Formative Assessment and Cluster Membership of Homeless Persons' Emergency Department Visits.

Background Evidence is limited on whether homeless individuals who visit emergency departments (EDs) share similar clinical characteristics as individuals from private households who, upon examination, require emergency health services beyond preventative healthcare. While the literature is rich with studies on homeless persons in the ED, a comprehensive assessment of similarities and differences with other social groups is lacking. Consequently, there is a gap in knowledge as it pertains to the appropriate approaches that will further support the development of targeted healthcare and emergency health services for the homeless person.

Enteric Dysbiosis in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Associated Response to Stress.

Background Microbiome studies in humans, though limited, have facilitated the evaluation of the potential connection between the microbiome and brain function. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have several behavioral challenges and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, which may contribute to gut microbiome dysbiosis. Aim The aim of this study is to examine the extent to which the gut microbiome of children with ASD differs in comparison to children with neurotypical development (CWND) and to assess whether a probiotic intervention has the potential to influence the gut microbiome in mediating positive behavior change and stress regulation.