The elusive role of herpesviruses in Alzheimer's disease: current evidence and future directions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. While pathologic hallmarks, such as extracellular beta-amyloid plaques, are well-characterized in affected individuals, the pathogenesis that causes plaque formation and eventual cognitive decline is not well understood. A recent resurgence of the decades-old "infectious hypothesis" has garnered increased attention on the potential role that microbes may play in AD.

Feline Pituitary Adenomas: Correlation of Histologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics With Clinical Findings and Case Outcome.

Pituitary glands from 141 feline autopsy cases were reviewed histologically. Adenoma and hyperplasia were the most common lesions at 13 cases each. Pituitary adenoma was more likely than hyperplasia to be associated with clinical evidence of endocrinopathy or an intracranial mass ( < .

Effect of Radiation on DCE-MRI Pharmacokinetic Parameters in a Rabbit Model of Compromised Maxillofacial Wound Healing: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN), a potentially debilitating complication of maxillofacial radiation, continues to present a challenging clinical scenario, with limited treatment options that often fail. Translational animal models that can accurately mimic the human characteristics of the condition are lacking. In the present pilot study, we aimed to characterize the effects of radiation on the dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) pharmacokinetic parameters in a rabbit model of compromised maxillofacial wound healing to determine its potential as a translational model of ORN.

Anti-tumor immunity induced by ectopic expression of viral antigens is transient and limited by immune escape.

Immunotherapeutic treatments in head and neck cancer clinical trials include cancer vaccines targeting foreign viral antigens or mutational neoantigens derived from cancer-expressed proteins. Anti-tumor immune responses place cancer cells under selective pressure to lose or downregulate target antigens; therefore, vaccination against virus- or host- "driver" oncogenes are proposed as a strategy to overcome immune escape. Herein, we demonstrate the impact of immunogenic viral antigens on anti-tumor response and immune editing in MOC2-E6E7, a syngeneic murine oral cancer cell line expressing HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins.

Development and Characterization of a Rabbit Model of Compromised Maxillofacial Wound Healing.

Maxillofacial defects often present the clinical challenge of a compromised wound bed. Preclinical evaluation of tissue engineering techniques developed to facilitate healing and reconstruction typically involves animal models with ideal wound beds. The healthy wound bed scenario does not fully mimic the complex clinical environment in patients, which can lead to technology failure when translating from preclinical in vivo research to clinical use.