Publications by authors named "Ss Kronsberg"
Background: Systemic thromboxane A generation, which is readily assessed by quantifying thromboxane B metabolites (TXB-M) in the urine, is associated with impaired cardiac performance and mortality in aspirin (ASA) users with heart failure (HF).
Objectives: This study sought to determine the association of urinary TXB-M with the risk of developing HF in individuals without prior history of HF and with normal left ventricular function irrespective of ASA use.
Methods: Urine TXB-M were measured by immunoassay and adjusted to urine concentration and renal function (TXB-M) in 2,611 Framingham Heart Study participants (54.
Background: Systemic thromboxane A2 generation, assessed by quantifying the concentration of stable thromboxane B2 metabolites (TXB2-M) in the urine adjusted for urinary creatinine, is strongly associated with mortality risk. We sought to define optimal TXB2-M cutpoints for aspirin users and nonusers and determine if adjusting TXB2-M for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in addition to urinary creatinine improved mortality risk assessment.
Methods: Urinary TXB2-M were measured by competitive ELISA in 1363 aspirin users and 1681 nonusers participating in the Framingham Heart Study.
Background: Persistent systemic thromboxane generation, predominantly from nonplatelet sources, in aspirin (ASA) users with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a mortality risk factor.
Objectives: This study sought to determine the mortality risk associated with systemic thromboxane generation in an unselected population irrespective of ASA use.
Methods: Stable thromboxane B metabolites (TXB-M) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in banked urine from 3,044 participants (mean age 66 ± 9 years, 53.
Importance: Although effective agents are available to prevent painful vaso-occlusive episodes of sickle cell disease (SCD), there are no disease-modifying therapies for ongoing painful vaso-occlusive episodes; treatment remains supportive. A previous phase 3 trial of poloxamer 188 reported shortened duration of painful vaso-occlusive episodes in SCD, particularly in children and participants treated with hydroxyurea.
Objective: To reassess the efficacy of poloxamer 188 for vaso-occlusive episodes.
Myocardial perfusion grade after late infarct artery recanalization is associated with global and regional left ventricular function at one year: analysis from the Total Occlusion Study of Canada-2.
Circ Cardiovasc Interv
December 2010
Background: Whether myocardial perfusion grade (MPG) following late recanalization of infarct-related arteries (IRAs) predicts left ventricular (LV) function recovery beyond the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown.
Methods And Results: The Total Occlusion Study of Canada-2 enrolled stable patients with a persistently occluded IRA beyond 24 hours and up to 28 days post-MI. We studied the relationship between the initial MPG and changes in LV function and volume as well as the change in MPG from immediate post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to 1 year in 139 PCI patients with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 3 epicardial flow post-PCI and with paired values grouped into impaired or good MPG groups (MPG 0/1 or MPG 2/3).
Aim: To study if impaired renal function is associated with increased risk of peri-infarct heart failure (HF) in patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF).
Methods: Patients with occluded infarct-related arteries (IRAs) between 1 to 28 d after myocardial infarction (MI) were grouped into chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Rates of early post-MI HF were compared among eGFR groups.
Objectives: Determine nursing home characteristics related to adherence to use of a hip protector (HP) to prevent fracture; also describe adherence and related resident characteristics.
Design: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial of a HP in which adherence to wearing the HP was monitored by research staff 3 times a week for up to 21 months; data were collected by interviews and chart review.
Setting: Thirty-five nursing homes in Boston, St.
Objective: To evaluate the distribution and determinants of myocardial perfusion grade (MPG) following late recanalization of persistently occluded infarct-related arteries (IRA).
Background: MPG reflects microvascular integrity. It is an independent prognostic factor following myocardial infarction, but has been studied mainly in the setting of early reperfusion.
This study evaluated early neurobehavioral outcomes in ventilated preterm infants randomized to receive morphine analgesia or placebo in the Neurological Outcomes and Pre-emptive Analgesia in Neonates (NEOPAIN) trial. Eight hundred and ninety-eight infants between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation were randomized to receive preemptive morphine analgesia (morphine) or placebo. Infants also received additional analgesia (AA) with open-label morphine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To investigate whether professional training and/or clinical experience affect the ability of caregiver to assess clinical signs of pre-emptive morphine analgesia.
Methods: In the Neurological Outcomes & Pre-emptive Analgesia In Neonates trial preterm infants undergoing mechanical ventilation were randomized to receive continuous infusion, either of morphine or placebo blinded. Staff from centres in Sweden (Stockholm and Orebro) completed an assessment form.
Background: The use of opioid therapy for sedation and analgesia among ventilated infants varies among care providers. The impact of opioid therapy early in the neonatal course of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) on pulmonary outcomes is not known.
Objective: We tested the hypothesis that preterm neonates randomized to the morphine infusion group would have improved ventilatory outcomes, measured as shorter durations of ventilator or oxygen therapy, fewer air leaks, and lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Objectives: Hypotension occurs commonly among preterm neonates, but its cause and consequences remain unclear. Secondary data analyses from the NEOPAIN trial identified the clinical factors associated with hypotension and examined the contributions of morphine treatment or hypotension to severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (grades 3 and 4), any IVH (grades 1-4), or death.
Methods: In the NEOPAIN trial, 898 ventilated neonates between 23 and 32 weeks of gestation were enrolled, with equal numbers randomized to receive masked morphine or placebo infusions.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of birth center (inborn versus outborn) on morbidity and mortality for preterm neonates (23 to 32 weeks) using data collected prospectively within a uniform protocol.
Study Design: Secondary analyses of data from the NEurologic Outcomes and Pre-emptive Analgesia In Neonates (NEOPAIN) trial (n=898) were performed to evaluate the effect of inborn versus outborn delivery on neonatal outcomes, including the occurrence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), chronic lung disease (CLD), and mortality.
Results: Outborn babies were more likely to have severe IVH (p=0.
Background: Opioid analgesia is commonly used during neonatal intensive care. We undertook the Neurologic Outcomes and Pre-emptive Analgesia in Neonates (NEOPAIN) trial to investigate whether pre-emptive morphine analgesia decreases the rate of a composite primary outcome of neonatal death, severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), and periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) in preterm neonates.
Methods: Ventilated preterm neonates (n=898) from 16 centres were randomly assigned masked placebo (n=449) or morphine (n=449) infusions.
Objective: Patterns of pubertal maturation may have an impact on several risk factors associated with adult morbidity and mortality, such as obesity. We examined the relationship of the initial manifestation of puberty in girls with anthropometric measures, as well as age at menarche.
Methods: White females (n = 1166, ages 9 and 10 at intake) were followed with annual visits for 10 years.
Objective: To compare age-related changes in macronutrient and cholesterol intake between black and white girls, compare intakes with National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) recommendations, and examine sociodemographic associations with macronutrient intake.
Design: Cohort study with 3-day food records collected over 10 years.
Subjects: 2,379 girls, 1,166 white and 1,213 black, age 9 to 10 years at baseline, recruited from three geographic locations.
Objective: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) is a 10-year study to investigate the development of obesity in black and white girls during adolescence and its environmental and psychosocial correlates. The purpose of this report was to examine changes in the annual prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in the NGHS cohort from ages 9 to 19 years.
Participants And Setting: A total of 2379 black and white girls, aged 9 to 10 years, were recruited from schools in Richmond, California, and Cincinnati, Ohio, and from families enrolled in a health maintenance organization in the Washington, DC area.
Background: Physical activity declines during adolescence, but the underlying reasons remain unknown.
Methods: We prospectively followed 1213 black girls and 1166 white girls enrolled in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study from the ages of 9 or 10 to the ages of 18 or 19 years. We used a validated questionnaire to measure leisure-time physical activity on the basis of metabolic equivalents (MET) for reported activities and their frequency in MET-times per week; a higher score indicated greater activity.