Uncertainty quantification in neural-network based pain intensity estimation.

Improper pain management leads to severe physical or mental consequences, including suffering, a negative impact on quality of life, and an increased risk of opioid dependency. Assessing the presence and severity of pain is imperative to prevent such outcomes and determine the appropriate intervention. However, the evaluation of pain intensity is a challenging task because different individuals experience pain differently.

Exploration of physiological sensors, features, and machine learning models for pain intensity estimation.

In current clinical settings, typically pain is measured by a patient's self-reported information. This subjective pain assessment results in suboptimal treatment plans, over-prescription of opioids, and drug-seeking behavior among patients. In the present study, we explored automatic objective pain intensity estimation machine learning models using inputs from physiological sensors.

Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in the Assessment of Acute Cerebrovascular Accident.

 Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) has for long been a global burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) component, troponin T, and brain natriuretic peptide have been found to be elevated among the patients with stroke and also serve to prognosticate these patients. The serum levels of these enzymes correlate directly to the severity of stroke in these patients.

and from marine macro-algae - isolation and characterization of agar-hydrolysing bacteria.

Macro-algae are a good source of agar oligosaccharides, which can be obtained through bacterial enzymatic hydrolysis. The agarase enzyme secreted by the micro-organisms cleaves the cell wall of the algae and releases agar oligosaccharides as degradation products with various applications. Agarolytic bacteria were isolated from the marine algae sp.

Resiliency of Mutualistic Supplier-Manufacturer Networks.

Current Supplier-Manufacturer (SM) networks are highly complex and susceptible to local and global disruptions, due to connectivity and interdependency among suppliers and manufacturers. Resiliency of supply chains is critical for organizations to remain operational in the face of disruptive events. Existing quantitative analyses oversimplify the mutualistic nature of SM networks, in which failure of individual entities affects not only the directly connected entities but also those connected indirectly.

Complexity and entropy representation for machine component diagnostics.

The Complexity-entropy causality plane (CECP) is a parsimonious representation space for time series. It has only two dimensions: normalized permutation entropy ([Formula: see text]) and Jensen-Shannon complexity ([Formula: see text]) of a time series. This two-dimensional representation allows for detection of slow or rapid drifts in the condition of mechanical components monitored through sensor measurements.

Correction: Novel keyword co-occurrence network-based methods to foster systematic reviews of scientific literature.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Novel keyword co-occurrence network-based methods to foster systematic reviews of scientific literature.

Systematic reviews of scientific literature are important for mapping the existing state of research and highlighting further growth channels in a field of study, but systematic reviews are inherently tedious, time consuming, and manual in nature. In recent years, keyword co-occurrence networks (KCNs) are exploited for knowledge mapping. In a KCN, each keyword is represented as a node and each co-occurrence of a pair of words is represented as a link.

Status of microbial diversity in agroforestry systems in Tamil Nadu, India.

Soil is a complex and dynamic biological system. Agroforestry systems are considered to be an alternative land use option to help and prevent soil degradation, improve soil fertility, microbial diversity, and organic matter status. An increasing interest has emerged with respect to the importance of microbial diversity in soil habitats.

Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 lipid A changes during the interaction with model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the main surface constituent of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipid A, the hydrophobic moiety, outer monolayer of the outer cell membrane forms the major component of LPS. Immunogenic Lipid A is recognized by the innate immune system through the TLR 4/MD-2 complex.

Efficient interrupting skills of amino acid metallointercalators with DNA at physiological pH: evaluation of biological assays.

The 4-aminoantipyrine derivatives (NO2, OCH3) and their mixed-ligand complexes with amino acids have been synthesized and investigated for their binding with CT DNA using UV-visible spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and viscosity measurements under physiological conditions of pH (stomach 4.7; blood 7.4).

Antioxidant & anticancer activities of isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione), isolated from the flowers of Couroupita guianensis Aubl.

Background & Objectives: Derivatives of isatin are known to have cytotoxicity against human carcinoma cell lines. This compound therefore, has a potential to be used as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancer. This study was done to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of isatin, extracted from flower of a folklore medicinal plant Couroupita guianensis against human promylocytic leukemia (HL60) cells.

Detoxification and fermentation of pyrolytic sugar for ethanol production.

The sugars present in bio-oil produced by fast pyrolysis can potentially be fermented by microbial organisms to produce cellulosic ethanol. This study shows the potential for microbial digestion of the aqueous fraction of bio-oil in an enrichment medium to consume glucose and produce ethanol. In addition to glucose, inhibitors such as furans and phenols are present in the bio-oil.

Effect of acid, steam explosion, and size reduction pretreatments on bio-oil production from sweetgum, switchgrass, and corn stover.

Bio-oil produced from biomass by fast pyrolysis has the potential to be a valuable substitute for fossil fuels. In a recent work on pinewood, we found that pretreatment alters the structure and chemical composition of biomass, which influence fast pyrolysis. In this study, we evaluated dilute acid, steam explosion, and size reduction pretreatments on sweetgum, switchgrass, and corn stover feedstocks.

The effect of fucoidan from brown seaweed Sargassum wightii on WSSV resistance and immune activity in shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fab).

The polysaccharide-fucoidan was extracted from brown seaweed Sargassum wightii and characterized through FT-IR and (13)C &(1)H NMR analysis. The extracted fucoidan was supplemented with pellet diets at three different concentrations (0.1, 0.

Performance and emissions of a spark-ignited engine driven generator on biomass based syngas.

The emergence of biomass based energy warrants the evaluation of syngas from biomass gasification as a fuel for personal power systems. The objectives of this study were to determine the performance and exhaust emissions of a commercial 5.5 kW generator modified for operation with 100% syngas at different syngas flows and to compare the results with those obtained for gasoline operation at same electrical power.

Pilot scale fiber separation from distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) using sieving and air classification.

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), the coproduct of fuel ethanol production from cereal grains like corn, is mainly used as cattle feed and is used at low inclusion levels in poultry and swine diets because of high fiber content. Elusieve process, the combination of sieving and air classification (elutriation), was developed in laboratory scale to separate fiber from DDGS to result in a low fiber product which would be more suitable for poultry and swine. In this pilot scale study, DDGS was sieved at a rate of 0.

Chains of [RE6] octahedra coupled by (NCN) links in the network structure of RE2Cl(CN2)N. Synthesis and structure of two novel rare earth chloride carbodiimide nitrides with structures related to the RE2Cl3 type.

Solid state metathesis reactions between RECl(3) (RE = La, Ce) and Li(2)CN(2) at 800 degrees C have led to the discovery of the rare earth chloride carbodiimide nitrides La(2)Cl(CN(2))N (1) and Ce(2)Cl(CN(2))N (2), respectively. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that 1 and 2 crystallize isotypic in an orthorhombic system (Cmmm, Z = 4, a = 13.3914(8) A, b = 9.