The Rise of IGFBP4 in People with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Multilevel Sleep Surgery Recovers Its Basal Levels.

IGFBP4 is the smallest member of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein family (IGFBP). It is a hepatic protein that plays a role in modulating the activity and bioavailability of IGF-I. The expression of IGFBP4 was found to increase under conditions of hypoxia.

Targeted Metabolomics Analysis on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients after Multilevel Sleep Surgery.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is caused by partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways. Corrective surgeries aim at removing obstructions in the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. OSA is associated with an increased risk of various metabolic diseases.

Increased Level of Angiopoietin Like Proteins 4 and 8 in People With Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder caused by the complete or partial obstruction of the upper airways. The worldwide prevalence of OSA is increasing due to its close association with obesity epidemic and multiple health complications, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and Type 2 diabetes. Angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL)-4 and ANGPTL8 (betatrophin) have been suggested to play a role in the development of these diseases through their role in regulating the metabolism of plasma lipid molecules.

Increased Circulation and Adipose Tissue Levels of DNAJC27/RBJ in Obesity and Type 2-Diabetes.

Heat shock response is an essential cellular stress response. Dysregulation of various heat shock proteins (HSPs), within the heat shock response (HSR) pathway, play a vital role in this host-defense mechanism contributing to obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previously, we have reported changes in the expression levels of several HSPs such as HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in obese compared with lean individuals.

Increased plasma and adipose tissue levels of ANGPTL8/Betatrophin and ANGPTL4 in people with hypertension.

Background: Hypertension is a risk factor for both cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs), mainly ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8, are associated with increased plasma lipid content due to their role in regulating the activity of lipoprotein lipase, a key enzyme in metabolism of the lipoprotein in circulation. Dyslipidaemia is a risk factor for hypertension development; however, the roles of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 in subjects with hypertension have not yet been established.

Plasma and adipose tissue level of angiopoietin-like 7 (ANGPTL7) are increased in obesity and reduced after physical exercise.

Objective: ANGPTL7 is a member of the Angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) protein family that is composed of eight proteins (1-8). Increasing evidence is associating ANGPTL proteins to obesity and insulin resistance. The biological role of ANGPTL7 is yet to be understood except for a recently proposed role in the pathophysiology of glaucoma.

Optical coherence tomography segmentation analysis in relapsing remitting versus progressive multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) with retinal segmentation analysis is a valuable tool in assessing axonal loss and neuro-degeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS) by in-vivo imaging, delineation and quantification of retinal layers. There is evidence of deep retinal involvement in MS beyond the inner retinal layers. The ultra-structural retinal changes in MS in different MS phenotypes can reflect differences in the pathophysiologic mechanisms.

Increased ANGPTL3, 4 and ANGPTL8/betatrophin expression levels in obesity and T2D.

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Angiopoietin like proteins particularly 3, 4 and recently 8 are well established regulators of plasma triglyceride level through regulating the activity of lipoprotein lipase. Plasma level and association between ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 is not well established in human subjects.

Ganglion cell analysis in acute optic neuritis.

Background: Optic neuritis has a diagnostic and prognostic significance in predicting the development of multiple sclerosis. Optical coherence tomography is being increasingly used to detect and monitor axonal damage in MS by measuring the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). However, RNFL can be affected by edema and inflammation and obscure early axonal damage.

Circulating ANGPTL8/Betatrophin Is Increased in Obesity and Reduced after Exercise Training.

Objective: ANGPTL8 is a liver and adipose tissue produced protein that regulates the level of triglyceride in plasma as well as glucose homeostasis. This study was designed to evaluate the level of ANGPTL8 in obese and non-obese subjects before and after exercise training.

Methods: A total of 82 non-obese and 62 adult obese were enrolled in this study.

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and neurologic disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To assess the correlation between disability progression assessed by expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), macular thickness and macular volume obtained by spectral domain OCT (SDOCT) in patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study by recruiting 104 with relapsing-remitting MS patients and 51 healthy controls. Patients' clinical characteristics and neurologic disability was recorded from the subject clinical records.

Obesity Is a Positive Modulator of IL-6R and IL-6 Expression in the Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue: Significance for Metabolic Inflammation.

The role of IL-6R/IL-6 axis in metabolic inflammation remains controversial. We determined the changes in adipose tissue expression of IL-6R and IL-6 in obese, overweight, and lean non-diabetic individuals. Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were collected from 33 obese, 22 overweight, and 10 lean individuals and the expression of IL-6R, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, IP-10, CD11b, CD163, and CD68 was detected by immunohistochemistry; results were also confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and confocal microscopy.

Hybrid (COPP/ABV) therapy in childhood Hodgkin's disease: a study of 53 cases during 1989-1993 at the Cancer Institute, Madras.

The optimal therapy for children with Hodgkin's disease is controversial. Between 1989 and 1993, 53 children under 14 years of age with Hodgkin's disease were treated with COPP/ABV (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone/adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine) hybrid chemotherapy. The results were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier product limit method for survival and the Logrank test for predicting statistical significance.