Surveillance for surgical site infections developed during hospital stay & after discharge: A multicentric study.

Background & objectives Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). They cause significant morbidity, leading to excess health expenditures and increased length of hospital stay. Despite a high population burden, data on post-discharge SSIs is lacking from low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Investigating emergency rescue readiness on Indian national highways: A case study of Jaipur-Jodhpur Highways (India) using a geospatial approach.

Background: Highways represent the most significant capital asset that any country's public sector holds. A system of national highways with easy access to ambulance and trauma centers is termed emergency rescue ready and helps reduce the mortality due to road accidents. Given the rich impetus for road infrastructure development by the government of India, there is a need to consider emergency rescue readiness on highways.

Interplay of niche and respiratory network in shaping bacterial colonization.

The human body is an intricate ensemble of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and this coexistence relies on the interplay of many biotic and abiotic factors. The inhabiting microbial population has to maintain its physiological homeostasis under highly dynamic and often hostile host environments. While bacterial colonization primarily relies on the metabolic suitability for the niche, there are reports of active remodeling of niche microenvironments to create favorable habitats, especially in the context of pathogenic settlement.

Distinguishing gene variant severity for mild, severe, and atypical peroxisome biogenesis disorders in .

Peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBD) are autosomal recessive disorders caused by loss-of-function mutations of one of the genes responsible for peroxisomal formation. Impaired peroxisome assembly causes severe multisystemic failure with patient phenotypes ranging from epilepsy, liver disease, feeding issues, biochemical abnormalities, and neurodegeneration. Variants in the same gene can produce wide differences in severity, ranging from individuals with death in the first year of life to adults with milder complications.

Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Thoracoscopic Surgery and Conventional Open Surgery for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in Neonates: A Meta-analysis.

Background: Thoracoscopic surgery is an increasingly popular surgical technique for the repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernias. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy, safety of thoracoscopic surgery and the conventional open surgical approach for congenital diaphragmatic hernia in neonates.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases such as PubMed, Google, and Web of Science was performed to identify studies comparing thoracoscopic surgery and open surgery for congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Autonomic Response Latency Revisited: Assessment of Repeatability in Healthy Subjects.

Background: Autonomic function assessment provides valuable information regarding the status of the autonomic nervous system. The time lag between the onset of orthostasis and the peak/nadir of heart rate response is a surrogate of the integrity of underlying autonomic neural pathways. Autonomic response latency (ARL) is a relatively novel yet underreported parameter in this context.

Quasi-periodic X-ray eruptions years after a nearby tidal disruption event.

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are luminous bursts of soft X-rays from the nuclei of galaxies, repeating on timescales of hours to weeks. The mechanism behind these rare systems is uncertain, but most theories involve accretion disks around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) undergoing instabilities or interacting with a stellar object in a close orbit. It has been suggested that this disk could be created when the SMBH disrupts a passing star, implying that many QPEs should be preceded by observable tidal disruption events (TDEs).

Exploring Ultra-short Heart Rate Variability Metrics in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Reliability Analysis.

Objectives: Ultra-short heart rate variability (HRV) metrics represent autonomic tone parameters derived using small epochs of interbeat interval data. These measures have risen in popularity with the advent of wearable devices that can capture interbeat interval data using electrocardiography (ECG) or photoplethysmography. Autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus (DM) is well established, wherein 5-min HRV is conventionally used.

Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction: Etiology, Management, and Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Center.

Background:  Intestinal obstruction in neonates remains a critical medical emergency in the field of pediatric surgery. Clinical conditions often experience a sudden deterioration in their appearance. Multiple factors contribute to unfavorable clinical outcomes in underdeveloped nations.

Physical features of Adam's Bridge interpreted from ICESat-2 based high-resolution digital bathymetric elevation model.

Adam's Bridge is a submerged ridge connecting India and Sri Lanka, generally regarded as a chain of shoals extending for ~ 29 km from Dhanushkodi on the Indian side to Talaimannar Island of Sri Lanka. A high-resolution digital bathymetric elevation model generated using the seafloor returned photons of ICESat-2 was used to understand the intricate details of Adam's Bridge structure. Photons emanating from ICESat-2's green laser have the potential to detect the seafloor up to a depth of ~ 40 m; taking a cue from this potentiality, in our research, we have accrued ~ 0.

A High-Resolution Digital Bathymetric Elevation Model Derived from ICESat-2 for Adam's Bridge.

This data descriptor elaborates the details of a high-resolution digital bathymetric elevation model generated for the region, namely, Adam's Bridge, which encompasses a chain of shoals between Rameswaram Island, off the southeastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the northwestern coast of Sri Lanka. The proposed dataset has taken advantage of the photon penetrability in the shallow waters by the green laser of ICESat-2 LiDAR to derive the seabed topography. Seafloor depths from ~0.

Electrical noise spectroscopy of magnons in a quantum Hall ferromagnet.

Collective spin-wave excitations, magnons, are promising quasi-particles for next-generation spintronics devices, including platforms for information transfer. In a quantum Hall ferromagnets, detection of these charge-neutral excitations relies on the conversion of magnons into electrical signals in the form of excess electrons and holes, but if the excess electron and holes are equal, detecting an electrical signal is challenging. In this work, we overcome this shortcoming by measuring the electrical noise generated by magnons.

Targeting self-care adherence for glycaemic control in multimorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus with depression using bupropion: a protocol for cross-over randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Diabetes and depression are among the 10 biggest health burdens globally. They often coexist and exhibit a strong bidirectional relationship. Depression leads to decreased adherence to self-care activities.

Developing a model for aqueous deficient dry eye secondary to periglandular cicatrizing conjunctivitis.

Purpose: The current study used various techniques to develop a rabbit animal model of lacrimal gland damage caused by scarring conjunctivitis in the periglandular area.

Methods: Left eyes of New Zealand white rabbits were injected with 0.1 ml of 1M NaOH subconjunctivally around superior and inferior lacrimal gland orifices (Group 1, n = 4), touched with 1M NaOH for 100 s to the superior and inferior fornices with conjunctival denuding (Group 2; n = 4), and electrocauterization to the ductal opening area (Group 3; n = 4).

The Drosophila Nesprin-1 homolog MSP300 is required for muscle autophagy and proteostasis.

Nesprin proteins, which are components of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, are located within the nuclear envelope and play prominent roles in nuclear architecture. For example, LINC complex proteins interact with both chromatin and the cytoskeleton. Here, we report that the Drosophila Nesprin MSP300 has an additional function in autophagy within larval body wall muscles.

Rapid evolution of piRNA clusters in the ovary.

The piRNA pathway is a highly conserved mechanism to repress transposable element (TE) activity in the animal germline via a specialized class of small RNAs called piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). piRNAs are produced from discrete genomic regions called piRNA clusters (piCs). Although the molecular processes by which piCs function are relatively well understood in , much less is known about the origin and evolution of piCs in this or any other species.

Accuracy and reliability of magnetic resonance imaging in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-ionizing imaging technique. Using MRI in dentistry may potentially lower the general radiation dose of the examined population, provided MRI can replace various radiation-based images. Furthermore, novel MRI imaging modalities for three-dimensional and two-dimensional cephalometrics have recently been developed for orthodontic diagnosis.

Newly formed dust within the circumstellar environment of SN Ia-CSM 2018evt.

Dust associated with various stellar sources in galaxies at all cosmic epochs remains a controversial topic, particularly whether supernovae play an important role in dust production. We report evidence of dust formation in the cold, dense shell behind the ejecta-circumstellar medium (CSM) interaction in the Type Ia-CSM supernova (SN) 2018evt three years after the explosion, characterized by a rise in mid-infrared emission accompanied by an accelerated decline in the optical radiation of the SN. Such a dust-formation picture is also corroborated by the concurrent evolution of the profiles of the Hα emission line.

Road accidents on Indian National highways, ambulance reachability and transportation of injured to trauma facility: Survey-based introspection of golden hour.

Background: The transportation system plays a crucial role in the context of socioeconomic development, whereas the highway infrastructure acts as a base for the transportation system. In recent years, a rich impetus has been given to the development of road infrastructure by Indian governance. There is a need to introspect how well the prevailing highway infrastructure is equipped with emergency rescue management during road accidents.

Risk of pulp necrosis and related complications in the permanent anterior teeth with lateral luxation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence related to the occurrence of pulp necrosis and related complications in permanent anterior teeth with lateral luxation. It was envisaged to address the ambiguity related to the recommendation for pulp extirpation in teeth with mature root apex. An a priori protocol was formulated as per the best practices of evidence-based medicine and registered in PROSPERO.

Electric-Field-Tunable Edge Transport in Bernal-Stacked Trilayer Graphene.

This Letter presents a nonlocal study on the electric-field-tunable edge transport in h-BN-encapsulated dual-gated Bernal-stacked (ABA) trilayer graphene across various displacement fields (D) and temperatures (T). Our measurements revealed that the nonlocal resistance (R_{NL}) surpassed the expected classical Ohmic contribution by a factor of at least 2 orders of magnitude. Through scaling analysis, we found that the nonlocal resistance scales linearly with the local resistance (R_{L}) only when the D exceeds a critical value of ∼0.

Amelioration of endothelial integrity by 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene against high-fat-diet-induced obesity and -associated vasculopathy and myocardial infarction in rats, targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/iNOS signaling cascade.

Exacerbated expression of TLR4 protein (foremost pattern recognition receptor) during obesity could trigger NF-κB/iNOS signaling through linker protein (MyD88), predisposed to an indispensable inflammatory response. The induction of this detrimental cascade leads to myocardial and vascular abnormalities. Molecular docking was studied for protein-ligand interaction between these potential targets and resveratrol.