Chest Wall Deformity in the Radiation Oncology Clinic.

Background/aim: To determine the incidence of pectus excavatum (PE) and define anatomical chest wall metrics predictive of elevated mean heart dose (MHD) in patients with left-sided breast cancer receiving adjuvant radiotherapy.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed 273 consecutively simulated patients from 1/2013-12/2014. Physical examination identified patients with clinically identifiable PE.

Immediate relativity: EEG reveals early engagement of comparison in social information processing.

A wide array of social decisions relies on social comparisons. As such, these decisions require fast access to relative information. Therefore, we expect that signatures of the comparative process should be observable in electrophysiological components at an early stage of information processing.

Multi-institutional experience of stereotactic body radiotherapy for large (≥5 centimeters) non-small cell lung tumors.

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is the standard of care for patients with nonoperative, early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) measuring < 5 cm, but its use among patients with tumors measuring ≥5 cm is considerably less defined, with the existing literature limited to small, single-institution reports. The current multi-institutional study reported outcomes evaluating the largest such population reported to date.

Methods: Clinical/treatment characteristics, outcomes, toxicities, and patterns of failure were assessed in patients with primary NSCLC measuring ≥5 cm without evidence of distant/lymph node metastasis who underwent SBRT using ≤5 fractions.

National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Point-of-Care Technology Research Network: Advancing Precision Medicine.

To advance the development of point-of-care technology (POCT), the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering established the POCT Research Network (POCTRN), comprised of Centers that emphasize multidisciplinary partnerships and close facilitation to move technologies from an early stage of development into clinical testing and patient use. This paper describes the POCTRN and the three currently funded Centers as examples of academic-based organizations that support collaborations across disciplines, institutions, and geographic regions to successfully drive innovative solutions from concept to patient care.

[Is the simplification of the immunization schedule applied? Review 2 years after its implementation].

Unlabelled: Repeating evaluations of vaccine coverage (VC) is essential to measure the implementation and effectiveness of vaccination policy. We report the results of VC in infants from the Vaccinoscopie study in 2014 to assess the changes secondary to the new 2013 immunization schedule.

Method: Study conducted on Internet among a representative sample of mothers reporting their child's vaccination record.

Vaccination of pregnant women in France.

Objective: Vaccination of pregnant women against seasonal influenza is recommended in France since 2010. We currently do not have any vaccination coverage (VC) data to assess the implementation of this recommendation.

Methods: Vaccinoscopie is an annual study conducted online using a self-administered questionnaire.

Simulation as an ethical imperative and epistemic responsibility for the implementation of medical guidelines in health care.

Guidelines orient best practices in medicine, yet, in health care, many real world constraints limit their optimal realization. Since guideline implementation problems are not systematically anticipated, they will be discovered only post facto, in a learning curve period, while the already implemented guideline is tweaked, debugged and adapted. This learning process comes with costs to human health and quality of life.

Influence of robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy on vaginal cuff healing and brachytherapy initiation in endometrial carcinoma patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy (RALH) compared with total abdominal hysterectomy by laparotomy (TAH) on vaginal cuff healing in early-stage endometrial carcinoma patients receiving adjuvant intravaginal brachytherapy (IVBT).

Methods And Materials: We included 137 consecutive patients who underwent adjuvant IVBT without external beam radiation therapy or chemotherapy for stage I-II endometrial carcinoma. All patients underwent either RALH or TAH.

The effect of microscopic margin status on survival in adult retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas.

Introduction: Resection is the primary treatment for retroperitoneal (RP) soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Whether obtaining microscopically negative margins (R0) improves overall survival (OS) over microscopically positive margins (R1) remains unclear.

Methods: Using the National Cancer Data Base, we identified adult patients diagnosed with RP STS after R0 or R1 resection from 1998 to 2011.

How personal standards perfectionism and evaluative concerns perfectionism affect the error positivity and post-error behavior with varying stimulus visibility.

Error detection is required in order to correct or avoid imperfect behavior. Although error detection is beneficial for some people, for others it might be disturbing. We investigated Gaudreau and Thompson's (Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 532-537, 2010) model, which combines personal standards perfectionism (PSP) and evaluative concerns perfectionism (ECP).

Pertussis vaccination coverage among French parents of infants after 10years of cocoon strategy.

Objectives: The cocoon strategy against pertussis has been recommended in France since 2004 to indirectly protect young infants who are not yet vaccinated. We aimed to measure vaccination coverage among French parents of infants.

Methods: A representative sample of 300 mothers and 200 fathers of infants aged <12 months completed a self-administered online questionnaire.

Managing atypical and typical herpetic central nervous system infections: results of a multinational study.

There have been many studies pertaining to the management of herpetic meningoencephalitis (HME), but the majority of them have focussed on virologically unconfirmed cases or included only small sample sizes. We have conducted a multicentre study aimed at providing management strategies for HME. Overall, 501 adult patients with PCR-proven HME were included retrospectively from 35 referral centres in 10 countries; 496 patients were found to be eligible for the analysis.

The effect of miscellaneous oral dosage forms on the environmental pollution of sulfonamides in pig holdings.

Background: Due to antibiotic treatment of humans and animals, the prevalence of bacterial resistances increases worldwide. Especially in livestock farming, large quantities of faeces contaminated with antibiotics pose a risk of the carryover of the active ingredient to the environment. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was the evaluation of the benefit of different oral dosage forms (powder, pellets, granula) in pigs concerning the environmental pollution of sulfadiazine.

Detecting Gene Rearrangements in Patient Populations Through a 2-Step Diagnostic Test Comprised of Rapid IHC Enrichment Followed by Sensitive Next-Generation Sequencing.

Targeted therapy combined with companion diagnostics has led to the advancement of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for detection of molecular alterations. However, using a diagnostic test to identify patient populations with low prevalence molecular alterations, such as gene rearrangements, poses efficiency, and cost challenges. To address this, we have developed a 2-step diagnostic test to identify NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, ROS1, and ALK rearrangements in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded clinical specimens.

The impact of the web and social networks on vaccination. New challenges and opportunities offered to fight against vaccine hesitancy.

Objective: Vaccine hesitancy is a growing and threatening trend, increasing the risk of disease outbreaks and potentially defeating health authorities' strategies. We aimed to describe the significant role of social networks and the Internet on vaccine hesitancy, and more generally on vaccine attitudes and behaviors.

Methods: Presentation and discussion of lessons learnt from: (i) the monitoring and analysis of web and social network contents on vaccination; (ii) the tracking of Google search terms used by web users; (iii) the analysis of Google search suggestions related to vaccination; (iv) results from the Vaccinoscopie(©) study, online annual surveys of representative samples of 6500 to 10,000 French mothers, monitoring vaccine behaviors and attitude of French parents as well as vaccination coverage of their children, since 2008; and (v) various studies published in the scientific literature.

Waning immunity against mumps in vaccinated young adults, France 2013.

In 2013, 15 clusters of mumps were notified in France; 72% (82/114) of the cases had been vaccinated twice with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. To determine whether the risk of mumps increased with time since the last vaccination, we conducted a case-control study among clusters in universities and military barracks. A confirmed case had an inflammation of a salivary gland plus laboratory confirmation in 2013.

Osmotic stress response in Acinetobacter baylyi: identification of a glycine-betaine biosynthesis pathway and regulation of osmoadaptive choline uptake and glycine-betaine synthesis through a choline-responsive BetI repressor.

Acinetobacter baylyi, a ubiquitous soil bacterium, can cope with high salinity by uptake of choline as precursor of the compatible solute glycine betaine. Here, we report on the identification of a choline dehydrogenase (BetA) and a glycine betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BetB) mediating the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine. The betAB genes were found to form an operon together with the potential transcriptional regulator betI.

Compliance with carbapenem guidelines in a university hospital.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate carbapenem prescription compliance with guidelines for nosocomial and community-acquired infections.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a prospective study over a four-month period at our university hospital. We included all adult and pediatric hospitalized patients who had received at least one dose of carbapenem.

How attitude strength and information influence moral decision making: Evidence from event-related potentials.

Moral judgments are based on complex processing. This study aimed to investigate neural correlates of moral decisions. Participants (N = 32) were asked to express their opinion on various moral issues while ERPs were recorded.

From Positivity to Negativity Bias: Ambiguity Affects the Neurophysiological Signatures of Feedback Processing.

Previous studies on the neurophysiological underpinnings of feedback processing almost exclusively used low-ambiguity feedback, which does not fully address the diversity of situations in everyday life. We therefore used a pseudo trial-and-error learning task to investigate ERPs of low- versus high-ambiguity feedback. Twenty-eight participants tried to deduce the rule governing visual feedback to their button presses in response to visual stimuli.