TMEM41B is a novel regulator of autophagy and lipid mobilization.

Autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis by targeting damaged organelles, pathogens, or misfolded protein aggregates for lysosomal degradation. The autophagic process is initiated by the formation of autophagosomes, which can selectively enclose cargo via autophagy cargo receptors. A machinery of well-characterized autophagy-related proteins orchestrates the biogenesis of autophagosomes; however, the origin of the required membranes is incompletely understood.

The pleiotropic deubiquitinase Ubp3 confers aneuploidy tolerance.

Aneuploidy-or an unbalanced karyotype in which whole chromosomes are gained or lost-causes reduced fitness at both the cellular and organismal levels but is also a hallmark of human cancers. Aneuploidy causes a variety of cellular stresses, including genomic instability, proteotoxic and oxidative stresses, and impaired protein trafficking. The deubiquitinase Ubp3, which was identified by a genome-wide screen for gene deletions that impair the fitness of aneuploid yeast, is a key regulator of aneuploid cell homeostasis.

Chromosome-Specific and Global Effects of Aneuploidy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Aneuploidy, an unbalanced karyotype in which one or more chromosomes are present in excess or reduced copy number, causes an array of known phenotypes including proteotoxicity, genomic instability, and slowed proliferation. However, the molecular consequences of aneuploidy are poorly understood and an unbiased investigation into aneuploid cell biology is lacking. We performed high-throughput screens for genes the deletion of which has a synthetic fitness cost in aneuploidy Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells containing single extra chromosomes.

Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals posttranslational responses to aneuploidy in yeast.

Aneuploidy causes severe developmental defects and is a near universal feature of tumor cells. Despite its profound effects, the cellular processes affected by aneuploidy are not well characterized. Here, we examined the consequences of aneuploidy on the proteome of aneuploid budding yeast strains.

Aneuploidy causes proteotoxic stress in yeast.

Gains or losses of entire chromosomes lead to aneuploidy, a condition tolerated poorly in all eukaryotes analyzed to date. How aneuploidy affects organismal and cellular physiology is poorly understood. We found that aneuploid budding yeast cells are under proteotoxic stress.