Promoting optimal mental health outcomes for children and youth.

While paediatric care providers are often the first point of contact for children or youth experiencing mental health challenges, they may lack the resources (e.g., access to a multidisciplinary team) or training to adequately identify or manage such problems.

Genotype-phenotype correlation at codon 1740 of SETD2.

The SET domain containing 2, histone lysine methyltransferase encoded by SETD2 is a dual-function methyltransferase for histones and microtubules and plays an important role for transcriptional regulation, genomic stability, and cytoskeletal functions. Specifically, SETD2 is associated with trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me3) and methylation of α-tubulin at lysine 40. Heterozygous loss of function and missense variants have previously been described with Luscan-Lumish syndrome (LLS), which is characterized by overgrowth, neurodevelopmental features, and absence of overt congenital anomalies.

Identification of Preschool Children with Mental Health Problems in Primary Care: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Primary care practitioners determine access to care for many preschool children with mental health (MH) problems. This study examined rates of mental health (MH) problem identification in preschoolers within primary healthcare settings, related service use, and MH status at follow-up. The findings may inform evidence-based policy and practice development for preschool MH.

Visual disorders with psychostimulants: A paediatric case report.

Methylphenidate- and amphetamine-based psychostimulants are the most common medications used to treat the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Ocular side effects including dry eyes, mydriasis, accommodation disturbance, and blurry vision are listed in the product monograph but interestingly, are rarely reported in the paediatric literature. Our patient, a 9-year-old boy, presented a significant decrease in visual acuity secondary to accommodation disorder after being treated with methylphenidate hydrochloride controlled release (Biphentin) and lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse).

Evaluation of the child with global developmental delay and intellectual disability.

Global developmental delay (GDD) and intellectual disability (ID) are common concerns in the paediatric setting. Etiologies of both conditions are highly heterogeneous. The American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Neurology and the British Columbia-based Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavor (TIDE) protocol have each proposed multitiered investigations of GDD/ID to guide physicians toward an understanding of etiology that optimizes therapeutic yield.

ADHD in children and youth: Part 1-Etiology, diagnosis, and comorbidity.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. Three position statements have been developed by the Canadian Paediatric Society, following systematic literature reviews. Statement objectives are to: 1) Summarize the current clinical evidence regarding ADHD,2) Establish a standard for ADHD care, and3) Assist Canadian clinicians in making well-informed, evidence-based decisions to enhance care of children and youth with this condition.

ADHD in children and youth: Part 3-Assessment and treatment with comorbid ASD, ID, or prematurity.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. Three position statements have been developed by the Canadian Paediatric Society, following systematic literature reviews. Statement objectives are to: 1) Summarize the current clinical evidence regarding ADHD,2) Establish a standard for ADHD care, and3) Assist Canadian clinicians in making well-informed, evidence-based decisions to enhance care of children and youth with this condition.

ADHD in children and youth: Part 2-Treatment.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. Three position statements have been developed by the Canadian Paediatric Society, following systematic literature reviews. Statement objectives are to: 1) Summarize the current clinical evidence regarding ADHD,2) Establish a standard for ADHD care, and3) Assist Canadian clinicians in making well-informed, evidence-based decisions to enhance care of children and youth with this condition.

Screening for disruptive behaviour problems in preschool children in primary health care settings.

Disruptive behaviour problems in preschool children are significant risk factors for, and potential components of, neurodevelopmental and mental health disorders. Some noncompliance, temper tantrums and aggression between 2 and 5 years of age are normal and transient. However, problematic levels of disruptive behaviour, specifically when accompanied by functional impairment and/or significant distress, should be identified because early intervention can improve outcome trajectories.

Erratum: Screening for disruptive behaviour problems in preschool children in primary health care settings.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxx128.]

Screening for Disruptive Behaviour Problems in Preschool Children in Primary Health Care Settings.

Disruptive behaviour problems in preschool children are significant risk factors for, and potential components of, neurodevelopmental and mental health disorders. Some non-compliance, temper tantrums and aggression between two and five years of age are normal and transient. However, problematic levels of disruptive behaviour, specifically when accompanied by functional impairment and/or significant distress, should be identified because early intervention can improve outcome trajectories.

Canadian guidelines on pharmacotherapy for disruptive and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, or conduct disorder.

Objective: To develop evidence-based guidelines on pharmacotherapy for severe disruptive and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), or conduct disorder (CD). The guidelines assume that psychosocial interventions have been pursued but did not achieve sufficient improvement.

Method: A multidisciplinary consensus group used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach for rating evidence quality and for grading recommendations.

Persistent Handwriting Difficulties in Children With ADHD After Treatment With Stimulant Medication.

Objective: Children with ADHD often present with handwriting difficulties. However, the extent to which motor and attention skills influence performance in this group has not yet been explored. The objective of this study was to examine the factors associated with change in handwriting performance.

Motor skills of children newly diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder prior to and following treatment with stimulant medication.

Motor difficulties are common in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although preliminary evidence has suggested that methylphenidate can improve the motor skills in children with ADHD and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), the effect of stimulant medication on motor performance in children newly diagnosed with ADHD with or without motor impairment remains unclear. A cohort study of 49 medication-naïve children (39 male; mean age 8.

Serotonergic contribution to boys' behavioral regulation.

Objectives: Animal and human adult studies reveal a contribution of serotonin to behavior regulation. Whether these findings apply to children is unclear. The present study investigated serotonergic functioning in boys with a history of behavior regulation difficulties through a double-blind, acute tryptophan supplementation procedure.

Handwriting capacity in children newly diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Unlabelled: Preliminary evidence suggests that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may exhibit handwriting difficulties. However, the exact nature of these difficulties and the extent to which they may relate to motor or behavioural difficulties remains unclear. The aim of this study was to describe handwriting capacity in children newly diagnosed with ADHD and identify predictors of performance.

Omega-3 fatty acid treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Although several clinical trials have evaluated the impact of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), changes in plasma PUFA composition were not always assessed following n-3 supplementation. Furthermore, no reports are available on the efficacy of n-3 PUFA in Canadian youth with ADHD.

Objectives: To determine fatty acid (FA) composition, and the efficacy and safety of n-3 PUFA supplementation on ADHD clinical symptoms in French Canadian primary school children.

Lipid profile, fatty acid composition and pro- and anti-oxidant status in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent behavioral disorder in children and the pathophysiology remains obscure. In addition to the pharmacotherapy, which is the primary treatment of ADHD, nutritional intervention may have a significant impact on ADHD symptoms. We studied lipid and lipoprotein profiles, fatty acid (FA) composition, and oxidant-antioxidant status in 37 pediatric ADHD patients and 35 healthy control subjects.