Hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding.

Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) accounts for 5% of gynaecology referrals. Investigations should exclude malignancy and pre-malignancy, and diagnose the benign conditions that need treatment. The three modalities that are most commonly used are transvaginal ultrasound scan (TVS), endometrial biopsy (EB) and hysteroscopy.

Elective cryopreservation of embryos at the pronucleate stage in women at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome may affect the overall pregnancy rate.

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the pregnancy outcome and incidence of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in patients at risk of developing OHSS who had embryo cryopreservation at pronucleate stage and deferred embryo transfer in a university-affiliated teaching hospital over a 5-year period. Elective embryo cryopreservation and deferred transfer in patients at risk of OHSS does not compromise the cumulative pregnancy rate per patient and also results in a low overall incidence of severe OHSS.

National survey of current practice in assessing tubal patency in the UK.

We conducted a postal survey to find out the current practice in the UK regarding the methods employed to assess tubal patency. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the methods used to assess tubal patency in women presenting with infertility with or without risk factors suggesting pelvic disease. A total of 496 questionnaires were sent and 174 responded (35%).