Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and DFT and mol-ecular docking studies of 6-cyanona-phthalen-2-yl 4-(benz-yloxy)benzoate.

In the title compound, CHNO, the torsion angle associated with the phenyl benzoate group is -173.7 (2)° and that for the benz-yloxy group is -174.8 (2)° establishing an -type conformation.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4'-cyano-[1,1'-biphen-yl]-4-yl 3-(benz-yloxy)benzoate.

In the title compound, CHON, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings of the biphenyl unit is 38.14 (2)° and the C-O-C-C torsion angle in the benz-yloxy benzene fragment is 179.1 (2)°.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of naphthalene-2,3-diyl bis-(3-benz-yl-oxy)benzoate.

In the title compound, CHO, the dihedral angles between the naphthalene ring system and its pendant benz-yloxy rings and are 88.05 (7) and 80.84 (7)°, respectively.

Leaning induced layer undulated tilted smectic phase of asymmetric bent-core liquid crystals.

We report the synthesis and experimental studies on the liquid crystalline phase of a homologous series of compounds comprised of strongly asymmetric bent-core banana shaped molecules. Our x-ray diffraction studies clearly indicate that the compounds exhibit a frustrated tilted smectic phase with layer undulated structure. The low value of the dielectric constant as well as switching current measurements indicate the absence of polarization in this layer undulated phase.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-({4-[(4-cyano-phen-oxy)carbon-yl]phen-oxy}carbon-yl)phenyl 4-(benz-yloxy)-3-chloro-benzoate.

The title compound, CHClNO, is a non-liquid crystal with a bent-shaped mol-ecule. The dihedral angles between adjacent aromatic rings in the mol-ecule (starting from the cyano-benzene ring) are 72.61 (2), 87.

Can HIV reverse transcriptase activity assay be a low-cost alternative for viral load monitoring in resource-limited settings?

Objective: To evaluate the performance and cost of an HIV reverse transcriptase-enzyme activity (HIV-RT) assay in comparison to an HIV-1 RNA assay for routine viral load monitoring in resource limited settings.

Design: A cohort-based longitudinal study.

Setting: Two antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres in Karnataka state, South India, providing treatment under the Indian AIDS control programme.

Partial Edentulism and its Association with Socio-Demographic Variables among Subjects Attending Dental Teaching Institutions, India.

Background: Despite advances in preventive dentistry, edentulism is a major public health issues worldwide. Edentulism is an enervating and unrepairable condition and is described as the "final marker of disease burden for oral health." The objectives of the present study are to determine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and partial edentulism, and to evaluate the prevalence of various classes of partial edentulism by using Kennedy's classification.

Prevalence of virulence factors and phylogenetic characterization of uropathogenic Escherichia coli causing urinary tract infection in patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Background: We aimed to determine the virulence factor profile and phylogenetic grouping of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) causing urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: A total of 280 UPEC were collected from the urine samples of patients with DM (n=126) and patients suffering from non-DM UTIs (n=154). All isolates were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic virulence factor profile and phylogenetic grouping.

Crystal structure of 4-meth-oxy-phenyl 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C17H12O5, the dihedral angle between the planes of the coumarin ring system (r.m.s.

Crystal structure of bis-(4-meth-oxy-phenyl) malonate.

The complete mol-ecule of the title compound, C17H16O6, is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry, with the central methyl-ene C atom lying on the rotation axis. The carbonyl O atom is disordered over two adjacent positions in a 0.63 (3):0.

Crystal structure of 4-bromo-phenyl-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C16H9BrO4, the coumarin ring system is approximately planar, with an r.m.s deviation of the ten fitted non-H atoms of 0.

Performance of genotypic tools for prediction of tropism in HIV-1 subtype C V3 loop sequences.

Currently, there is no consensus on the genotypic tools to be used for tropism analysis in HIV-1 subtype C strains. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the different V3 loop-based genotypic algorithms available. We compiled a dataset of 645 HIV-1 subtype C V3 loop sequences of known coreceptor phenotypes (531 R5-tropic/non-syncytium-inducing and 114 X4-tropic/R5X4-tropic/syncytium-inducing sequences) from the Los Alamos database (http://www.

6-(Hex-5-en-yloxy)naphthalene-2-carb-oxy-lic acid.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C17H18O3, comprises three independent mol-ecules with similar geometries. In each mol-ecule, the carbonyl group is twisted away from the napthalene ring system, making dihedral angles of 1.0 (2), 1.

Lower prevalence of hlyD, papC and cnf-1 genes in ciprofloxacin-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli than their susceptible counterparts isolated from southern India.

Objective: The study was conducted to determine the association of the hlyD, papC and cnf-1 virulence genes with drug resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from cases of urinary tract infection (UTI).

Method: A total of 193 E. coli strains isolated from symptomatic cases of UTI in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Raichur, Northern Karnataka, India were included in the study.

6-Cyanona-phthalen-2-yl 4-hexyl-benzo-ate.

In the title compound, C24H23NO2, a whole mol-ecule is disordered over two sets of sites with occupancies in a ratio of 0.692 (6):0.308 (6).

HIV-1 coreceptor tropism in India: increasing proportion of X4-tropism in subtype C strains over two decades.

Background: Recent studies show an increase in the frequency of X4-tropism in African HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) strains and among Indian children with a longer duration of infection. There is limited availability of comprehensive data on HIV-1 tropism in Indian HIV-1C strains and impact on coreceptor antagonist drug susceptibility. We evaluated coreceptor tropism trends over 2 decades and maraviroc resistance-associated V3 loop substitutions among the Indian HIV-1C strains.

4-(Dec-yloxy)phenyl 2-oxo-7-trifluoro-methyl-2H-chromene-3-carboxyl-ate.

The title compound, C27H29F3O5, is a liquid crystal (LC) and exhibits enanti-otropic SmA phase transitions. In the crystal, the dihedral angle between the 2H-chromene ring system and the benzene ring is 62.97 (2)°.

High concordance of genotypic coreceptor prediction in plasma-viral RNA and proviral DNA of HIV-1 subtype C: implications for use of whole blood DNA in resource-limited settings.

Objectives: Genotypic tropism testing (GTT) of HIV is increasingly used prior to the initiation of CCR5 antagonist therapy in HIV-infected individuals. Normally performed on plasma-derived virus, the test is challenging when performed in patients with suppressed viraemia. We aimed to evaluate the performance of cell-associated proviral DNA against plasma-derived viral RNA as the genetic material for GTT in an Indian clinical setting.

The detection of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in patients with symptomatic urinary tract infections using different diffusion methods in a rural setting.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum of beta lactamases (ESBLs), to compare different phenotypic methods for ESBL confirmation and to evaluate the antibiotic resistance patterns among ESBL-producing urinary Escherichia coli.

Methods: Urinary E. coli isolates that were resistant to at least one of the three indicator cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefpodoxime and ceftazidime) were tested for ESBL production using the double disc synergy test (DDST), the inhibitory potentiated disc diffusion (IPDD) test and the quantitative E-strip method.

4-Nitro-phenyl 4-hy-droxy-3-methyl-benzoate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H11NO5, contains two independent mol-ecules in which the dihedral angles between the benzene rings are 89.27 (16) and 77.14 (12)°.

Methyl 4-benz-yloxy-2-hy-droxy-benzoate.

In the title compound, C15H14O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 67.18 (8)°. The Ca-Cm-O-Ca (a = aromatic and m = methyl-ene) torsion angle is 172.

4'-Cyano-biphenyl-4-yl 7-diethyl-amino-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(27)H(22)N(2)O(4), the dihedral angles between the central benzene ring and the cyano-benzene ring and the 2H-coumarin ring system (r.m.s.

4-(Oct-yloxy)phenyl 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(24)H(26)O(5), the 2H-chromene ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.029 (2) Å from the best-fit mean plane incorporating both rings. The dihedral angle between the 2H-chromene ring system and the benzene ring is 21.

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis: the experience of an urban tertiary care hospital in South India using automated BACTEC 460 TB.

The emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strains has been a major obstacle in the tuberculosis (TB) control programme. In the present study we looked into the prevalence of MDR-TB in an urban tertiary care hospital in South India over four years (2007-2010). During this period, 641 clinical specimens (317 respiratory specimens and 324 non-respiratory specimens) were received for mycobacteriological culture and drug susceptibility testing for first-line drugs, using the BACTEC 460 TB system.