Müllerianosis of the urinary bladder with unilateral complete renal agenesis: a rare coincidental finding causing delayed presentation.

Müllerianosis is a rare benign lesion of the urinary bladder, which is constituted by two or more of the Müllerian-duct-derived tissues. We report a 45-year-old perimenopausal multiparous woman presenting with occasional episodes of dysuria and lower abdominal discomfort of recent duration. Ultrasound examination revealed a well-defined lesion in urinary bladder and the absence of left kidney.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the kidney presenting as diplopia secondary to skull metastasis.

A 20-year-old man presented to the department of neurology with diplopia, occipital headache and right flank pain for 1-week duration. CT of the brain revealed skull metastasis with heterogeneously enhancing dural-based mass lesion at the occipital region. Positron emission tomography revealed tracer avid soft tissue mass involving the upper pole of the right kidney with loss of fat planes with the inferior surface of the liver.

Co-factors for abnormal lactate levels among persons with HIV disease at a tertiary HIV care setting in South India.

Background: The co-factors underlying abnormal lactate level remains to be determined in resource-limited settings. In a cross-sectional study conducted between January 2004 and July 2006, we determined the proportion of HIV-infected persons with abnormal lactate levels and correlated the association of certain co-factors of abnormal lactate levels at a tertiary HIV care centre in Chennai, Southern India.

Methods: Lactate was estimated by the enzymatic method using an Olympus AU 400 autoanalyzer.