Comparative photocatalytic performance of iron nanoparticles biosynthesized from aqueous extracts of potato, potato peels, and leaves.

This study presents an eco-friendly, cost-effective approach for synthesizing highly efficient nanocatalysts with the help of organic waste. Iron nanoparticles (INPs) were synthesized from aqueous extracts of potato, potato peel, and potato leaf and were evaluated for their photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of methylene blue dye. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed FeO nanoparticles cubic crystal structure with the smallest crystallite size (9.

Short Communication: Coinfection of Japanese Encephalitis and Scrub Typhus in Acute Encephalitis Patients in North India.

Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a significant public health issue in India, attributed to various etiologies. In eastern Uttar Pradesh, Japanese encephalitis (JE) was the leading cause of AES (10-14% of total AES) until scrub typhus (ST), caused by , was identified in cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples of AES patients contributing more than 60% of AES cases. This study investigates the prevalence of JE-ST coinfection and compares clinical outcomes among JE mono-infection, ST mono-infection, and JE-ST coinfection.

Breaking the silence: The role of extracellular vesicles in unraveling the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.

Cell-to-cell communication is believed to be facilitated by membrane-bound vesicles called extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are released by cells. Protein, lipids, and nucleic acids are major cargo of EVs and are transported in these vesicles. Depending on the parent and recipient cell types, they can affect a wide variety of biological processes in the tissues to which they are delivered.

Comprehensive virome profiling of sugarcane and simplified duplex OneStep RT-PCR assay reveals the prevalence of sugarcane streak mosaic virus along with sugarcane yellow leaf virus in India.

Background: Sugarcane is host of many viral pathogens that affects its growth and productivity. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) is comprehensive diagnostic platform that permit the precise detection of viral pathogens to resolve the disease epidemiology of the crop, thus providing the phytosanitary status of plants. The current work was designed to comprehend the virome profiling of sugarcane belonging to five varieties collected from the major crop producing states in India.

MRI Denoising Using Pixel-Wise Threshold Selection.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a promising technique for non-invasive medical imaging. The primary challenge in MRI is the trade-off between image visual quality and acquisition time. Current MRI image denoising algorithms employ global thresholding to denoise the whole image, which leads to inadequate denoising or image distortion.

Validation of the Scrub Typhus Encephalitis Assessment Tool for the Management of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome.

Introduction: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is one of the important causes of mortality among children in India. Active management of the cases, followed by addressing the cause of AES, is the key strategy for preventing mortality. Lack of laboratory facility and difficulty of sampling blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for assessing causes is one of the important barriers to early initiation of treatment.

A post-translational cysteine-to-serine conversion in human and mouse insulin generates a diabetogenic neoepitope.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects a genetically susceptible population that develops autoreactive T cells attacking insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Increasingly, neoantigens are recognized as critical drivers of this autoimmune response. Here, we report a novel insulin neoepitope generated via post-translational cysteine-to-serine conversion (C>S) in human patients, which is also seen in the autoimmune-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.

A dual-action strategy of propenyl guaethol: pilY-mediated biofilm inhibition and augmenting aminoglycoside antibiofilm activity against through and studies.

Flavoring compounds are natural or synthetic substances that enhance the food flavor. Research studies have demonstrated that flavoring compounds may have biological activities. In food industry, dominates spoilage and contamination of food products.

A novel gellan-based nanoemulgel delivery system for co-encapsulation and in vitro digestion of hydrophilic/hydrophobic nutraceuticals.

Preventive healthcare strategies are gaining attention over traditional approach of treating and managing diseases. The use of food hydrocolloids has garnered interest in developing innovative food formulations promoting healthy eating habits. Among emerging carrier systems, nanoemulgel holds significant potential with its ability to deliver hydrophilic and lipophilic nutraceuticals through a combination of nanoemulsion and hydrogel technology.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Cell Wall Proteins of Aminoglycosides Resistant and Sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates.

Introduction: The rising prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains resistant to aminoglycosides (amikacin and kanamycin) challenges effective TB control and treatment. Understanding the mechanisms behind this resistance is crucial since aminoglycosides are a mainstay of TB therapy.

Diastereomeric pure pyrazolyl-indolyl dihydrofurans: Unveiling isomeric selectivity in antibacterial action via in vitro and in silico insights.

Developing pure diastereoisomeric molecular hybrids for the selective inhibition of bacterial growth opened new avenues for combating the ever-increasing microbial resistance. Considering this, a series of diastereoisomeric pure pyrazolyl-dihydrofurans (7a-7y) were synthesized and characterized using NMR, LCMS, and X-ray crystallography. DFT based method was used to explore the configurational stability of cis over trans isomeric form.

Immunological landscape of solid cancer: Interplay between tumor and autoimmunity.

The immune system, a central player in maintaining homeostasis, emerges as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis and progression of two seemingly disparate yet interconnected categories of diseases: autoimmunity and cancer. This chapter delves into the intricate and multifaceted role of the immune system, particularly T cells, in orchestrating responses that govern the delicate balance between immune surveillance and self-tolerance. T cells, pivotal immune system components, play a central role in both diseases.

DNA damage response and neoantigens: A favorable target for triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. The interplay between DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms and the emergence of neoantigens represents a promising avenue for developing targeted immunotherapeutic strategies and vaccines for TNBC. The DDR is a complex network of cellular mechanisms designed to maintain genomic integrity.

Unraveling the Molecular Jam: How Crowding Shapes Protein Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Protein misfolding and aggregation are the hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and prion diseases. A crowded cellular environment plays a crucial role in modulating protein aggregation processes and the pathological aggregation of proteins linked to different neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review recent studies examining the effects of various crowding agents, such as polysaccharides, polyethylene glycol, and proteins like BSA and lysozyme on the behaviors of aggregation of several amyloidogenic peptides and proteins, including amylin, huntingtin, tau, α-synuclein, prion, and amyloid-β.

Accuracy of Different Dental Age Estimation Methods Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Comparative Study.

Background: Age assessment is useful in various fields of dentistry due to its ability to influence the planning of dental treatments. Dental age estimation methods are specifically based on age-related variables observed in two-dimensional (2D) radiographs in the dentition in terms of the time of emergence and are considered reliable in determining the chronological age; however, the inevitable problems of orientation errors found in 2D can be eliminated using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of different radiological dental age estimation methods using CBCT in relation to the chronological age of children.

Crinophagic granules in pancreatic β cells contribute to mouse autoimmune diabetes by diversifying pathogenic epitope repertoire.

Autoimmune attack toward pancreatic β cells causes permanent loss of glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Insulin secretory granules store and secrete insulin but are also thought to be tissue messengers for T1D. Here, we show that the crinophagic granules (crinosome), a minor set of vesicles formed by fusing lysosomes with the conventional insulin dense-core granules (DCG), are pathogenic in T1D development in mouse models.

To correlate clinical and biochemical profile of pleural effusion: a retrospective study in tertiary care centre of central India.

Background: Pleural effusion indicates an imbalance between pleural fluid formation and removal. Classified into exudative and transudative, with common symptoms of dry cough, dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. Confirmed etiology has to be established for effective treatment.