Investigation on the regular and chaotic dynamics of a ring network of five inertial Hopfield neural network: theoretical, analog and microcontroller simulation.

The studies conducted in this contribution are based on the analysis of the dynamics of a homogeneous network of five inertial neurons of the Hopfield type to which a unidirectional ring coupling topology is applied. The coupling is achieved by perturbing the next neuron's amplitude with a signal proportional to the previous one. The system consists of ten coupled ODEs, and the investigations carried out have allowed us to highlight several unusual and rarely related dynamics, hence the importance of emphasizing them.

Terahertz bound states in the continuum on-and-off- point of a moiré photonic superlattice.

Moiré metasurfaces exhibit high optical tuneabilities and versatile light manipulation capabilities. Both infinite quality factor (Q factor) and topological vortex configurations in momentum space (-space) of the bound state in the continuum (BIC) have introduced new dimensions for light modulation. Herein, we propose a moiré metasurface comprising two identical square photonic lattices superimposed with a commensurate angle of 12.

The Triad of COVID-19 in Children: Acute COVID-19, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome, and Long COVID-Part I.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. Within a span of a few months, it was deemed a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. It was first thought to affect the adult population, but soon after, cases of COVID-19 in children started emerging.

Supply-Side Barriers in Accessing Human Papillomavirus Screening for Cervical Cancer Prevention in Rural India: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In India, rural areas face a disproportionate burden of cervical cancer cases. Effective screening methods, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV) testing, are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for early detection and prevention.

Midwife-Led Versus Obstetrician-Led Perinatal Care for Low-Risk Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 1.4 Million Pregnancies.

The optimum model of perinatal care for low-risk pregnancies has been a topic of debate. Obstetrician-led care tends to perform unnecessary interventions, whereas the quality of midwife-led care has been subject to debate. This review aimed to assess whether midwife-led care reduces childbirth intervention and whether this comes at the expense of maternal and neonatal wellbeing.

Non-alkylating agents-induced gonadotoxicity in pre-pubertal males: Insights on the clinical and pre-clinical front.

Whilst chemotherapy regimens have proven to be more successful for pediatric cancer patients over the years, their influence on long-term side effects is relatively poorly understood. One of the possible targets is the gonads, with gonadotoxic agents representing those that threaten the patient's ability to have children post surviving the primary disease treatment. Many risk stratification guidelines have categorized these agents based on the severity of their effect on the pre-pubertal testis.

Drug-Induced Oral Erythema Multiforme: A Report of a Rare Case.

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute-onset, self-limiting inflammatory condition affecting the skin and mucous membranes. It exhibits a range of skin lesions, which is why it is referred to as "multiforme." Oral lesions, usually inflammatory and frequently marked by rapidly rupturing vesicles and bullae, often constitute a significant clinical feature.

High-fidelity pose estimation for real-time extended reality (XR) visualization for cardiac catheterization.

Extended reality (XR) technologies are emerging as promising platforms for medical training and procedural guidance, particularly in complex cardiac interventions. This paper presents a high-fidelity methodology to perform real-time 3D catheter tracking and visualization during simulated cardiac interventions. A custom 3D-printed setup with mounted cameras enables biplane video capture of a catheter.

Interdisciplinary Operating Room Ergonomics Needs and Priorities: A Survey of Operating Room Staff.

Objective: To examine perceived OR ergonomics facilitators and barriers, with a focus on the interdisciplinary team.

Summary Background Data: Poor ergonomics causes musculoskeletal injuries affecting all operating room (OR) staff with repercussions on patient care, outcomes, and sustainability. Lack of ergonomic awareness and education are risk factors.

Antiviral immunity within neural stem cells distinguishes Enterovirus-D68 strain differences in forebrain organoids.

Neural stem cells have intact innate immune responses that protect them from virus infection and cell death. Yet, viruses can antagonize such responses to establish neuropathogenesis. Using a forebrain organoid model system at two developmental time points, we identified that neural stem cells, in particular radial glia, are basally primed to respond to virus infection by upregulating several antiviral interferon-stimulated genes.

Reconstruction of the External Auditory Canal for Spontaneous Temporomandibular Joint Herniation.

Spontaneous herniation of the temporomandibular joint into the external auditory canal is rare and generally results from inflammation or trauma but is rarely documented as a result of osteoradionecrosis. We report the novel surgical management of TMJ herniation by reconstructing the anterior EAC using conchal cartilage and a vascularized pedicled muscle flap in two patients. At follow-up, both had healing of the ear canal and TM without any evidence of joint herniation, with improved QOL and hearing.

Three-dimensional assessment of root canal morphology of primary dentition using cone beam computed tomography.

Background: Root canal therapy in primary teeth is exceedingly complex due to the unique internal geometry of the pulp cavity.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate variations in primary teeth root canal morphology and applicability of the Ahmed et al. (Int Endod J, 50, 2017, 761) alphanumeric system for classifying them.

Provider Perspectives and Access to Palliative Care: An American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) Survey.

Background: To explore provider perspectives about palliative care (PC) in head and neck cancer (HNC) care.

Methods: A 25-question electronic survey was disseminated to the membership of the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) from April 10, 2023, through June 13, 2023.

Results: Respondents were most likely to refer to PC at symptomatic disease progression (52%) or terminal diagnosis (29%) rather than at initial diagnosis (17%).

A Longitudinal Investigation on the Reciprocal Relationship of Problematic Smartphone Use with Bedtime Procrastination, Sleep Quality, and Mental Health Among University Students.

Background: Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is linked to various mental health issues, but the relationship between PSU, bedtime procrastination, and mental health symptoms is unclear. Sleep factors related to PSU and its mental health effects have been understudied. This study explores the longitudinal associations between PSU, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and mental health in university students.

Comparing Warm and Cold Gutta-Percha Techniques for Root Canal Filling: An Study.

Background: Gutta-percha is commonly used in endodontic therapy for obturating root canals after cleaning and shaping procedures. Warm and cold gutta-percha techniques are two common methods employed for obturation, each with its own advantages and limitations.

Materials And Methods: Twenty extracted human teeth with single-rooted canals were selected and divided into two groups: warm gutta-percha obturation and cold gutta-percha obturation.

Beyond Numbers: Decoding the Gendered Tapestry of Non-Communicable Diseases in India.

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a major global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like India, with significant gender disparities in mortality and disease burden. This study aims to investigate these disparities, using data from national health surveys, to inform gender-specific public health strategies and align with global health goals.

Methodology: The study uses data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) and National Family Health Surveys (NFHS-4 and NFHS-5).

Strain-dependent dynamic re-alignment of collagen fibers in skeletal muscle extracellular matrix.

Collagen fiber architecture within the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) is significant to passive muscle mechanics. While it is thought that collagen fibers re-orient themselves in response to changes in muscle length, this has not been dynamically visualized and quantified within a muscle. The goal of this study was to measure changes in collagen alignment across a range of muscle lengths and compare the corresponding alignment to muscle mechanics.

Palliative care outcome measures used in head and neck cancer: A scoping review.

Background: The palliative care (PC) needs of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are complex, due to high and unique symptom burdens. Uniform outcome measures are critical to assessing the impact of PC interventions in HNC.

Methods: A scoping review of outcome measures used in patients with HNC receiving PC was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from 1980 to 2022.

Marginal Gingival Thickness Assessment in Three- To Six-Year-Old Preschool Children.

Although gingival thickness has been extensively studied in permanent dentition, the literature regarding marginal gingival thickness in primary dentition is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to assess the variations in marginal gingival thickness in preschool-age children. A cross-sectional study of 4,109 primary teeth was conducted.

Applications of Zebrafish Embryo Models to Predict Developmental Toxicity for Agrochemical Product Development.

The development of safe crop protection products is a complex process that traditionally relies on intensive animal use for hazard identification. Methods that capture toxicity in early stages of agrochemical discovery programs enable a more efficient and sustainable product development pipeline. Here, we explored whether the zebrafish model can be leveraged to identify mammalian-relevant toxicity.