Publications by authors named "Srinivas Sripathi"
Mechanistic dissection of diabetic retinopathy using the protein-metabolite interactome.
J Diabetes Metab Disord
December 2020
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the molecular mechanisms behind diabetic retinopathy (DR) by examining the interactions of proteins and metabolites, aiming to identify novel biomarkers for the condition.
- Using proteomic techniques and bioinformatics, researchers discovered new biomarkers related to DR and mapped the protein and metabolite networks involved in the disease.
- The findings indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in DR progression, affecting various biological processes and suggesting possible therapeutic targets for treatment.
Article Synopsis
- Intense light exposure leads to retinal degeneration by generating reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, resulting in abnormal cell death through apoptosis in diseases like diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.
- Erythropoietin (EPO) has been studied for its potential to protect retinal cells from damage and regulate angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) during oxidative stress conditions.
- The research indicates that EPO might offer a new therapeutic approach for retinal degeneration by balancing anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic signals at the molecular level.
Article Synopsis
- The study used a metabolomics approach to identify natural molecules involved in angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) through experiments on chick embryos.
- By analyzing the chicks' chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), researchers found that certain fatty acids, particularly oleic, cholesterol, and linoleic acids, increased during the early stages of vessel formation.
- The research suggests that these lipids may start the angiogenesis process, paving the way for other proteins like vascular endothelial growth factor to participate later in blood vessel development.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists are addressing the challenge of delivering DNA effectively to post-mitotic, highly differentiated cells using biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) rather than viral vectors, which offer safer, more efficient options.
- A high-throughput screening platform successfully identified 148 types of these nanoparticles that can transfect human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells with low toxicity and more effectiveness than existing commercial methods.
- One notable synthetic polymer, 5-3-J12, creates nanoparticles that successfully deliver plasmid DNA to RPE cells without harming them, paving the way for advancements in gene transfer technologies for various fragile human cells.
Article Synopsis
- The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is crucial for eye health by protecting photoreceptors and removing waste during light exposure.
- Melatonin enhances the expression of key proteins like prohibitin and β-tubulin, affecting the RPE's cytoskeletal structure and aiding in oxidative stress protection.
- The study suggests melatonin could be a promising treatment for ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration by promoting healthier RPE cell morphology and function.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the molecular mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by focusing on how protein phosphorylation interacts with oxidative stress.
- Researchers assessed biomarkers and protein interactions in models that resemble the characteristics of AMD, hypothesizing that specific protein changes are key to the disease's progression.
- Findings reveal that certain proteins and cellular processes are crucial for understanding and potentially treating AMD, highlighting therapeutic targets and the role of phosphorylation in cellular survival during oxidative stress.
Article Synopsis
- * This study quantitatively analyzed mitochondrial characteristics in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, revealing interactions involving the protein prohibitin that affect both cytoskeletal structure and mitochondrial behavior.
- * Findings suggest that the balance of mitochondrial movement is essential, and disruptions might contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial and cytoskeletal dynamics in cellular health.
Article Synopsis
- Prohibitin has been shown to interact with specific lipids like phosphatidylinositide and cardiolipin, particularly during stress conditions to help activate mitochondrial growth.
- The study focuses on the expression of prohibitin in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) related to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
- Findings indicate that lower levels of prohibitin in the peripheral RPE contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially speeding up AMD progression.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with dysfunction and death of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Cell-based approaches using RPE-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are being developed for AMD treatment. However, most efficient RPE differentiation protocols rely on complex, stepwise treatments and addition of growth factors, whereas small-molecule-only approaches developed to date display reduced yields.
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- - A new water-soluble BODIPY dye has been developed, featuring electron-rich o-diaminophenyl groups that make it a sensitive fluorescent probe for nitric oxide (NO) detection in living cells.
- - In the absence of NO, the probe shows very weak fluorescence due to quenching from the o-diaminophenyl groups, with a fluorescence quantum yield of only 0.001.
- - When nitric oxide is present, the probe's fluorescence increases significantly, indicating its effectiveness in detecting NO in biological environments with good solubility and cell compatibility.
Article Synopsis
- - Light exposure is linked to eye diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), prompting researchers to study how cytoskeletal proteins in retinal cells react to oxidative stress from light.
- - A study found that in mice exposed to continuous light, levels of the proteins vimentin and PP2A increased, but these levels normalized with melatonin treatment, suggesting a connection between light stress and these cytoskeletal proteins.
- - The research indicates that nitric oxide plays a crucial role in regulating the phosphorylation of PP2A and vimentin during stress, which could affect the stability of vimentin and its potential role in preventing cell death under oxidative conditions.
Article Synopsis
- Mitochondrial-nuclear communication is essential for retinal and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells to adapt and survive under oxidative stress due to their high oxygen needs.
- A study found that the protein prohibitin plays a significant role in this communication, being upregulated in the retina but downregulated in RPE cells during aging and diabetes.
- Prohibitin acts as an anti-apoptotic molecule in mitochondria and facilitates communication with the nucleus, crucial for maintaining mitochondrial integrity under oxidative stress.
Identification of biomarker proteins in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) under oxidative stress may imply new insights into signaling mechanisms of retinal degeneration at the molecular level. Proteomic data from an in vivo mice model in constant light and an in vitro oxidative stress model are compared to controls under normal conditions. Our proteomic study shows that prohibitin is involved in oxidative stress signaling in the retina and RPE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of a chromosomal toxin-antitoxin, Rv1102c-Rv1103c system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
September 2010
Toxin-antitoxin systems, ubiquitous in prokaryotic genomes, have been proposed to play an important role in several stress responses. While Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains more than 80 putative TA loci, the roles they play in this pathogen are yet to be studied. Here, we characterize a chromosomal Rv1102c-Rv1103c TA system in M.
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