomic/molecular structural level, factors that might account for differences in electrochemical performance among the different kinds of CF(x).

Effect of surface phosphorus functionalities of activated carbons containing oxygen and nitrogen on electrochemical capacitance.

Micro/mesoporous activated carbons containing oxygen and phosphorus heteroatoms were modified by incorporation of nitrogen using melamine and urea precursors. The surface chemistry was analyzed by the means of elemental analysis, XPS, and (31)P MAS NMR. The results indicate that upon the incorporation of nitrogen at high temperatures not only new species involving carbon/nitrogen/oxygen are formed but also the phosphorous environment is significantly altered.