Publications by authors named "Staggs V"

There is a global initiative to reduce the use of restrictive care practices in mental health settings. Variations in the reported rates across regions complicate the understanding of their use and tracking trends over time. However, it remains unclear whether these discrepancies reflect real differences in the implementation of these practices or are sourced from inconsistencies in incident classification and reporting methods.

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Importance: The lack of inclusion of diverse population samples in food allergy immunotherapy clinical trials not only leads to decreased applicability to the general population in terms of results and treatments but can also be seen as a broader social injustice contributing to inequity within the health care system.

Objectives: To investigate the racial and ethnic distribution of participants included in food allergy immunotherapy clinical trials, and determine whether the racial and ethnic representation in trials accurately reflects the patients who experience food allergy.

Evidence Review: Data were collected from articles found on PubMed and ClinicalTrials.

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Background: This study assessed feasibility constructs of adolescent contraceptive care in the pediatric emergency department (PED), including contraception initiation.

Methods: We conducted a randomized trial in two PEDs with pregnancy-capable adolescents aged 15-18 years who were assigned to enhanced usual care (usual) or same-day initiation (same day). All received counseling and clinic referral, but same-day participants could also receive contraception in the PED.

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Article Synopsis
  • This report analyzes the effects of a new CYP2C haplotype (CYP2C:TG) on how proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are metabolized in children.
  • The study involved 41 children aged 6-21 and examined how the CYP2C:TG allele interacts with the CYP2C19 gene, which is important for PPI metabolism.
  • Results showed that the CYP2C:TG haplotype does not significantly affect PPI metabolism, indicating that routine testing for this haplotype is not necessary for adjusting PPI dosages in children.
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Objective: This study measured staff understanding and integration of trauma-informed care following comprehensive education.

Study Design: This mixed method design used the validated Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care (ARTIC) scale and open-ended survey questions via REDCap optional surveys. Trauma-informed care education was made available to staff members in a level IV NICU.

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Article Synopsis
  • A clinical study assessed how the genetic variant c.521T>C (rs4149056) affects atorvastatin levels in children and adolescents (ages 8-21) with high cholesterol, focusing on different genotypes.
  • Results showed that participants with the c.521T/C and c.521C/C variants had significantly higher plasma atorvastatin concentrations than those with the c.521T/T genotype, suggesting a possible genetic influence on drug metabolism.
  • The study found that this genetic variant explained about 65% of the variability in atorvastatin exposure, indicating the importance of personalizing dosage to avoid potential risks of toxicity, especially considering factors like body mass index.
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Background: Coercive or restrictive practices such as compulsory admission, involuntary medication, seclusion and restraint impinge on individual autonomy. International consensus mandates reduction or elimination of restrictive practices in mental healthcare. To achieve this requires knowledge of the extent of these practices.

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Background: Some studies indicate that pregnant Kenyan women were concerned about Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure during maternity care. We assessed concern regarding COVID-19 exposure and any impact on antenatal care (ANC) enrollment and/or hospital delivery among pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Kenya.

Methods: Data were collected from 1,478 pregnant women living with HIV enrolled in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) care at 12 Kenyan hospitals from October 2020 to July 2022.

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Despite clinical use of immunosuppressive agents, the immunopathogenesis of minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) remains unclear. Src homology 3-binding protein 2 (SH3BP2), a scaffold protein, forms an immune signaling complex (signalosome) with 17 other proteins, including phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) and Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 (VAV2). Bioinformatic analysis of human glomerular transcriptome (Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network cohort) revealed upregulated SH3BP2 in MCD and FSGS.

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Objective: Consistent family rules and routines promote positive adaptation to stress and may be protective to child emotional and behavioral functioning. Few studies have quantified family engagement in these behaviors during pediatric cancer treatment or examined associations with child emotional and behavioral health.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 86 primary caregivers of youth ages 2-14 years (M = 7.

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The management of pediatric Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) focuses on the prevention of intussusception complicating small intestinal (SI) polyposis. This hinges on the accurate appraisal of the polyp burden to tailor therapeutic interventions. Video Capsule Endoscopy (VCE) is an established tool to study SI polyps in children, but an in-depth characterization of polyp burden in this population is lacking.

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Objective: This study investigated outcomes of pharmacogenetic testing of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) referred to a precision medicine clinic and explored associations between patient characteristics and pharmacogenomic testing results.

Methods: Records for patients diagnosed with ASD and subsequently referred to a pediatric hospital's precision medicine clinic between July 1, 2010, and June 30, 2020, were reviewed. Pharmacogenetic testing results were abstracted focusing on CYP2D6 and CYP2C19.

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Scaling factors are necessary for translating in vitro drug biotransformation data to in vivo clearance values in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation. Values for microsomal protein per gram of liver are available from several sources for use as a scaling factor to estimate hepatic clearance from microsomal drug biotransformation data. However, data regarding the distribution of cytosolic protein per gram of liver (CPPGL) values across the lifespan are limited, and sparse pediatric data have been published to date.

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Background And Objectives: Restraint use is associated with negative mental health outcomes, injury risk, and known disparities in use. Improved understanding of restraint use among hospitalized children is critical given the increased frequency of hospitalized children with complex and/or acute mental health needs. Our objective is to describe the demographic and clinical features of children associated with mechanical restraint.

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Background There is limited evidence on the potential negative metabolic health impacts of prolonged and uninterrupted sedentary bouts in structurally disadvantaged youth. This study investigated associations between sedentary bout variables and metabolic health markers in the Hispanic Community Health Study/SOL Youth (Study of Latino Youth). Methods and Results SOL Youth was a population-based cohort of 1466 youth (age range, 8-16 years; 48.

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Objectives: We sought to examine in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection whether risk for thrombotic and thromboembolic events (TTE) is modified by presence of a diabetes diagnosis. Furthermore, we analysed whether differential risk for TTEs exists in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) versus type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

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Objectives: Unintended pregnancy in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is linked with negative outcomes. We sought to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a contraception intervention in the pediatric hospital.

Methods: We conducted a pilot study of hospitalized AYA females aged 14 to 21 years who reported past or anticipated sexual activity.

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Aims: We examined diabetes status (no diabetes; type 1 diabetes [T1D]; type 2 diabetes [T2D]) and other demographic and clinical factors as correlates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related hospitalization. Further, we evaluated predictors of COVID-19-related hospitalization in T1D and T2D.

Methods: We analyzed electronic health record data from the de-identified COVID-19 database (December 2019 through mid-September 2020; 87 US health systems).

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Frailty is a multi-dimensional clinical syndrome that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased quality of life. Children/adolescents with heart disease (HD) perform significantly worse for each frailty domain compared to non-HD peers. Our study aimed to create a composite frailty score (CFS) that can be applied to children/adolescents with HD and evaluate associations between the CFS and outcomes.

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Background: Obesity in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities) occurs at twice the frequency as their typically developing peers. Typically developing adolescents with obesity have abnormal cardiac function (as measured by strain echocardiography) and cardiac mass, but the effects of obesity on cardiac health in adolescents with Down syndrome or autism spectrum disorder are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index on cardiac function in adolescents with Down syndrome or autism.

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Background: A better understanding of the extent to which psychosocial and environmental correlates of physical activity are specific to locations would inform intervention optimization.

Purpose: To investigate cross-sectional associations of location-general and location-specific variables with physical activity and sedentary time in three common locations adolescents spend time.

Methods: Adolescents (N = 472,M = 14.

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CYP2D6 substrates are among the most highly prescribed medications in teenagers and also commonly associated with serious adverse events. To investigate the relative contributions of genetic variation, growth, and development on CYP2D6 activity during puberty, healthy children and adolescents 7-15 years of age at enrollment participated in a longitudinal phenotyping study involving administration of 0.3 mg/kg dextromethorphan (DM) and 4-h urine collection every 6 months for 3 years (7 total visits).

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Background: Gaps in the provision of guideline-adherent prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services and maternal retention in care contribute to nearly 8000 Kenyan infants becoming infected with HIV annually. Interventions that routinize evidence-based PMTCT service delivery and foster consistent patient engagement are essential to eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The HITSystem 2.

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Background: Pediatric Rome IV criteria are used to diagnose childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). This study of pediatric gastroenterology physicians measured their agreement in (1) Making a pediatric Rome IV FGID diagnosis; and (2) Diagnostic testing for patients with FGIDs.

Methods: Pediatric gastroenterologists and pediatric gastroenterology fellows at two medical centers completed a survey containing clinical FGID vignettes.

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