The clinical characteristics, managements, and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in osteoarthritis patients; a cross-sectional analysis of 6.5 million patients.

Objectives: The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease are increasing and both conditions share similar risk factors. We investigated the association between OA and receipt of invasive managements and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample, adjusted binary logistic regression determined the association between OA and each outcome variable.

Gaps in Modern Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease Research.

Heart failure and chronic kidney disease are common conditions and often coexist. Modern clinical trials are not entirely representative of heart failure patients in the community with respect to age and sex. Despite this, another group of heart failure patients, those with advanced chronic kidney disease, are even less represented in modern clinical trials.

Of Semiotics, the Marginalised and Laws During the Lockdown in India.

On 24th March 2020, the first nationwide complete lockdown was announced by the Prime Minister of India for 21 days which was later extended to 31st May 2020. Consequently, thousands of migrant workers placed in big cities had no other option but to go back to their native villages. Their journeys back to villages- thousands of kilometres on bicycles or foot due to the non-availability of public transport amidst the travel ban- were driven by the compulsions of food and shelter.

Reasons why osteoarthritis predicts mortality: path analysis within a Cox proportional hazards model.

Objectives: To identify potentially modifiable factors that mediate the association between symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) and premature mortality.

Methods: A population-based prospective cohort study; primary care medical record data were linked to self-report information collected by questionnaire in adults aged 50 years and over (n=10 415). OA was defined by primary care consultation and moderate-to-severe pain interference in daily life.

Response of stigma receptivity in CMS and male fertile line of Indian mustard (B. juncea) under variable thermal conditions.

Field experiments were conducted for 2 years to examine the response of stigma in two different pollination systems, viz., CMS line (MJA5) and open-pollinated variety (Pusa Bold) of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), to varying weather conditions created by different sowing dates. The CMS line MJA5 (female) with its male line in 8:2 (A:R) row ratio, and Pusa Bold in an isolated field were sown on 21st of October, 30th of October, and 18th of November in 2 consecutive years in North Indian condition.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.).

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop grown in India, China, Korea, Russia, Turkey, Mexico, South America, and several countries of Africa. Sesame seeds are rich in oil, proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and folic acid.

Hair casts.

Hair casts or pseudonits are circumferential concretions, which cover the hair shaft in such a way that, it could be easily removed. They are thin, cylindrical, and elongated in length. We present an unusual case of an 8-year-old girl presenting with hair casts.

Coenzyme Q10 production in plants: current status and future prospects.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or Ubiquinone10 (UQ10), an isoprenylated benzoquinone, is well-known for its role as an electron carrier in aerobic respiration. It is a sole representative of lipid soluble antioxidant that is synthesized in our body. In recent years, it has been found to be associated with a range of patho-physiological conditions and its oral administration has also reported to be of therapeutic value in a wide spectrum of chronic diseases.

Plant regeneration from mature embryo of commercial Indian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars.

A simple, efficient, reproducible and comparatively genotype-independent in vitro plant regeneration protocol was developed for ten commercial Indian bread wheat cultivars using mature embryos as the explants. Three different auxins and five different combinations of growth regulators in a modified Murashige and Skoog's basal medium were assessed for their effect on callus induction and plant regeneration, respectively, in a high yielding and widely grown cultivar, PBW-343. The optimized conditions were further evaluated with nine other commercial cultivars.

Postoperative airway management after nasal endoscopic sinus surgery: A comparison of traditional nasal packing with nasal airway.

Background: Nasal packing after the nasal surgery can be extremely hazardous and can lead to airway complications such as dyspnea and respiratory obstruction.

Objective: The present study aimed at comparing the traditional nasal packing with nasal airway during the immediate postoperative period in patients undergoing fibreoptic endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anaesthesia (GA) with regards to airway management.

Materials And Methods: The study groups consisted of 90 ASA grade I and II patients aged 16 to 58 years who underwent FESS under GA.

Evaluation of genetic diversity and population structure of West-Central Indian cattle breeds.

Evaluations of genetic diversity in domestic livestock populations are necessary to implement region-specific conservation measures. We determined the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships among eight geographically and phenotypically diverse cattle breeds indigenous to west-central India by genotyping these animals for 22 microsatellite loci. A total of 326 alleles were detected, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.

The challenging aspects and successful anaesthetic management in a case of situs inversus totalis.

Situs inversus totalis is a rare condition with a predicted incidence of one in 10,000 among the general population, the aetiologic factors for which are still not completely understood. In a patient with situs inversus totalis, not just the diagnosis of any acute abdomen pathology is difficult due to distorted anatomy and transposition of thoraco abdominal viscera but equally challenging is the anaesthetic management during the respective surgical procedure. We are reporting a patient who had situs inversus totalis and was operated for open cholecystectomy.

Prevention of hypotension and prolongation of postoperative analgesia in emergency cesarean sections: A randomized study with intrathecal clonidine.

Background And Context: Different adjuvants been tried out for neuraxial anesthesia in emergency caesarean section so that the dose of the local anesthetic can be reduced and hypotension thereby prevented.

Aims And Objectives: The present study was carried out in patients presenting for emergency lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) to establish the dose of intrathecal clonidine that would allow reduction of the dose of local anesthetic (thereby reducing the incidence and magnitude of hypotension) while at the same time providing clinically relevant prolongation of spinal anesthesia without significant side effects.

Materials And Methods: This randomized clinical study was carried out in our institution among 100 pregnant females who underwent emergency caesarean section.

Attenuation of pressor response and dose sparing of opioids and anaesthetics with pre-operative dexmedetomidine.

Background And Aims: Alpha-2 agonists are being increasingly used as adjuncts in general anaesthesia, and the present study was carried out to investigate the ability of intravenous dexmedetomidine in decreasing the dose of opioids and anaesthetics for attenuation of haemodynamic responses during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

Methods: ONE HUNDRED PATIENTS SCHEDULED FOR ELECTIVE GENERAL SURGERY WERE RANDOMIZED INTO TWO GROUPS: D and F (n=50 in each group). Group D were administered 1 μg/kg each of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl while group F received 2 μg/kg of fentanyl pre-operatively.

Reduction in the incidence of shivering with perioperative dexmedetomidine: A randomized prospective study.

Background And Aims: Shivering is distressing to the patient and discomforting to the attending anesthesiologist, with a varying degree of success. Various drugs and regimens have been employed to abolish the occurrence of shivering. The present study aims to explore the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine in suppressing the postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Penile block for paediatric urological surgery: A comparative evaluation with general anaesthesia.

Aim: Peri-operative pain relief in children can be provided by conventional general anaesthesia or by regional nerve blocks. The present study was carried out to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of penile block for penile surgery with the standard technique of general anaesthesia (GA) of short duration of less than two hours, and also to evaluate the postoperative pain relief obtained by penile block.

Materials And Methods: The study was carried out in the department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive care of our hospital, on 60 children in the age group of 1-10 years, belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grades I and II, and divided randomly into two groups: Group B and group G, comprising of 30 patients each.

Comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl for epidural analgesia in lower limb orthopedic surgeries.

Background And Aims: Opioids as epidural adjunct to local anesthetics (LA) have been in use since long and α-2 agonists are being increasingly used for similar purpose. The present study aims at comparing the hemodynamic, sedative, and analgesia potentiating effects of epidurally administered fentanyl and dexmedetomidine when combined with ropivacaine.

Methods: A total of one hundred patients of both gender aged 21-56 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) physical status I and II who underwent lower limb orthopedic surgery were enrolled into the present study.

Single-incision versus standard multiport laparoscopic colectomy: a multicenter, case-controlled comparison.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare single-incision laparoscopic colectomy (SILC) to multiport laparoscopic colectomy (MLC) when performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.

Background: Recent case reports and single institution series have demonstrated the feasibility of SILC. Few comparative studies for MLC and SILC have been reported.

Designing, managing and improving the operative and intensive care in polytrauma.

Background And Context: Polytrauma is a leading cause of mortality in the developing countries and efforts from various quarters are required to deal with this increasing menace.

Aims And Objectives: An attempt has been made by the coordinated efforts of the intensive care and trauma team of a newly established tertiary care institute in designing and improving the trauma care services to realign its functions with national policies by analyzing the profile of polytrauma victims and successfully managing them.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out among the 531 polytrauma admissions in the emergency department.

Anesthetic considerations and difficult airway management in a case of Noonan syndrome.

Noonan syndrome is a genetically transmitted autosomal dominant disorder characterized by various anatomic anomalies and pathophysiologic derangements. Anesthetic management in such cases poses a multitude of challenges, especially related to the airway management and maintenance of cardiovascular stability. We report a case of a 9-year-old male child weighing 24 kg, who was diagnosed as a case of Noonan syndrome and had undergone ligation of patent ductus arteriosus during early childhood.

Dexmedetomidine and clonidine in epidural anaesthesia: A comparative evaluation.

Efforts to find a better adjuvant in regional anaesthesia are underway since long. Aims and objectives are to compare the efficacy and clinical profile of two α-2 adrenergic agonists, dexmedetomidine and clonidine, in epidural anaesthesia with special emphasis on their sedative properties and an ability to provide smooth intra-operative and post-operative analgesia. A prospective randomized study was carried out which included 50 adult female patients between the ages of 44 and 65 years of (American Society of Anaesthesiologists) ASAI/II grade who underwent vaginal hysterectomies.

Anesthetic and airway management of a child with a large upper-lip hemangioma.

An 11-month-old male child weighing 8 kg was brought to the plastic surgery out-patient department by his parents with chief complaints of sudden increase in size of a swelling over the upper lip and difficulty in feeding for the last 7 days. It was diagnosed as a case of hemangioma of the upper lip. All the routine and special investigations including coagulation profile of the child were normal.

Palonosetron: A novel approach to control postoperative nausea and vomiting in day care surgery.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the complications which hamper the successful implementation of day care surgical procedure in spite of the availability of so many antiemetic drugs and regimens for its prevention. The aim was to compare the prophylactic effects of intravenously (IV) administered ondansetron and palonosetron on PONV prevention in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery under general anesthesia.

Methods: A prospective double-blind study comprised of 60 ASAI/II female patients between the age group of 25 and 40 years was carried out in the Departments of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology of our institute.