Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of (Garlic Extract) against Human Dental Pulp Fibroblasts.

Background: Vital pulp therapy procedures in primary dentition focuses on preservation and maintenance of pulp tissue that has been compromised due to caries, trauma, etc. Several pulp dressing materials have been used in primary teeth and some natural materials from the field of traditional medicine have also been introduced as medicaments in vital pulp therapy. The understanding of biologic and cytotoxic properties of newer materials is important for safe clinical usage.

Contribution from MHC-Mediated Risk in Schizophrenia Can Reflect a More Ethnic-Specific Genetic and Comorbid Background.

The immune system seems to play a significant role in the development of schizophrenia. This becomes more evident with the emerging role of MHC complex and cytokines in schizophrenia. In the recent past, several GWAS have implied that the 6p21 region was associated with schizophrenia.

Exosomes: Insights and therapeutic applications in cancer.

Cancer refers to the division of abnormal cells at an uncontrollable rate that possesses the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal tissues. It frequently spreads to normal tissues throughout the body, a condition known as metastasis, which is a significant concern. It is the second leading cause of mortality globally and treatment therapy can assist in improving survival rates.

A cross-sectional cariogram-based comparison of caries risk profile in children with various levels of intellectual disability.

Aim: To compare the caries risk profile in children with mild, moderate, and severe intellectual disability (ID) using cariogram.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare caries risk profile using cariogram among 150 children aged 6-18 years, with various levels of ID (50 each in Mild ID, Moderate ID, and Severe ID groups), attending special schools in Bengaluru city. The risk assessment consisted of: a questionnaire, an interview, estimation of oral hygiene, saliva sampling, microbial evaluation and clinical examination.

Pharmacogenetics Based Dose Prediction Model for Initial Tacrolimus Dosing in Renal Transplant Recipients.

Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant used in solid organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic index and exhibits inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability. Achieving and maintaining a therapeutic level of the drug by giving appropriate doses is crucial for successful immunosuppression, especially during the initial post-transplant period. We studied the effect of , , and gene polymorphisms on tacrolimus trough concentrations in South Indian renal transplant recipients from Kerala to formulate a genotype-based dosing equation to calculate the required starting daily dose of tacrolimus to be given to each patient to attain optimal initial post-transplant period drug level.

ANFIS for prediction of epidemic peak and infected cases for COVID-19 in India.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a continuing extensive incident globally affecting several million people's health and sometimes leading to death. The outbreak prediction and making cautious steps is the only way to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This paper presents an Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)-based machine learning technique to predict the possible outbreak in India.

Pro-inflammatory cytokine response pre-dominates immuno-genetic pathway in development of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a crucial inflammatory joint disease characterized by loss of self-tolerance and severe cartilage loss, autoimmune, and subchondral bone erosions. Cytokines are the key regulators of inflammatory responses. Homeostatic imbalances in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine activities can result in pathogenic inflammatory reactions.

Current Perspectives of Exosomes as Therapeutic Targets and Drug Delivery Vehicles for Pancreatic Cancer.

The ever-growing interest in exosomes research is mainly due to their potential applications in health and disease, especially in therapy and diagnosis. To explore the applications of exosomes in the clinical setting, we must understand their characteristics at the molecular levels. Furthermore, exosomes are cell and function specific; therefore, we must ascertain the molecular mechanisms of their biogenesis, cellular recognition, and uptake.

Impact of cytogenetics on outcomes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Context: In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most important prognostic factors are age, leukocyte count at presentation, immunophenotype, and cytogenetic abnormalities. The cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with distinct immunologic phenotypes of ALL and characteristic outcomes.

Aims: The present study was primarily aimed at analyzing the impact of cytogenetics on postinduction responses and event-free survival (EFS) in pediatric patients with ALL.

Organocatalytic Enantioselective Amination of 2-Substituted Indolin-3-ones: A Strategy for the Synthesis of Chiral α-Hydrazino Esters.

An efficient enantioselective α-amination of 2-substituted 3-indolinones has been achieved for the first time using hydroquinidine as a chiral catalyst through an aza-Michael reaction. The desired α-hydrazino esters are obtained in excellent yields with high enantiomeric excess leading to a quaternary stereocenter with a broad substrate scope.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines and their epistatic interactions in genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia.

Background: In schizophrenia, genetic background may provide a substrate for intrinsic maldevelopment of the brain through environmental influences, by recruiting neurotrophic factors and cytokines, to trigger the changes that lead to impaired neuronal functions. Cytokines being the key regulators of immune/inflammatory reactions are also known to influence the dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic neurotransmission. Therefore, functional polymorphisms in cytokine genes may result in imbalances in the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production.

Protective Effect of Sundakai (Solanum torvum) Seed Protein (SP) Against Oxidative Membrane Damage in Human Erythrocytes.

Lipid peroxidation by ROS at the membrane level disturbs the inherit integrity of components activating subsequent alterations in the function. In this study, the protective effect of purified Sundakai (Solanum torvum) seed protein (SP) was tested against oxidative membrane damage in erythrocyte membrane. SP prevented oxidative RBC lysis induced by pro-oxidants; Fe:As (2:20 μmol), periodate (0.

Pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm is mediated by proinflammatory cytokine TNFA and IFNG and through stochastic regulation of IL10 and TGFB1 by comorbid factors.

Background: Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is often asymptomatic until the time of rupture resulting in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).There is no precise biochemical or phenotype marker for diagnosis of aneurysm. Environmental risk factors that associate with IA can result in modifying the effect of inherited genetic factors and thereby increase the susceptibility to SAH.

PID15, a novel 6 kDa secreted peptide, mediates Naja naja venom phospholipase A₂ induced apoptosis in isolated human peripheral lymphocytes.

Background: Snake venoms are a complex mixture of active principles mainly peptides and proteins also including amino acids, nucleotides, free lipids, carbohydrates and metallic elements bound to proteins that interfere in several biological systems. In this study, we aimed to understand the mode of action of the apoptosis inducing ability of Naja naja venom phospholipase A2 (NV-PLA2) using isolated human peripheral lymphocytes.

Results: Human peripheral lymphocytes when incubated with Naja naja venom phospholipase A2 (NV-PLA2) induced up to 68% DNA fragmentation.

Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with oral lichen planus in Malayalam-speaking ethnicity from South India (Kerala).

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous condition that affects the oral mucous membrane as well as skin. It is a chronic cell-mediated autoimmune condition where the T-cell-mediated immune response plays an important part in the pathogenesis by causing damage to basal keratinocytes in oral mucosa. Cytokine gene polymorphisms have an unquestionable role in the orchestration of the immune response, leading to different functional scenarios, which in turn influence the outcome of the disease establishment and evolution.

Survival benefits of terlipressin and non-responder state in hepatorenal syndrome: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: Terlipressin improves renal function in hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a known fact. However the reason for lack of its long-term survival benefits despite improvement in renal function remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival benefits of terlipressin in HRS and to address the issue of non-responder state to terlipressin.

Development and validation of the stability-indicating LC-UV method for the determination of Cefditoren pivoxil.

An isocratic RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of Cefditoren pivoxil in pharmaceutical formulations using a C-18 column with water-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) as mobile phase and flow rate 1.2 mL/min (UV detection at 218 nm). Linearity was observed in the concentration range 1.

MusaDHN-1, a novel multiple stress-inducible SK(3)-type dehydrin gene, contributes affirmatively to drought- and salt-stress tolerance in banana.

Dehydrins are highly hydrophilic proteins involved in playing key adaptive roles in response to abiotic stress conditions having dehydration as a common component. In the present study, a novel banana SK(3)-type dehydrin, MusaDHN-1, was identified and later characterized using transgenic banana plants to investigate its functions in abiotic stress tolerance. Expression profiling in native banana plants demonstrated that MusaDHN-1 was induced in leaves by drought, salinity, cold, oxidative and heavy metal stress as well as by treatment with signalling molecules like abscisic acid, ethylene and methyl jasmonate.

Enhanced iron and zinc accumulation in genetically engineered pineapple plants using soybean ferritin gene.

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr., cv.

Effect of calcium on anxiolytic activity of diazepam and verapamil in rats.

Objective: To analyze the role of calcium in anxiety and its effect on anxiolytic activity of diazepam and verapamil.

Materials And Methods: Study was conducted using female albino rats in light and dark arena; a nonconflicting animal experimental model for anxiety. Animals were divided into six groups with six animals in each group.

Cloning and characterization of a novel stress-responsive WRKY transcription factor gene (MusaWRKY71) from Musa spp. cv. Karibale Monthan (ABB group) using transformed banana cells.

WRKY transcription factor proteins play significant roles in plant stress responses. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a novel WRKY gene, MusaWRKY71 isolated from an edible banana cultivar Musa spp. Karibale Monthan (ABB group).

Iron fortification of banana by the expression of soybean ferritin.

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the serious ailments related to nutrition in the developing countries. Fruit and vegetable crops favor the bioavailability of iron. Banana is consumed as a staple food in the tropics.