Identification of Serogroups and Distinction Between Typhoidal and Non-Typhoidal Based on ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy.

Salmonellosis is the second-most commonly reported foodborne gastrointestinal infection in the European Union and a major contributor to foodborne outbreaks globally. serotyping differentiates typhoidal strains requiring antibiotic therapy (e.g.

Monophasic Variant of Typhimurium 4,[5],12:i:- (ACSSuGmTmpSxt Type) Outbreak in Central Italy Linked to the Consumption of a Roasted Pork Product (Porchetta).

The monophasic variant of . Typhimurium 4,[5],12:i:- (MVST) is the third most commonly reported serovar involved in human infections (8.8%) in the EU and ranks after .

A Strong Evidence Outbreak of Enteritidis in Central Italy Linked to the Consumption of Contaminated Raw Sheep Milk Cheese.

Salmonellosis is the second most commonly reported gastrointestinal infection in humans after campylobacteriosis, and an important cause of foodborne outbreaks in the EU/EEA. The vast majority (72.4%) of the salmonellosis foodborne outbreaks reported in EU in 2019 were caused by Enteritidis, even if their total number due to this serovar decreased.

Antibiotic resistance pattern and virulence genesin avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from different breeding systems.

Colibacillosis is the most frequent bacterial disease in avian species and antimicrobials are the main weapon to reduce incidence and mortality associated to it. However, indiscriminate use of antibiotics may lead to therapy failure and economic losses for the breeder. The aims of this study were to, determine the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates, evaluate the correlation between E.

serovar distribution from non-human sources in Italy; results from the IT-Enter-Vet network.

The study summarises the results obtained over the period 2002-2013 by the Italian IT-Enter-Vet network, aimed at collecting data on isolates from non-human sources. A total of 42,491 isolates were reported with a progressive decrease over the years. Typhimurium was the most frequent serovar up to 2011, but then, it was overtaken by 4,[5],12,:i:-, Derby Livingstone and Enteritidis alternated as the third most commonly isolated serovars.

Association between pigs with high caecal Salmonella loads and carcass contamination.

Contaminated pork is a significant source of foodborne Salmonella infections. Pork is contaminated at the slaughterhouse; however, the mechanisms driving Salmonella contamination of carcasses are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the amount of Salmonella carried by slaughtered pigs in their guts has an influence on carcass contamination.

Performance in nondairy drinks of probiotic L. casei strains usually employed in dairy products.

The increase in vegetarianism as dietary habit and the increased allergy episodes against dairy proteins fuel the demand for probiotics in nondairy products. Lactose intolerance and the cholesterol content of dairy products can also be considered two additional reasons why some consumers are looking for probiotics in other foods. We aimed at determining cell viability in nondairy drinks and resistance to simulated gastric digestion of commercial probiotic lactobacilli commonly used in dairy products.

Prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter in broiler flocks and broiler carcasses in Italy.

In accordance with European Union regulations, from 5 February until 15 December 2008, sampling and analysis activities were conducted in Italy to assess the extent of contamination caused by thermotolerant Campylobacter in broiler chickens farmed nationwide. The survey involved 48 poultry slaughterhouses distributed across eleven regions of Italy, where the caeca and carcasses of 393 slaughter batches were sampled. A total of 284 batches (72.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli associated with a foodborne outbreak of gastroenteritis.

This study investigated two foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis that occurred 10 days apart among individuals who had meals at the restaurant of a farm holiday resort. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms were reported and none of the patients needed hospitalization. Mean incubation times were 45 and 33 h, and the overall attack rates were 43.

Impairment of rat thymocyte differentiation and functions by neonatal capsaicin treatment is associated with induction of apoptosis.

The direct and indirect interaction between the nervous system and its transmitters with the immune system was evaluated in the rat by using the neurotoxin capsaicin (Caps). In the present study we investigated the effect of Caps administration to neonatal rats on thymocyte subpopulation distribution and functions at different times after treatment. Caps treatment results in a marked reduction of thymus weight and cellularity.

Alterations of T cell distribution and functions in prenatally cypermethrin-exposed rats: possible involvement of catecholamines.

The synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, cypermethrin (50 mg/Kg) was given during gestation to pregnant rats by gavage in corn oil. Prenatal cypermethrin-exposure induces a marked and long-lasting increase of adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) plasma concentrations. The enhancement of plasma catecholamine levels was accompanied by a marked increase of CD5+, CD4+, and CD8+ total T cell numbers in the peripheral blood, while in the spleen a reduction of all T cell subsets was observed.