Small Airway Reduction and Fibrosis Is an Early Pathologic Feature of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

To improve disease outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), it is essential to understand its early pathophysiology so that it can be targeted therapeutically. Perform three-dimensional assessment of the IPF lung microstructure using stereology and multiresolution computed tomography (CT) imaging. Explanted lungs from patients with IPF ( = 8) and donor control subjects ( = 8) were inflated with air and frozen.

Changes in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment during Disease Progression in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

Anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy has proven efficacious against many cancers but only reached modest objective response rates against recurrent ovarian cancer. A deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) may reveal other immunosuppressive mechanisms that warrant investigation as immunotherapeutic targets for this challenging disease. Matched primary and recurrent tumors from patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) were analyzed by multicolor immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence for the presence of T cells, B cells, macrophages, and for the expression of immunosuppressive and HLA molecules.

Adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with metastatic ovarian cancer: a pilot study.

:Ovarian cancer (OC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with two thirds of patients experiencing recurrent disease with a poor prognosis. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has shown curative potential in malignant melanoma, but has only been investigated scarcely in other cancers. In this pilot study, we tested TIL based ACT in patients with metastatic OC.

Interfaces of Malignant and Immunologic Clonal Dynamics in Ovarian Cancer.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) exhibits extensive malignant clonal diversity with widespread but non-random patterns of disease dissemination. We investigated whether local immune microenvironment factors shape tumor progression properties at the interface of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and cancer cells. Through multi-region study of 212 samples from 38 patients with whole-genome sequencing, immunohistochemistry, histologic image analysis, gene expression profiling, and T and B cell receptor sequencing, we identified three immunologic subtypes across samples and extensive within-patient diversity.